一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解
When it comes to gifts, it's not easy to shop for someone when you're not sure what they're into. Thankfully, Crate and Barrel's sister store — the modern, fancy version — CB2 has a gift collection that is just as beautiful as it is practical. They're known for their modern designs. We've edited a list of some of our favorite gift ideas from CB2 so you'll know just what to get. Galactic Jewelry Box ($21)
This jewelry box is not only a place to store your jewels, but it looks like one itself. “Designed by UK-based Seascape Curiosities, the jewelry box brings deep space to your room. Open storage space lined with light grey cotton velvet holds most-precious possessions,” CB2 states. The best part? It's under $25. Flamingo Catchall ($29.95)
Designed by the British fashion designer Matthew Williamson, this flamingo catchall is a pop of color in every room and offers a secure place to store some of your favorite rings, earrings, or little items. Not only is it an awesome addition to just about any home, it's also a great conversation starter at dinner parties. Heritage Navy Leather Activity Ball ($49)
It's a great gift for the man in your life who loves sports. Crafted with design and function in mind, handmade activity ball (think of it as a smaller basketball) stands up to years of play and even gets better looking with age. It's a super addition to any bookshelf. Black Nickel Cocktail Shaker ($24.95)
This cocktail shaker starts off with a smoky black finish and fades into grey. It's fashionable, functional, and — above all — easy to clean.
（1）Which of the following gifts would you like to choose if your brother loves football? A. Galactic Jewelry Box. B. Flamingo Catchall. C. Heritage Navy Leather Activity Ball. D. Black Nickel Cocktail Shaker. （2）What can we learn about the four gifts?
A. Galactic Jewelry Box is easy to clean. B. Flamingo Catchall can inspire people to start a topic.
C. Made by hand, Leather Activity Ball is fragile. D. Black Nickel Cocktail Shaker is the cheapest.
（3）What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To advertise gifts from CB2. B. To explain the functions of gifts. C. To sell products created by CB2. D. To strike a deal on fashion design. 【答案】（1）C （2）B （3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了CB2的礼物。
（1）考查细节理解。根据Heritage Navy Leather Activity Ball ($49)部分中的“It's a great gift
for the man in your life who loves sports. Crafted with design and function in mind, handmade activity ball (think of it as a smaller basketball) stands up to years of play and even gets better looking with age.”可知，如果我的兄弟喜欢足球，我会选择Heritage Navy Leather Activity Ball作为礼物。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Flamingo Catchall ($29.95)部分中的“Not only is it an awesome addition to just about any home, it's also a great conversation starter at dinner parties.”可知，Flamingo Catchall能鼓励人们开始一个谈话话题。故选B。
（3）考查目的意图。根据第一段中的“We've edited a list of some of our favorite gift ideas from CB2 so you'll know just what to get.”可知，本文是为了宣传CB2的礼物。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和目的意图两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生准确掌握细节信息的同时，需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
When he was young, Louis Armstrong was taking what was called “Creole jazz”, which was also called dance music, and combining it with trumpeter (小号手) Buddy Bolden, to create what would eventually become today's jazz.
Armstrong accomplished that with almost no formal training. He received little training before he was placed in the New Orleans Colored Waif's Home at the age of 12, after a run-in (小争执) with the police. The punishment turned out to be a mixed blessing, for he also had the opportunity to play in a real band.
While at the Waif's, Armstrong also got the chance to hear some of the city's finest musicians. Cornetist Freddie Keppard performed in a nearby club. So did trumpeter and bandleader, King Joe Oliver, who took the boy under his wing and taught him how to read music and work on his playing technique.
When Oliver left for Chicago, Armstrong chose to stay in New Orleans and work with some of the other top musicians of the day. In Chicago, King Oliver offered him a place in his band in 1922. It became Armstrong's biggest challenge yet — the band had no parts written for trumpet, so he was forced to listen to King Oliver and improvise (即兴创作).
Soon, Armstrong's undeniable talent was getting notice. Even classically trained musicians would come to hear the incredible sounds this young man created.
Lil Hardin, the bands piano player and the future Mrs. Armstrong, explains that Oliver kept Armstrong in the second trumpet-chair so that Oliver would still be “King”. Hardin convinced him to leave the band.
Armstrong moved to New York City in 1924 to join Fletcher Henderson's band and then flew solo. In 1925, Armstrong put together the Hot Five, expanding his popularity even more. Armstrong recorded his first composition, Cornet Chop Suey, one of the most copied jazz solos of all time. This monumental 1928 recording blends (混合) artistry, endurance and showmanship that has rarely, if ever, been matched in Jazz.
（1）What does the underlined word “that” refer to in the second paragraph?
A. To play dance music. B. To work with Buddy Bolden. C. To create modem jazz music. D. To play a jazz instrument well. （2）Who taught Louis Armstrong how to play music in the early time?
A. Buddy Bolden. B. Lil Hardin. C. Cornetist Freddie Keppard. D. King Joe Oliver. （3）Why did Louis Armstrong Leave King Oliver's band? A. Because he wanted to get married in New York. B. Because the man forced him to leave the band. C. Because he got a better opportunity in New York. D. Because his talent could not develop completely. （4）What's the main idea of the passage? A. It asks readers to know more about modern jazz. B. It introduces one of the greatest jazz musicians. C. It introduces the development of jazz.
D. It describes the importance of talent in playing jazz. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）D （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了音乐人Louis Armstrong学习音乐的过程。 （1）考查代词指代。根据第一段中的to create what would eventually become today's jazz.由此可知that指上段 “...to create what would eventually become today's jazz.”，故选C。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“So did trumpeter and bandleader, King Joe Oliver, who took the boy under his wing and taught him how to read music and work on his playing technique.”小号手兼乐队指挥King Joe Oliver也这么做了，他把小男孩放在自己的侧厅，教他如何阅读音乐，学习演奏技巧。故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“ Lil Hardin, the bands piano player and the future Mrs. Armstrong, explains that Oliver kept Armstrong in the second trumpet-chair so that Oliver would still be “King”. Hardin convinced him to leave the band.”可推断出Louis Armstrong离开King Oliver乐队的原因是因为他的才能不能得到完全发展，故选D。
（4）考查主旨大意。全文介绍Armstrong如何成为伟大的爵士音乐家，故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
Every year in America, high-school students who want to go to college take a national examination called the Scholastic Aptitude Test, or SAT in a shortened way. Their score is an important factor in determining which colleges will admit them or whether any will be admitted at all. The Scholastic Aptitude Test measures one's mathematical ability and use of the English
language. Traditionally, the English part involved grammatical questions and paragraphs that test reading comprehension.
But the SAT folks have added a single question, to be answered in an essay, hand-written on the spot. That's an interesting way to test writing ability, but content aside, have you ever seen young people's handwriting lately? Or anyone's for that matter, in this age of computer keyboards? Students write numbers and sign their names on bank checks. They scribble class notes in what can generously be described as the written word.
Yet today's kids are asked to write, thoughtfully and clearly, for several minutes on this SAT Test. Good luck to the text scorers who must work out difficultly the scrawl (潦草的字迹) of young people who've been typing on computers since the age of three! Teachers insist that good handwriting can not only help one's score on the SAT, but also, later on in life, impress potential employers. And don't forget, we all have to turn to handwriting from time to time, as computers go down when power goes out.
Then how to improve the handwriting? Well, with a few simple steps you can improve your hand writing.
Position the pen. You should hold the pen between the forefinger and the thumb, then rest it near the first knuckle (指节) of the middle finger. The rest of your fingers should be curled (卷曲) under your hand and your hand should remain relaxed.
Evaluate your writing. Make changes to your letters till you like how they look. Take your time. Speed is bound to make your writing messy-looking.
Practice. Practice it a lot; it's not enough to do it once and hope for the best. It has to be something you work at to make great improvements.
