Unit1……………………………………P2 Unit2……………………………………P4 Unit3……………………………………P7 Unit4……………………………………P9 Unit5……………………………………P11 Unit6……………………………………P13 Unit7……………………………………P15 Unit8……………………………………P16 Unit9……………………………………P22 Unit10……………………………………P24 Unit11……………………………………P25 Unit12……………………………………P28 Unit13……………………………………P30 Unit14……………………………………P32 Unit15……………………………………P35 Unit16……………………………………P37
English
Student’s Book 3
孟祥磊
嚴正聲明
本列印版及電子版嚴禁外借,謝謝合作
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UNIT1
1. The storekeeper _______ ten girls for the Christmas rush. 2. We'd better ______ a car for the weekend.
3. To _____ a car you must produce a passport and a current driving license. 4. The fruit is picked by ______ laborers.
同义词：employ / rent 反义词：fire
1. The pipe is 20 meters in ______. Long length strong wide 2. The pipe is 20 meters ______. High strength width height 3. At length we arrived at our destination.
Attempt v. & n.
1. The boys attempted to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents. 2. She made an attempt to cook the dinner.
3. A man is being questioned in relation to the attempted murder last night. 4. He succeeded on his first attempt. →逐渐
1. There has been a ____ increase in the number of families owning refrigerators. 2. She _____ got to know everybody.
Burst VI.
1. It was so cold yesterday that my water-pipes froze and burst. 2. He put too much air into the balloon and it burst.
3. The funny story made the children burst into laughter. 4. On hearing the sad news, she burst out crying.
Familiar adj.
1. French was as familiar to him as English. similar 2. I’m very familiar with your name.
Send in
1. More than 60,000 records are sent in to the book each year. 2. You must send in your homework on time. →set down / put down
1. Please set down the important phrases. 2. Set down your luggage and have a rest.
3. The price limits were set down by the government.
In a row
The soldiers stood in a row to welcome the officer. He won the champion six years in a row. →in the first/second place
I wouldn’t advise you to read the book because, in the first place, it is very difficult and, in the
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second place, it is rather dull.
My parents wouldn’t like me to go to that university in the first place.
→apply for a job/ position →centre on /upon
The discussion centers on the problem of pollution →concentrate on
You should concentrate (your attention/mind) on your study.
Impressive as the record is, it fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against disease. as conj.”虽然,尽管”
Young as he is, he knows a lot.
Young though he is, he knows a lot.
Though/Although he is young, he knows a lot. Tired as they were, they walked on.
Poor as he was, he was honest. Child as he is, he can do it well.
Much as I admire her, I can’t excuse her fault. Try as I may, I don’t think I’ll succeed.
as引导让步状从,必须倒装作表语的形容词或名词（必须省去单数可数名词前的a/an）﹑副词状语或动词原形。 Review
1.____________, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John. A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so much C. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much
2._______he is, he seldom shows his precious coins to others. A. Coin-collector as B. As a coin-collector
Answers:1.c 2.a C. A coin-collector as D. Coin-collector that
Exercise
beard hire length attempt suitable gradual burst globe familiar 1. Mary’s dress is not the right ______; it is too short.
2. We ________ to carry out the plan, but failed.
3. It has been raining heavily for a week in a row and the river has ______ its banks. 4. This song sounds _______, but I just can’t remember its name. 5. The change was so ______ that we hardly noticed it.
6._____ you will get used to living here. Don’t be worried. 7. Employers usually decide within five minutes whether someone is _______for the job. 8. Why don't you _______ out your spare room to other people, and earn some money?
Exercise make for be diagnosed with keep track of stand out
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1. Early rising ______ good health.
2. Well, that dress will make you ____ in the crowd. 3. I’m sorry to hear that he _____cancer.
4. The editors of the book set down the records and _______ them in other ways. 5. He couldn’t escape because the police________him.
Exercise
〖复习what引导的从句〗
1. People have heard what the President said; they are waiting to see ____ he will do. A. how B. what C. when D. that
2. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. which B. that C. where D. what
3. The other day my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed. A. as B. what C. that D. which
4. I think father would like to know _____ I have been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how
5. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just _____worries the public. A. Why B. which C. that D. what
6. The boy dived into the water and after ______seemed to be a long time, he came up again. 7. People were perhaps more honest a long time ago when life was very different from ____ it is today.
8. ______ is Britain now used to be three different countries and over many years the three countries became one.
9. In some countries, ______are called “public schools” are not owned by the public. A. which B. as C. that D. what
10. --The basketball team is in the playoffs. I will watch it on TV. Do you want to come over? ---Actually I have a ticket, but I am not feeling well. You can have it for ____it cost me. A. that B. which C. how D. what
Unit2
Important words & phrases Various key Asian African navy treasure suggest refer praise in the name of in exchange for set sail in return apart from refer to run out 1. Various adj. Variety n. Vary v. →a variety of
1. There are various colors to choose from.
Aircraft chairman bring up 4
2. People change their mind for a variety of reasons. 3. Teaching methods vary from school to school. 2. Key n. & adj.
We have a key to the door.
The key to success is hard work.
→a key man / a key university →key words/ key points →the keys of a piano →keys to the grammar exercises
3. Suggest VT. N. suggestion
1. He suggested a two-day-long stay in Beijing on the way home. 2. My father suggested calling for a doctor at once.
3. The dentist suggested that she (should) come another day. 4. Her expression suggested pleasure./that she was pleased. →make a suggestion
I suggested he ___ (go) for a walk.