（1）The underlined word “scribble” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A. write quickly and roughly B. type simply and correctly C. paint clearly and neatly D. describe properly and well （2）According to Paragraph 3, students with good handwriting skill ________.
A. can pass the SAT B. can develop good characters C. can impress their classmates D. can get more job opportunities （3）Which of the following should you avoid when improving your handwriting?
A. Practicing writing a lot. B. Writing as fast as you can.
C. Relaxing your hand when holding the pen. D. Changing your letters till you like how they look. （4）The text is to present the fact that ________.
A. writing seems to be very important in the SAT B. those who will go to college have to take the SAT C. students should practice handwriting more often
D. kids don't know how to write in the computer age 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）B （4）C
【解析】【分析】SAT考试增加了书面表达，但当前学生不注重书写，所以此项改革会督促学生更多的练字。
( 1 )词义猜测题。结合划线部分的上下文，在计算机时代，学生手写的内容已经很罕见，只有一两个单词在行李箱或午餐包上，用来辨认物主，书法在其他场合就像嘟嘟鸟一样灭绝了，故推断学生在课堂上记笔记非常潦草，故选A。
( 2 )细节理解题。根据第三段提到Teachers insist that good handwriting can not only help one's score on the SAT, but also, later on in life, impress potential employers.可知，漂亮的书法不仅仅能在考试中帮助得分，还可以在今后找工作中给雇主留下美好的印象，故选D。 ( 3 )细节理解题。根据最后三段的标题Evaluate your writing；Take your time；Practice. Practice it a lot可知，没有提到B项，这是写作中应该避免的。故选B。
( 4 )推理判断题。由于SAT考试增加书面表达，但当前学生不重视书写，所以此项改革会督促学生更多的练字，故选C。
4．阅读理解
Weaving hammocks is an art that takes a sharp eye, a skilled hand and lots of patience. But in Lenwood Haddock's case, being blind works to his advantage. His trained, sensitive hands are acutely aware of every step of the process. Since beginning his craft in 1986, Lenwood has woven about 145, 000 perfect hammocks.
Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18, during a hunting accident. “My whole working career has been blind,” he says. He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks. On his first day of work. “I did a total of one hammock,” Lenwood recalls, laughing. “And then I came home and lay down to sleep. I lift weights, but I wasn't as tough as I thought until I started weaving.lt takes a lot of energy, and you're standing up all day.”
In time, however, Lenwood found he had a knack (窍门) for the job. At first he worked on-site at the company, but after a year Lenwood moved his operation to the home workshop where he had worked for 10 years during his woodworking days.
There, he creates dozens of hammocks each week from ropes in a variety of sizes. One day, he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his
shop.
The process of weaving a hammock involves making and catching hundreds of loops (环). A single missed stitch (织针) creates a hole that can widen and make the hammock uncomfortable or even dangerous to use. Experienced weavers miss loops sometimes, but to his company's knowledge, Lenwood has never turned in a hammock with even one dropped stitch. Lenwood's skilled fingers are quick to catch and fix any mistakes.
The company has acquired other brands and changed its name to The Hammock Source. Today, it is the world's largest maker and seller of hammocks, all built by hand.
However, Lenwood's routine has changed little. He works his fingers back and forth across the rows, looping the rope and pulling it. With every hammock, Lenwood presents himself a perfect product. “I'm not sure how sighted people do it,” he admits. （1）Lenwood stopped doing his first job because .
A. it was for people with good eyesight only B. the company failed to go on with its business C. the company didn't produce hammocks D. he was not skilled at doing woodwork （2）It can be learned from the passage that Lenwood .
A. has been blind all through his life B. used to work as a hunter to support his family C. was born in the 1950s with good eyesight D. has worked as a hammock weaver for 10 years
（3）What can we learn about Lenwood from the 4th paragraph?
A. He moved very often while he was working on a hammock. B. He had to make different ropes before he wove a hammock.
C. He had to stay 8 miles away from the worksite to complete it. D. He needed ropes of about 8 miles long to complete a hammock.
（4）What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. the success of the Hammock Source Company B. a blind craftsman who makes perfect hammocks
C. how to weave perfect hammocks by hand D. how to become a successful craftsman 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）A （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，因故双目失明的美国人Lenwood，用其训练有素，敏感的双手创造编织吊床的奇迹。
(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks.”可知，Lenwood十八岁时失明，后来找到第一份工作，但他所在的organization closed，虽没说具体原因，但没有再继续经营下去，故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。 根据第二段中的“Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18,”Lenwood在1973年十八岁时失明推算出来的，也说明在（1973-18=1955）1955年之前他的眼睛是好的。故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“ he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.”可知， Lenwood所用的计步器显示，他在店里织吊床总共来回行走8英里，由此可推断出他在工作时经常走动。所以选A。 (4)考查主旨大意。全文讲述了一位双目失明的工人Lenwood，凭借自己的训练有素、敏感的双手敏锐地捕捉到编织吊床过程的每一步，编织中过程甚至是经验丰富的织工也会出错，而Lenwood展示了一个个完美的吊床产品，创造了吊床编织的奇迹。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生在准确捕捉细节信息的同时，需要根据上下文，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，选出正确答案。
5．阅读理解
Bike Share Toronto is the city's official bike share program, designed to give locals and visitors a fun, affordable and convenient alternative to walking, taxis, buses and the subway. There are 200 Bike Share Toronto stations and 2,000 bikes across the city, making Bike Share the most accessible way to get around and explore. How it works
Become an Annual Member or buy a day Pass to access the system.
Find an available bike nearby, and get a ride code or use your member key to unlock it. Take as many short rides as you want while your pass or membership is active.
Return your bike to any station, and wait for the green light on the dock(停靠点)to make sure it's locked. Choose a plan For visitors
Day Pass: $7. Unlimited 30-minute rides in a 24-hour period. 3-Day Pass: $15. Unlimited 30-minute rides in a 72-hour period. For locals
Monthly Pass: $25. Unlimited 30-minute rides for a month.
Annual Membership: $90. Unlimited 30-minute rides for a whole year. The Annual Membership is the best deal for locals of Toronto and other frequent riders.
The first 30 minutes of each ride is included with the membership or pass price. Avoid extra fees by dropping off your bike every 30 minutes at any other station. If you keep a bike out for longer than 30 minutes at a time, you will be charged an extra $1.50 for the first 30 minutes over, $4 for the next 30 minutes, and $7 for each additional 30 minutes after that. Contact us
●Customer Service: (855)898-2388 ●Repair Service: (855)-2378 ●Corporation Partners: (855)898-2398 ●Employment Opportunities: (855)898-2498
（1）Which is the most suitable choice for locals in Toronto?
A. Day Pass B. 3-Day Pass C. Monthly Pass D. Annual Membership （2）How much will the extra fee be if you travel for two hours by bike?
A. $5.5 B. $9.5 C. $12.5 D. $15.5 （3）For more information about working at Bike Share Toronto, contact it at _________. A. (855)898-2399 B. (855)898-2378 C. (855)8989-2398 D. (855) 898-2498 （4）Which of the following statement is TRUE? A. A member can get a code or a key to the bike B. Bike Share Toronto is a non-profit organization C. Shared bikes have taken the place of other vehicles D. The green light on the dock shows the bike is unlocked 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）D （4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇广应用文，共享自行车多伦多是城市的官方自行车分享计划，旨在为当地人和游客提供一个有趣，实惠和方便的替代步行，出租车，公共汽车和地铁．本文以此展开，讲述了共享自行车是怎样运行，使用，收费的。
（1）考查细节理解。根据文中“The Annual Membership is the best deal for locals of Toronto and other frequent riders”一年一度的会员是多伦多当地最好的交易和其他频繁的骑手。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据\" If you keep a bike out for longer than30 minutes at a time, you will be charged an extra $1.50 for the first 30 minutes over $4 for the next 30 minutes. and s7 for each additional 30 minutes after that”如果你保持自行车超过30分钟你将被一个额外的1.50美元的前30分钟4美元在接下来的30分钟7美元为每个额外的30分钟之后。所以超过两小时,就是1.5-4+7=12.5,故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据“Employment Opportunities: (855)898-2498”就业机会打（855）898-2498，故选D。
（4）考查细节理解。根据“Become an Annual Member or buy a day Pass to access the system. Find an available bike nearby, and get a ride code or use your member key to unlock it.”系统是怎么工作的，成为一年一度的成员或买一天通过访问系统。附近找到一个可用的自行车,和搭车的代码或使用你的解锁的关键成员，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读。要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
Do you have a spare room in your house? What about a driveway for your car? Both of these can help you make money. Many people who are feeling the pinch are taking advantage of what's been called the “sharing economy”.
Perhaps the best-known example of a company in this field is Airbnb---an American web business which allows you to rent out your spare room to holidaymakers. It says it operates in 34,000 cities and it has over 1,500,000 listings.It seems to have concerned the market!
A British company is doing something with parking spaces. JustPark's founder, Anthony Eskinazi,
says,“When I had the original idea, Ispotted a driveway close to a sports stadium. It would have been so convenient if I could have just parked in that driveway rather than in commercial car park.” And he has a big clientele（客户）:around 20,000 people have advertised their spaces on the site, and he says around half a million drivers use it. There are other sites doing very similar things, like Uber and Lyft---these let drivers share their cars with other passengers. Any driver knows how valuable a place to park is .A church near Kings Cross in central London has apparently made over £200,000 by renting out space in its yard to travelers!
Because this is a new business world, those rules aren't there yet and many people are happy to share...as long as it pays!
But the sharing economy has its critics: the competitors of these new companies. People who run things like traditional B&B, commercial car parks and taxi services are afraid of ending up out of pocket. And there is another issue: regulations on these new business are unclear. How will renting out your driveway affect your neighbor?
（1）What does the underlined phrase “feeling the pinch” probably mean? A. Lacking in money B. Full of curiosity C. Willing to help others D. Unsatisfied with their life （2）Who may be against the sharing economy?
A. A taxi driver who can't find a parking place B. A priest in the church near Kings Cross C. A traveller who needs accomodiation D. A well-known high-end holiday hotel （3）Why are many people pleased to share according to paragraph 4? A. They can gain huge profits B. They needn't pay any fee C. There are few rules to limit them D. The new business has no risks （4）Which of the following words can best describe the booming business? A. Creative and developed B. Competitive but unpractical C. Effective and worrying D. Traditional and acceptable 【答案】（1）A （2）D （3）C （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一片应用文，介绍了一些能够获益的方法与例子．文中通过几个例子告诉我们只要能够用心观察每一处的机会，你就会成功从中获益。
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Both of these can help you make money”推出feeling the pinch指的是那些缺钱的人出租自己的东西来获取利润。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。在第二和第三段举了很多出租自己物品的例子，如：出租车司机，教堂里的牧师，旅行者。一家住房率很高的知名酒店肯定不需要共享。故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Because this is a new business world，those rules aren't there yet and many people are happy to share-as long as it pays!”这句话告诉我们这种共享经济由于是新事物而且没有规则约束，受到很多人的欢迎。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。文章介绍里一种出租自己闲置物品的赚钱途径即共享经济，可以带来利益，但在最后一段中的“regulations on these new businesses are unclear”对这个新行业的规
则还不明确。所以确定答案为Effective but worrying。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
In Shanghai's Grand Theater, a fashionable, mainly young audience applauds enthusiastically as Guo Yong takes center stage. He holds a large bushy tree branch with leaves. Blowing on one of the leaves, he produces a sound like the singing of birds as he plays a traditional Buyi folk song. Some other musicians are also playing the traditional instruments from various ethnic groups in China.
It's the first time such music has ever been performed in the Grand Theater. But all this is the efforts of Zhu Zheqin, a Cantonese-born singer; who has made it her mission to help preserve China's traditional ethnic music.
Several years ago, after being appointed a United Nations Development Program ambassador, Zhu traveled through some of China's remotest regions in an attempt to document the traditional music of various minority groups. In the course other four- month trip, she recorded more than a thousand songs. But she noticed that many of the best musicians were old, and some of the music was at risk of dying out.
\"I was shocked the beauty of what I heard-it was so good,\" she says. \"But it needed support. I hope to let people see the beauty of these things in the contemporary times.\"
So Zhu decided to introduce some of the musicians to a wider audience. By doing this, she hopes to rekindle (再次点燃) the interest of the younger generation. \"Young people don't like this music much; they prefer pop music and love songs. They think these songs are something their grandma sings. This kind of repackaging gives young people a new door into their heritage.\" Zhu believes China needs to look again at its own roots. \"China today is basically all Western art; in our conservatories (音乐学院) Western classical music is the top,\" she says. \"For China to really contribute to the world, we need to go on our own path. So what can represent China today?\" The answer, she suggests, is to move from \"made in China\" to \"created in China\". （1）From the first paragraph, we learn that ________.
A. the audience are all young people B. Guo Yong is playing the Buyi folk music
C. Guo Yong is the only minority performer on the stage D. tree branches make good musical instruments
（2）Which of the following is TRUE of Zhu Zheqin?
A. She teaches music in a conservatories. B. She is helping preserve Chinese ethnic music. C. She works as an official in the United Nations. D. She's created all the music for the Grand Theater.
（3）Zhu Zheqin traveled to some of China's remotest regions to ________. A. record the traditional ethnic music B. help the local musicians play the music C. show the UN Chinese musical traditions D. enjoy the music of various ethnic groups （4）What is Zhu Zheqin's idea about Chinese traditional music? A. It is completely out of date. B. Only old musicians play it well.
C. It needs changes to attract young people. D. It is quickly dying out. （5）What does Zhu Zheqin mean in the last paragraph?
A. The traditional music should be repackaged. B. Chinese conservatories shouldn't teach Western music.
C. China has contributed a lot to the Western art. D. Only the things created in China can be symbols of China. 【答案】（1）B （2）B （3）A （4）C （5）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了歌手朱哲琴将中国少数民族传统音乐整理再包装后向年轻人推广，并呼吁重视传统、找到真正能代表本民族的东西．
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Blowing on one of the leaves，he produces a sound like the singing of birds as he plays a traditional Buyi folk song”可知，Guo Yong演奏的是布依族的民族音乐。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But all this is the efforts of Zhu Zheqin，a Cantonese-born singer，who has made it her mission to help preserve China's traditional ethnic music.”可知，朱哲琴致力于保护中国的传统音乐。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Zhu traveled through some of China's remotest regions in an attempt to document the traditional music of various minority groups”可知，朱哲琴去中国偏僻地区旅行是为了尝试记录各个少数民族的传统音乐。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段朱哲琴的话以及第五段中的“This kind of repackaging gives young people a new door into their heritage”可知，为获得年轻人的兴趣，这些歌曲被重装包装了。因此推断朱哲琴认为传统音乐需要改变以便吸引年轻人的注意。故选C。
（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“So what can represent China today? The answer, she suggests, is to move from ‘made in China’ to ‘created in China'.”可知，最后一段谈到\"什么能够代表中国\"，然后又提出答案是由\"中国制造\"转变为\"中国创造\"，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．阅读理解
Climbing Without Ropes
The popular image of the mountain climber is of a person carefully climbing a steep cliff with a network of safety ropes, but it is not the only kind. Many climbers now enjoy bouldering. It's more accessible and better for the environment. What is bouldering? Bouldering is a sport that involves climbing on, over, and around boulders up to approximately twenty feet above the ground. Participants employ no safety ropes. Why boulder? •improve your climbing skills by focusing on basics Bouldering Terms •places to climb, such as crimp: a very small handhold climbing walls at gyms and foothold: a place where one may place a foot to aid in parks, easy to find •less time commitment to jug: a very large handhold that is easy to use bouldering than to mountain problem: The path up a boulder is referred to as the climbing •intellectual enjoyment problems Here is an example of a climber addressing a bouldering problem. Figure 1: The climber has two routes she could take, one to the left and one to the right. The left one appears easier because it has a jug within easy reach, but look what happens if she chooses that direction. She gets stuck on the rock and has to go back down. Sometimes that is even difficult than going up.
Figure 2: The climber takes the one to the right this time. using a foothold and placing her right hand in a crimp, she is able to life herself up and locate other handholds. After only a few moves, she is able to throw her leg over the top of the boulder and pull herself up.
and as one solves “problem” that one must solve. The “solution” is the physical sequence of moves one makes up and over a boulder. climbing boulder
（1）According to the passage, bouldering ________. A. is an indoor sport B. has no safety protection C. needs maps and equipment D. is a steep cliff climbing （2）Bouldering becomes popular because ________. A. it challenges the limits B. it costs less C. it builds minds and bodies D. it is a team game （3）According to the example, the right route is ________.
A. a shortcut B. a dead end C. tough but to the top D. lined with jugs 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍没有安全绳的攀岩运动。登山者的流行形象是用一根安全绳，一个人小心翼翼地爬上陡峭的悬崖，但这并不是唯一的一种。许多登山者现在都喜欢抱石。它更容易接近，也更适合环境。
(1)考查细节理解。根据What is bouldering?部分中的“Participants employ no safety ropes.”可知，bouldering没有安全感。故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。根据Why boulder?部分中的“improve your climbing skills by focusing on basics places to climb, such as climbing walls at gyms and parks, easy to find less time commitment to bouldering than to mountain climbing intellectual and physical enjoyment as one solves problems”可知，Bouldering变得受欢迎是因为它建立了精神和身体上的快乐。故选C。
(3)考查细节理解。根据“Figure 2：The climber takes the one to the right this time. using a foothold and placing her right hand in a crimp, she is able to life herself up and locate other handholds. After only a few moves, she is able to throw her leg over the top of the boulder and pull herself up.”可知，根据这个例子，右边的路线是艰难的，但能达到顶峰。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。
9．阅读理解
Learning, Fast and Deep
Over the past five years researchers in artificial intelligence have become the rock stars of the technology world. A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural(神经的) networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns, has proven so useful that skilled practitioners can command high six-figure salaries to build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google.
The standard route into these jobs has been a PhD in computer science from one of America's top universities. Earning one takes years and requires a personality suited to academia, which is rare among more normal folk. That is changing.
Last month fast.ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning. Since its foundation it has attracted more than 100, 000 students around the globe from India to Nigeria. The course and others like it, come with a simple idea: there is no need to spend years obtaining a PhD in order to practise deep learning. Creating software that learns can be taught as a craft, not as a high intellectual pursuit to be undertaken only in an ivory tower. Fast. ai's course can be completed in just seven weeks. To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn how to build AI software is the aim of Jeremy Howard, who founded fast.ai with Rachel Thomas, a mathematician. He says school
mathematics is sufficient. \"No. Greek. Letters,\" Mr. Howard intones, pounding the table with his fist for punctuation.
Some experts worry that this will serve only to create a flood of unreliable AI systems which will be useless at best and dangerous at worst. In the earliest days of the Internet, only a select few nerds, namely computer holies with specific skills, could build applications. Not many people used them. Then the invention of the World Wide Web led to an explosion of web pages, both good and bad. But it was only by opening up to all that the Internet gave birth to online shopping, instant global communications and search. If Mr. Howard and others have their way, making the development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind. （1）What can we learn about deep learning?
A. It replaces artificial intelligence. B. It attracts rock stars to practice. C. It scans patterns for large companies. D. It helps technicians to create software. （2）Fast. ai is an organization that .
A. ensures one to obtain a PhD B. teaches craft in ivory tower C. offers a course in deep learning D. requires weeks to apply
（3）The underlined words \"No. Greek. Letters\"in Paragraph 5 means doing fast.ai course is . A. easy B. difficult C. interesting D. boring （4）It can be inferred from the last paragraph that . A. it is quite reliable for anyone to grasp artificial intelligence B. the Internet has brought forth a flood of useless AI systems C. opening up to all leads to instant global search and online shopping D. simplifying software development may result in unexpected outcomes 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）A （4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人工智能的深度学习被证明很有用，霍华德和数学家托马斯一起创办的非营利性教育机构致力于让深度学习变得简单。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns…build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google.“可知AI技术的一个分支、运用神经网络处理大量数据并从中寻找模式的\"深度学习\"被证明非常有用，亚马逊、苹果、Facebook和谷歌愿意开出六位数高薪，聘请熟练的专业人员编写软件。这说明深度学习能帮助编写软件，故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Last month fast. ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning.“可知。上月，位于旧金山的非营利性教育机构 fast.ai 进入了它开办深度学习课程的第三年。也就是说fast. ai是一个提供深度学习课程的组织，故选C。
（3）考查句义猜测。根据五段中的”To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn …He says school mathematics is sufficient.“可知让深度学习不再神秘是杰里米·霍华德的目标，为此，他和数学家雷切尔·托马斯一起创立了fast.ai，让任何想学习编写AI软件的人都能学习
这门技术。霍华德说有中学数学知识就足够了。这说明fast.ai的课程很简单，仅需要中学数学知识。因此霍华德说\"No. Greek. Letters”没有，希腊，字母“是想说fast, ai的深度学习课程很简单。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”If Mr Howard and others have their way, making the development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind. “如果霍华德和其他人如愿以偿，那么让AI软件开发变得更容易将会催生出一批新的不同的果实。由此推断简化软件开发可能会导致意料之外的结果。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
10．阅读理解
Amazon Best Sellers: Best Books A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership-April 17, 2018by James Comey In his book, former FBI director James Comey shares his never-before-told experiences from some of the highest-risk situations of his career in the past two decades of American government, exploring what good, ethical（道德的）leadership looks like, and how it drives sound decisions. His journey provides an entry into the corridors of power, and a remarkable lesson in what makes an effective leader. Hardcover $17.99
12 Rules for Life: An Antidote to Chaos- January 23, 2018 by Jordan B. Peterson
What does everyone in the modern world need to know? Famous psychologist Jordan B. Peterson's answer to this most difficult of questions uniquely combines the hard-won truths of ancient tradition with the great findings of most-advanced scientific research. Hardcover $15.57
How to Read a Book: The Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading Revised Edition by Mortimer J. Adler, Charles Van Doren
With half a million copies in print, How to Read a Book is the best and most successful guide to reading comprehension for the general reader, completely rewritten and updated with new material. Originally published in 1940, this book is a rare phenomenon, a living classic that introduces and clarifies the various levels of reading and how to achieve them-from elementary reading, through systematic skimming and inspectional reading, to speed reading. Paperback $10.31
Everybody, Always: Becoming Love in a World Full of Setbacks and Difficult People- April 17, 2018 by Bob Goff Paperback $10.19
What happens when we stop avoiding difficult people and simply love everyone? In his wildly entertaining and inspiring follow-up to the New York Times bestselling phenomenon Love Does, Bob Goff takes readers on a life-altering journey into the secret of living without fear, care, restriction, or worry.
（1）If you want to become an effective leader, you can try ________.
A. How to Read a Book B. Everybody, Always C. 12 Rules for Life D. A Higher Loyalty （2）What do we know about How to Read a Book?
A. It is written by Mortimer J. Adler. B. It is completely the same as the original one. C. It has been published since 1940. D. There are many other books similar to it. （3）We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. All the four books are paperbacks. B. Paperbacks are cheaper than hardbacks. C. Jordan D. Peterson is the former FBI director. 【答案】（1）D （2）C （3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了亚马逊最畅销的几种书。
(1)考查细节理解。根据A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership-April 17, 2018 by James Comey部分中的“His journey provides an entry into the corridors of power, and a remarkable lesson in what makes an effective leader.”可知如果你想要成为一个有效的领导，你可以尝试A Higher Loyalty，故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。根据How to Read a Book: The Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading Revised Edition by Mortimer J. Adler, Charles Van Doren部分中的“Originally published in 1940”可知How to Read a Book最初于1940年出版，故选C。 (3考查)常识理解。平装本比精装本价格要便宜，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和常识理解两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考生朱雀掌握细节信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。
11．阅读理解
A Guide to the University
Food
The TWU Cafeteria is open 7 am to 8 pm. It serves snacks, drinks, ice cream bars and meals. You can pay with cash or your ID cards. You can add meal money to your ID cards at the Front Desk. Even if you do not buy your food in the cafeteria, you can use the tables to eat your lunch, to have meetings and to study.
If you are on campus in the evening or late at night, you can buy snacks, fast food, and drinks in the Lower Café located in the bottom level of the Gouglas Centre. This area is often used for entertainment such as concerts, games or TV watching. Relaxation
The Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxing, studying, cooking, and eating. Monthly activities are held here for all international students. Hours are 10 am to 10 pm, closed on Sundays. Health
Located on the top floor of Douglas Hall, the Wellness Centre is committed to physical, emotional and social health. A doctor and nurse is available if you have health questions or need
immediate medical help or personal advice. The cost of this is included in your medical insurance. Hours are Monday to Friday, 9 am to noon and 1:00 to 4:30 pm. Transportation
The TWU Express is a shuttle service. The shuttle transports students between campus and the shopping centre, leaving from the Mattson Centre. Operation hours are between 8 am and 3 pm. Saturdays only. Round trip fare is $1.
（1）What can you do in the TWU Cafeteria?
A. Do homework and watch TV B. Have meals and meet with friends C. Buy drinks and enjoy concerts D. Add money to your ID and play chess （2）Where and when can you cook your own food?
A. The TWU Cafeteria, Friday. B. The Lower Café, Sunday. C. The Globe, Friday. D. The Mattson Centre, Saturday. （3）The Guide tells us that the Wellness Centre _________. A. gives advice on mental health B. offers services free of charge C. trains students in medical care D. is open six days a week 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一则应用文．介绍了大学部分服务项目的情况。一是介绍了自助餐厅、咖啡馆，它们营业的项目及时间、地点等．二是可以让学生放松娱乐的地方，可以在这里自己做饭，组织一些活动等．三是关于健康保健卫生，学生可以去咨询有关健康保健的问题．四是学术支持中心．学生有什么写作、语法、词汇或其他学术问题可以填表登记预约．五是学校有班车来回接送学生往来于学校和商场之间，很是方便。
（1）考查细节理解。根据 Food部分中的“It serves snacks, drinks, ice cream bars and meals”可知在餐厅里你可以用餐；以及“This area is often used for entertainment such as concerts, games or TV watching.”可知在餐厅中的Gouglas Centre，学生可以进行演唱会，玩游戏等，也就是说在这里你可以和你的朋友见面。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据 Relaxation部分中的“The Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxing, studying, cooking, and eating.”可知在the Globe人们可以自己做饭的。以及“Hours are 10 am to 10 pm, closed on Sundays.”可知周日关门，其余时间开放。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据 Health部分中的“A doctor and nurse is available if you have health questions or need immediate medical help or personal advice.”可知在the Wellness Centre里，医生和护士会给你一些健康方面的建议。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
12．阅读理解
While your pet fish may appear to be unaware of your presence, chances are that it knows you extremely well and can probably even identify you from a crowd of human faces!
To test if this was accurate, some scientists decided to study archerfish（喷水鱼）. These animals don't have a sophisticated（复杂的）brain that is necessary to recognize the slight differences between human facial features.
They began by presenting four archerfish with images of two human faces. Initially, the fish spit at both. However, they soon learned spitting water at the one selected by the researchers earned them a food treat. After that, they focused primarily on that image. The researchers then took the experiment one step further by introducing 44 other human faces to the mix.
To the researcher's astonishment, the trained archerfish were able to recall the learned image almost 81% of the time. And this accuracy improved to 86% when the researchers made the identification even harder, by replacing the colored photos with a set of black and white images and hiding the shape of the head.
The results of the study suggest that though having tiny brains, archerfish may have developed high visual discrimination abilities. While it is contrary to the previous theory that a sophisticated brain is necessary to recognize human faces, the researchers believe they do not recognize faces by recalling complex facial information like gender and identity, but more likely by discriminating between detailed patterns. Even so, the fact that these archerfish could “remember” those faces demonstrates that they have an impressive memory for details that lasts much longer than the originally-thought 3 seconds!
This is not the first time researchers have realized how “smart” fish are. Previous studies have shown that fish can recognize those fish they have “socialized” with previously, and even recall complex three-dimensional maps of their surroundings. （1）What is the purpose of the study?
A. To describe archerfish are easy to teach. B. To tell people archerfish like to be rewarded. C. To prove archerfish can recognize human faces. D. To show archerfish can easily develop a habit.
（2）Why did the researchers use black and white images?
A. They could get these images easily. B. Archerfish got tired of color images.
C. They wanted to make the task more difficult. D. These images wouldn't get ruined by water.
（3）What conclusion did researchers draw in the study?
A. Archerfish have a 3-second memory. B. Archerfish could distinguish detailed patterns. C. Archerfish have a special form of communication. D. Archerfish could remember complex facial information.
（4）What can we infer from the text?
A. Fish are social animals. B. Fish are as clever as humans. C. Fish are able to tell different shapes. D. The results shocked the researchers. 【答案】（1）C （2）C （3）B （4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家对喷水鱼做的实验，实验表明鱼也很
“聪明”，它们没有复杂的大脑但是却有辨认面孔的能力。
(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段做的“While your pet fish may appear to be unaware of your presence, chances are that it knows you extremely well and can probably even identify you from a crowd of human faces!”和第二段做的“To test if this was accurate, some scientists decided to study archerfish(喷水鱼).”可知这项研究的目的是证明喷水鱼可以认出人脸，故选C。 (2)考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段做的“And this accuracy improved to 86% when the researchers made the identification even harder, by replacing the colored photos with a set of black and white images and hiding the shape of the head.”可知研究人员使用黑白图像是为了增加这项任务的难度，故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段做的“Even so, the fact that these archerfish could ‘remember’ those faces demonstrates that they have an impressive memory for details that lasts much longer than the originally- thought 3 seconds!”可推知喷水鱼可以辨别精细的图案，故选B。(4)考查细节理解。根据第四段做的“To the researcher's astonishment, the trained archerfish were able to recall the learned image almost 81% of the time.”可知研究结果令研究人员非常吃惊，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。
13．阅读理解
When you go to the doctor, you like to come away with a prescription．It makes you feel better to know you will get some medicine. But the doctor knows that medicine is not always needed. Sometimes all a sick person needs is some reassurance that all will be well. In such cases the doctor may prescribe a placebo.
A placebo is a sugar pill, a harmless shot, or ail empty capsule. Even though they have no medicine in them, these things seem to make people well. The patient thinks it is medicine and begins to get better. How does this happen?
The study of the placebo opens up new knowledge about the way the human body can heal itself. It is as if there was a doctor in each of us. The doctor will heal the body for us if we let it. But it is not yet known just how the placebo works to heal the body. Some people say it works because the human mind fools itself. These people say that if the mind is fooled into thinking it got medicine, then it will act as if it did, and the body will feel better.
Placebos do not always work. The success of this treatment seems to rest a lot with the relationship between the patient and the doctor. If the patient has a lot of trust in the doctor and if the doctor really wants to help the patient, then the placebo is more likely to work. So in a way, the doctor is the most powerful placebo of all.
A placebo can also have bad effects. If patients expect a bad reaction to medicine, then they will also show a bad reaction to the placebo. This would seem to show that a lot of how you react to medicine is in your mind rather than in your body. Some doctors still think that if the placebo can have bad effects it should never be used. They think there is still not enough known about it.
The strange power of the placebo does seem to suggest that the human mind is stronger than we think it is. There are people who say you can heal your body by using your mind. And the interesting thing is that even people who swear this is not possible have been healed by a placebo．
（1）What do we know about placebo according to the passage?
A. It contains some sort of medicine. B. It won't function if you are negative about medicine.
C. People who don't believe placebo can't be healed by it. D. Patients and doctors know clearly how it helps to heal the body.
（2）Why is the doctor sometimes the most powerful placebo?
A. The patient needs help badly． B. The patient believes in the doctor．
C. The doctor knows better about your body． D. The doctor has carefully studied medicine．
（3）What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A. The placebo. B. The bad effect. C. The body. D. The medicine. （4）What is the passage mainly about?
A. Placebo：Work on Your Mind B. Placebo：The Most Powerful Medicine C. Placebo：The Best Doctor D. Placebo：Heal Your Body 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）B （4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，有时候病人的病并不是需要真正的药物来医治，而是需要医生开一些安慰的药剂，安慰病人的心理使病人的情绪得到舒缓，从而有利于病情的痊愈。
(1)考查细节理解。纵观全文可知，一些医生仍然认为，如果安慰剂有坏的影响，它应该永远不会被使用，他们认为对安慰剂仍然没有足够的了解。所以此处的it是指的安慰剂。故选A。
(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“A placebo is a sugar pill，a harmless shot，or ail empty capsule．”可知安慰剂不会起到医学上的作用。故选B。
(3)考查细节理解。根据文章的描述有时候病人是不需要使用药物的，医生给病人开出安慰剂，病人觉得安慰剂有很大的作用是因为他们很相信医生。故选B。
(4)考查主旨大意。本文讲述的是有时候病人的病并不是需要真正的药物来医治，而是需要医生开一些安慰的药剂，这时候就会安慰病人的心理，病人的情绪得到舒缓从而有利于病情的痊愈。这被叫做安慰剂。通常是空的甜胶囊，作用于病人的心理，帮助他们调节心情，从而有利于病情痊愈。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
14．阅读理解
Notre-Dame, the cathedral (大教堂) that serves as one of Paris's most beloved monuments, is on fire. According to The New York Times, the fire began around 6: 30 p.m. local time, when tourists urgently rushed out of the building. While Andre Finot, a spokesman for the cathedral, told The Times, that the cause of the fire is still unknown and that no one has been hurt while damage to the building appears catastrophic（灾难性的）.
CNN reports that over 400 firefighters have been sent to fight the fire, but that they may be unable to save the cathedral. Built in the 12th century, Notre-Dame houses several relics important to Catholics (天主教徒). NBC News reports that relics from Saint Genevieve and Saint Denis may been lost, together with a relic believed to be from Jesus Christ's crown of thorns, but it states that authorities now believe that the cathedral has been saved from “total destruction”. Notre-Dame is visited by a reported 30, 000 people a day and 13 million people per year. Its destruction represents a global cultural loss. \"This is just horrible\producer and witness to the fire told The Times, speaking through tears. \"A thousand years of history is being wiped away. This belonged to the whole world, and now it's disappearing.\" French President Emmanuel Macron expressed his sadness on Twitter. \"Notre-Dame of Paris in flames,\" reads an English translation of his statement. \"Emotion for a whole nation. Thoughts for all Catholics and for all the French. Like all our countrymen, I'm sad together to see this part of us burn.\" Other politicians, including Melanis Trump, London Mayor Sadiq Khan, U. K. Prime Minister Theresa May also shared their sadness on Twitter.
（1）What do we know about Notre-Dame according to the passage? A.It has been completely destroyed by the fire. B.It's a huge political loss to the world. C.It's only meaningful to Catholics.
D.The reason of the fire remained to be found out.
（2）What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph imply? A.The history of France is destroyed because of the fire. B.The loss the fire caused is huge.
C.The damage of Notre-Dame is being wiped off. D.The cathedral has been saved from \"total destruction\". （3）What's the purpose of writing the passage? A.To report a disaster of Notre-Dame. B.To express people's sadness of the destruction. C.To emphasize the value of Notre-Dame. D.To show the concerns from the worldwide. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了举世闻名的法国巴黎圣母院发生火灾的相关信息。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“While Andre Finot, a spokesman for the cathedral, told The Times, that the cause of the fire is still unknown and that no one has been hurt while damage to the building appears catastrophic（灾难性的）”这起火灾的原因还不得而知,对建筑的破坏是灾难性的，并没有说建筑被完全破坏了。故选D。
（2）考查句义猜测。根据第三段中的“ Its destruction represents a global cultural loss ‘A thousand years of history is being wiped away. ’”可知,它的毁灭代表了全球文化的损失。Mohamed Megdoul说道：这很糟糕，一千年的历史就这样被破坏殆尽。wipe away“擦掉，破坏殆尽”。由此判断出这就话显示了火灾造成的损失是巨大的。故选B。
（3）考查写作意图。纵观全文可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，文章报道了举世闻名的法国巴黎圣母院发生火灾的相关信息。因此本文的目的在于报导巴黎圣母院遭遇的巨大灾难。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
15．阅读理解
A call came into Jimmy Gilleece's bar. A newly married woman, who had spent the afternoon at his bar, couldn't find her wallet. She didn't care about her ID, credit cards, or 150 in cash-but her wedding ring was inside.
Gilleece, 42, didn't like the idea that a theft could have occurred at his place. So he determined to find the wallet. He spent hours on videos from surveillance (监控) cameras, watching the woman's every step in the bar. Within minutes, a young man approached the bar, put something in his pocket, and walked off.
Gilleece posted a clip (视频片段) on the bar's Facebook page to find out who the young man was. Within hours, Gilleece got a text from 17-year-old Rivers Prather, who said he'd done it because he hadn't eaten in two days. He said he saw the ring but thought it was fake, so he took the money and threw the wallet into the ocean. Then he bought a sandwich.
Gilleece told the teen to meet him at the docks (码头). There they talked a lot and Gilleece knew that Prather was from a poor family. Seeing the teenager's small build, Gilleece thought he was more of a kid than a criminal. However, because of the missing ring, Prather could be put into prison.
Gilleece decided to help the kid. He hired two local divers to search the waters where the wallet had been thrown. More than an hour passed, with no sign of the ring. Gilleece grew worried. And then a diver popped up. In his hand was the wallet, and inside was the ring. When Gilleece called the wallet's owner, she burst into tears and immediately dropped the charge against Prather for stealing the ring.
（1）What did the woman value most in her wallet? A.Her ID. B.Her credit cards. C.Her money.
D.Her wedding ring.
（2）What did Prather do after getting the wallet? A.He kept the ring. B.He spent the money in it. C.He threw it in a dustbin. D.He returned it to the owner.
（3）Why did Gilleece help Prather? A.To teach the child a lesson. B.To meet the customer's demand. C.To save the forgivable child. D.To win back the reputation of his bar. （4）What would happen to Prather next? A.He would be sent to prison.
B.He would not be accused by the woman. C.He would get a job in Gilleece's bar. D.He would live a better life ever after. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）C （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Jimmy Gilleece的酒吧中一位女士丢失了钱包，钱包里有她最珍视的结婚戒指。Jimmy Gilleece找到了捡到钱包的年轻人Rivers Prather，但是Rivers Prather拿了钱包里的钱将钱包丢进了海里。Gilleece觉得Prather只是个孩子，于是决定帮助他，最终找到了戒指，Prather也被撤销了指控。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“She didn't care about her ID, credit cards, or 150 in cash-but her wedding ring was inside. ”她不在乎她的身份证、信用卡或150美元现金——但她的结婚戒指在里面，可知那位妇女最珍视钱包里的结婚戒指。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“He said he saw the ring but thought it was fake, so he took the money and threw the wallet into the ocean. ”他说他看到了戒指，但认为是假的，所以他拿了钱，把钱包扔进了大海，可知Prather得到钱包后，他把里面的钱花了。故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Seeing the teenager's small build, Gilleece thought he was more of a kid than a criminal. However, because of the missing ring, Prather could be put into prison.”看到这个少年的小个子，Gilleece觉得他更像个孩子，而不是罪犯。然而，因为丢失戒指，Prather可能会被关进监狱，可知Gilleece帮助Prather是因为他认为Prather是个可原谅的孩子。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“When Gilleece called the wallet's owner, she burst into tears and immediately dropped the charge against Prather for stealing the ring.”当Gilleece打电话给钱包的主人时，她哭了起来，并立即撤销了对Prather偷戒指的指控)可知接下来Prather不会被那个女人指控。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
16．阅读理解
The other day I was shopping at the local Chinese grocery store. There was a line at the fish counter, but only one staff person was there to take care of the customers. Some customers ordered quite an amount of fish for that staff person to work on. At last I was the second in line. All I wanted was a couple of crabs and should get out of there in no time.
Noticing it was very busy at the fish counter, another staff person came over to help. I was ready to be served, but the staff person went to the end of the line and began to help a couple of ladies with snail (蜗牛). The customers in front of me, being served, turned around and looked at me sympathetically and the customer behind me called to the staff person, “You should start here,” pointing at me. He was, well, ignored.
If someone asked me, \"What is the most important rule to follow in America?\" I would reply without hesitation. \"Wait your turn at all times.\" Wherever you go here in this country, you will find people waiting in a line quietly to get anything: whether in the supermarkets, department stores, bus stops, or gas stations, it's just a matter of waiting your turn. In a larger sense, \"wait your turn\" is more than just a guideline — it is a very basic rule that reflects the fundamental value of the western cultures. But in some situations your turn does not always come based on when you get there and how long you have waited in line, just like my case at the store. Even though this did not often happen, it did make me feel upset. （1）What happened to the author at the store? A.He was ill-treated by a customer. B.He wasn't served upon his order. C.He was asked to be served later. D.He was asked to do others a favor.
（2）What does the underlined word \"this\" in the last paragraph refer to? A.His belief. B.His culture. C.His experience. D.His rule.
（3）Why did the author write the text? A.To emphasize his kindness to others. B.To introduce some western cultures to us. C.To express his belief and his feeling. D.To show his disbelief in Queuing Rule. 【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在买螃蟹时排队很久，受到不公平待遇的经历，借此表现了西方文化的特点——要遵守次序，同时也表明了作者的感受和建议。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I was ready to be served, but the staff person went to
the end of the line and began to help a couple of ladies with snail (蜗牛).”可知，我准备好了接受服务，但服务员走到了队尾给几个想买蜗牛的 女士提供了服务，因此轮到作者的次序时，作者并没有得到服务。故选B。
（2）考查代词指代。根据最后一段中的“But in some situations your turn does not always come based on when you get there and how long you have waited in line, just like my case at the store.”可知，在某些情况下，是否能轮到你的次序并不取决于你几点到这里、排了多久的队，就像作者的情况一样，因此“this”指代的是作者的亲身经历。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了作者在买螃蟹时排了很久队却受到不公平待遇的经历。再根据最后一段中的“Even though this did not often happen, it did make me feel upset.”可知，作者认为这种经历并不经常发生，但仍使作者感到比较失望，表达了作者的想法和感受。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
17．阅读理解
As a gesture of friendship，Mayor Yukio Ozaki of Tokyo，Japan gave Washington, D.C a gift of more than 3,000 Japanese cherry trees on March 17,1912.Every spring, the cherry trees in Washington，D.C. take bloom(开花)，beginning one of the country's loveliest celebrations, the National Cherry Blossom Festival (March 17-April 15). Book your trip now to see this vibrant display of pink and white in this city full of history! Washington, D.C. Cherry Blossom In-Depth Tour Priee: $45/person Available: Mar.25-Apr.15 Duration: 1 Day
Highlights: Visit Washington， D.C.; experience the peak period of cherry blossom(April 8-12) Itinerary: Guests will start to celebrate the National Cherry Blossom Festival and discover the beauty of cherry blossoms. Next,we will begin our sightseeing city tour including Lincoln Memorial, White House, US Capitol, Madame Tussauds Wax Museum, Washington Monument and International Spy Museum. Then visit the next tourist spot, the Jefferson Memorial. It's the best location to view the cherry blossoms. Finally, guests may board a Potomac River cruise to see the city from the water. Then tour ends. Price Includes: Ground Transportation Admission Fees: Destination International Spy Museum(optional) Potomac River Cruise(optional) Adult Child $17(3-12yrs) $18(3-12yrs) Senior $20(Over 65 yrs) $23(Over 65 yrs) $21.95 $14.95(3-12yrs) $19.95(Over 65 yrs) $26 Madame Tussauds Wax Museum (optional) $23 Note: If you would like to join in the optional activities, please pay the fee in cash to the tour guide. You cannot buy the tickets on your own or use City Pass. The tour guide will arrange the
tickets for the group.
（1）On March 25,tourists___________. A. experience the peak period of cherry blossom B. have a discounted tour of a city full of history C. enjoy the National Cherry Blossom Festival D. witness the first day of the festival
（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Japan presented cherry trees to attract tourists to Washington, DC. B. The tour covers five tourist spots without admission fees. C. Admission fees can be paid in cash or with City Pass. D. Each tourist must choose at least one optional destination.
（3）It costs___________ for a 16-year-old student and his grandpa (aged 67) to go on the tour，with the wax museum included.
A. $110 B. $136 C. $133 D. $127 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国的国家樱花节的时间、景点、花费和注意事项。
（1）考查细节理解。根据Washington, D.C. Cherry Blossom In-Depth Tour部分中的“Available: Mar.25-Apr.15”可知在三月二十五日，游客们可以享受国家樱花节，故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。根据Itinerary 部分中的“Next, we will begin our sightseeing city tour including Lincoln Memorial, White House, US Capitol, Madame Tussauds Wax Museum, Washington Monument and International Spy Museum. Then visit the next tourist spot, the Jefferson Memorial,”可知城市旅游包括以上八个景点，根据Admission Fees表格中的内容可知International Spy Museum，Madame Tussauds Wax Museum和Potomac River Cruise这三个景点是需要付费的，所以有五个景点不需要付费，故选B。
（3）考查数字计算。根据Price: $45/person，以及表格中Madame Tussauds Wax Museum (optional) $23，$20(Over 65 yrs)可知一位十六岁的学生和他的爷爷参加这次旅行，包括蜡像馆，价格是45*2+23+20=133，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和数字计算三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
18．阅读理解
The University of Sheffield Back to its origin
The University of Sheffield is a research university in the city of Sheffield in South Yorkshire, England. It is one of the original “red brick” universities, which are a group of top and famous old universities. The University of Sheffield was originally formed by the combination of three colleges. The Sheffield School of Medicine was founded in 1828, followed in 1879 by the opening
of Firth College by Mark Firth, a steel manufacturer (制造商), to teach arts and science subjects. Firth College then helped to provide money for the opening of the Sheffield Technical School in 1884 to teach applied science. In 1897 the three institutions were joined together to form the University College of Sheffield, which in turn became the University of Sheffield by Royal Charter (特许) in 1905. This university is famous for its good education and boasts a number of Nobel Prize winners among its former students. More information
System: The University has five departments: Arts and Humanities; Engineering; Pure Science; Social Sciences; Medicine, Dentistry and Health. Sheffield also has many research programs in fields including aerospace, environmental science, psychology, and biology.
City show: Sheffield is a lively city in the north of England. Sheffield is known as the greenest city in Europe because of its 2 million trees. As a result, there are many parks and woods throughout the city and beyond. Sheffield is the greenest city in England with 150 woodlands and 50 public parks within the city. Once, in Sheffield, the folk hero—Robin Hood lived in Sherwood Forest with 150 of his loyal friends. And Charlotte Bronte, the English writer noted for her novel Jane Eyre was born in Sheffield.
（1）Sheffield is in the of England.
A. east B. west C. south D. north （2）Which statement about the University of Sheffield is not TRUE?
A. It has a good fame for many great graduates. B. It has a long history of more than 180 years.
C. It is one member of “red brick” universities. D. It owns different departments and research programs.
（3）What can we infer from the text?
A. Sheffield has very beautiful scenery. B. Charlotte Bronte is an English writer. C. Sheffield is the biggest city of England. D. Robin Hood is a character in Jane Eyre. 【答案】（1）D （2）B （3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了谢菲尔德大学的发展历史和学院设置，同时也介绍了谢菲尔德这座城市。
（1）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Sheffield is a lively city in the north of England”可知，该城市位于英格兰的北部。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“In 1897 the three institutions were joined together to form the University College of Sheffield ,which in turn became the University of Sheffield by Royal Charter in1905”可知，1905年这所大学才正式批准，故其历史不到180年。故B项错误，选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ Sheffield is known as the greenest city in Europe because of its 2 million trees. As a result, there ...within the city.”其中关键信息“ the greenest city in Europe”;“the greenest city in England”可以推断出是Sheffield有优美的风景。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
19．阅读理解
Sports are the base of my life, next to my mother who raised me when my dad left us. I have been into sports since I was six years old. I have known many coaches and heard hundreds of their tips, but they usually focused on drills to develop my skills and reach the next level of play. When I was in Senior Two, I met the new school basketball coach, Brian Pawloski. I thought I was certain to be selected for the school team since I had been in it the year before. I showed up to the tryouts and put out about 90% effort since I thought I'd make it with no problem. That was a big mistake.
Brian Pawloski is the hardest-working coach I have ever met. He didn't expect 100% effort, he expected 200% effort. One example: he once made us do 40 suicide drills for the 40 lay-ups (投篮) we missed in a game. Some think this is crazy, but it isn't. After this conditioning practice, as we were getting a cup of cold water to drink, I said, \"coach, that was the best practice I ever had.\" I was completely sincere. This man was and is the person who influenced me most at my high school. He expects us to be excellent not just on the court but in the classroom. If I am not working on basketball, I am reading a book that he thinks will help us better understand life's challenges, including Wooden, Coach, and The Screwtape Letters.
In the first two years I slacked off, not putting forth my full potential. Now, unlike the coaches of my youth, this man was interested in how he did off the court. He always made sure I kept up with my studies and was able to be trusted. I can honestly say that on other coach has given me so much advice on how to succeed in basketball, but more importantly, in life. My school is lucky to have such a great person to teach, coach and influence their students. I will always remember my high-school basketball days as one of the hardest times I have ever worked in my life not only in basketball but in my growth as an individual.
（1）Different from other coaches, Coach Brian ________.
A. concentrated on skill training B. trained the team to the edge of death C. expected the team to do well in their studies D. asked the team to do more reading than training
（2）The underlined phrase \"slacked off\" in the last paragraph probably means ________. A. paid no attention B. showed no interest C. had less passion D. made less effort （3）In the author's eye, Coach Brian is ________.
A. strict and helpful B. hardworking and honest C. skilled and cruel D. professional and serious 【答案】（1）C （2）D （3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者喜欢篮球，新学校的篮球教练布莱恩对自己的学生严格要求，全文叙述了对布莱恩教练的描述以及他和作者之间发生的事情。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“He expects us to be excellent not just on the court but in the classroom”，他希望我们不仅在运动场上而且在教室里要优秀。可知选C。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“not putting forth my full potential”没有尽我的全部力量，可知D选项的意思与此句相符，故选D。
（3）考查 推理判断。根据全文对布莱恩教练的描述以及他和作者之间发生的事情，可知他对自己的学生很严格要求，但与此同时，根据第四段中的“I can honestly say that no other coach has given me so much advice on how to succeed in basketball, but more importantly, in life，”可充分体现布莱恩教练helpful这一品质，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
20．阅读理解
Mrs. Jones was my first patient when I started medical school—and I owe her a lot.
She was under my care for the first two years of my medical training, yet I knew very little about her, except that she was thin, perhaps in her mid 70s. It might seem rather negligent not to know the basic facts of my patient ,but I had a valid reason—Mrs. Jones was dead, and had been dead for about three years before I made a patient of her. Mrs. Jones was the dead body that I dissected（解剖）over the first two years of my medical training.
Of course, her name wasn't really Mrs. Jones, but it seemed a little impolite to be conducting research into someone's body without even knowing its name, so out of courtesy, I thought she should have one. “Me and Mrs. Jones, we've got a thing going on,” went the song coming out of the radio as I unzipped the bag of her on my first day — and so she was christened.
As the months passed, I soon forgot that Mrs. Jones had, in fact, once been alive. One day, though, she suddenly became very human again. I'd been dissecting Mrs. Jones a good 18 months before I got around to the uterus（子宫）. After I'd removed it, the professor came up to me, “If you look at the opening carefully, you'll see that the angle indicates that this woman has had several children, probably three.” I stared at it, and I suddenly felt very strange. This woman, who had given me something incredibly precious that I'd begun to take for granted, wasn't a dead body. She was a person, a mother, in fact.
At my graduation, the same professor came over to congratulate me. I explained the story about Mrs. Jones to him, and recalled what he'd told me about her having children and how that had affected me all those years ago.
“Well,” he said, “at the beginning of your training you had a dead body and managed to turn it into a person. Now you're a doctor, the trick is to have a person and not turn them into a dead body,” and he laughed, shook my hand and walked away. （1）Why didn't the author know much about Mrs. Jones? A. Because he was irresponsible for his patients. B. Because he wasn't allowed to ask for her privacy. C. Because he didn't know her until she passed away. D. Because he was too careless while dissecting her. （2）How did Mrs. Jones get her name?
A. It was passed down from the seniors of my school. B. It came from a song being played when we first met. C. She was named after a well-known singer I liked best D. It just occurred to me when I opened the bag of her.
（3）What could be the author's feeling for Mrs. Jones now?
A. Grateful. B. Pitiless. C. Hateful. D. Guilty. （4）What did the professor imply by his words in the last paragraph? A. Medical students are able to bring the dead back to life. B. Being a doctor has nothing to do with the medical training. C. Good doctors never fail to save their patients from dying. D. Medical staff ought to have respect for life and humanity. 【答案】（1）C （2）B （3）A （4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了和琼斯夫人之间的故事，说明了医务人员应该尊敬生命和人道。
(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“It might seem rather negligent not to know the basic facts of my patient ,but I had a valid reason—Mrs. Jones was dead, and had been dead for about three years before I made a patient of her.”可知琼斯夫人在去世后，把遗体捐给了医学院，所以在她去世之前，作者并不认识她，故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“‘Me and Mrs. Jones, we've got a thing going on,’ went the song coming out of the radio as I unzipped the bag of her on my first day — and so she was christened.”可知当我们第一次见面的时候，收音机里正在播放一首歌《我和琼斯夫人》，她就这样被命名了，故选B。
(3)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Mrs. Jones was my first patient when I started medical school—and I owe her a lot.”可知现在，我对琼斯夫人充满感激，故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“he said, ‘at the beginning of your training you had a dead body and managed to turn it into a person. Now you're a doctor, the trick is to have a person and not turn them into a dead body,’ and he laughed, shook my hand and walked away.”可知教授说得这段话的意思是：“在你刚开始训练解剖尸体的时候，你要设法把尸体变成一个人。现在，你成为一名医生了，窍门就是不要把人变成尸体。”这名教授说得这些话暗含的意思是医务人员应该尊敬生命和人道，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。
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