2. He suggested the meeting _____ (put off) to next week.
3.The smile on the boy’s pale face seemed to suggest that he ____ (be) happy to have given his life for his country.
Answers: 1.go 2. be put off 3.was 4. I accepted his suggestion that I____(be) calm.
4.be 5.do 6.talking 5. My suggestion was that you____(do) it yourself.
6. I suggested _______(talk) her out to dinner for a change.
4. refer referred
1. A person refers to a dictionary to find the meaning of the words.
2. I knew the lady was referring to Bill when she spoke of a bright young boy. 3. Don’t refer to your sister as a silly cow! Review
1. In his speech, he ______ to a recent trip to Canada. prefer occur infer suffer offer 2. Marcia had _____ to him as a dear friend. 3. He often ______ briefly to his notebook.
4. This author begins by _____ to the early history. 5. Do not _____ to me in your speech.
5. Praise n. & vt.
1. Praise makes good man better and bad man worse.
2. The leader spoke in praise of the man who had given his life for the cause. 3. The mayor praised the boy for his courage. 6. Apart from
1. Apart from them, I had no one to talk to.
2. Apart from me, there are ten other people at the meeting. 3. Apart from him, everyone is happy. 4. Apart from salary, it is not a bad job.
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7. Run out → give out vi. →run out of →use up vt.
1. All our supply of food has run out. 2. His strength ran/gave out. 3. We are running out of water. 4. Her patience gave out long ago. 5. All those I had are used up.
8. Make it
1. If we run, we can make it.
2. I never thought Clare would make it as an actress.
3. Frank was very ill and the doctors didn’t think he’d make it.
4. Kids who can’t make it to the event get a personal visit from Kenneth. 5. Let’s make it Sunday
Exercise
①1. I wish I could do something for you _______.
in return in turn 2. Answer the questions ______.
3. I gave him a present, but he gave me nothing ________. 4. We went ______to be examined by the doctor.
②1. Difficulties and hardships have____the best character of the young geologist. 2. The sale _____ over $ 200.
bring up bring out bring in 3. I was ____ by my grandparents.
4. He was so ill that he ____ everything. The company is going to _______more equipment.
③With the money _____, we were in despair. Answers:running out run out of giving out used up
④ in the name of /in exchange for / set sail / in return/bring up /apart from / refer to /run out 1. The suit fitted him well ___ the bright color. 2. I have offered to paint the house ____a week’s accommodation. 3. All the children ___ in the small village, dating from 1802.
4. I am afraid we won’t be able to go much farther, for the gas ___. 5. He didn’t expect anything ___ for his help.
6. The chairman spoke at the conference for nearly an hour without ___ his notes. 7. I help him with his English study,___ he helps with my math. 8. He attended the party ______his father. ⑤1. His answer ______ me.
puzzle puzzling puzzled 2. It’s quite a _____ to us why he didn’t come.
3. I am ______ by his failure to reply to my answer. 4. His face wore a ______ expression.
5. The situation was more _____ than ever.
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Unit 3
Important words & phrases Fellow claim govern fence strengthen differ pronunciation mine outdoors birthplace entire as a consequence (of) break out feed…on round up keep out
1. govern/government / governor
1. It’s really not easy to govern a country 2. You should govern your temper.
3. The continent was governed by the white settlers. 4. The Government is / are planning new tax increases. 5. The new governor will come into power next month.
3. Differ/ different/differently/difference 1).differ from…in… 2).be different from…
3).difference between A & B
4).make a / no / some difference (to sb. / sth.)
She differs from me in many ways. It makes no difference to me what you say; I’m not going.
Answer: where That’s _______we differ.
Review differ / different / differently / difference 1. Chinese ____ greatly from Japanese in pronunciation. 2. It will make no ____ whether he’ll come or not tomorrow. 3. There are many _____ between living in a big city and living in the country. 4. They sometimes have _____ ideas about living, working and playing. 5. They sometimes think ____ about living, working and playing.
4. Pronunciation/pronounce 1. What is the ______ of this word?
Explain describe explanation description 2. This word has two ________.
3. She knows a lot of Spanish words but ______ them incorrectly. 4. In the word “know”, the “k” is not ____.
5. Entire/entirely
The entire class will be there.
Due to bad cold she spent the entire day in bed. He wrote the entire play in only two weeks.
He had almost entirely forgotten what he had done.
6. Outdoors outdoor=out-of-door
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1. There is an _____ concert tonight in the Grand Palace. 2. Is it cold _____? 3. The ____ cinema is very popular. 4. He spends much of his time ____.
7. Feed…on
Their mothers can’t afford to feed them on meat and fish every day. What do you feed your dogs on? Pigs will feed on just about anything. It feeds on a certain kind of fish. Cows feed on hay.
→feed wheat to cattle=feed cattle with wheat →feed plants with fertilizer
8. Round up
He had sought work as a cowboy, rounding up cattle.
The guide rounded up the tourists and took them to the bus.
The sheepdog rounded up the sheep and drove them through the gate.
9.Keep out/…back/off/on/up(with)/away from
1. We kept away from the fierce dog. 2. You’re keeping something back from me; what is it? 3. Keep off the grass. 4. He kept on till the work was finished. 5. They have shut the door and mean to keep us out. 6. We’ve kept up our friendship for over 20 years now. 7. She has difficulty keeping up with the rest of the class.
Exercise
strengthen strength strong
1. It’s going to be some time before I recover my full ______. 2. He did exercises to ______ his muscles.
3. He has a _____ desire to meet you.
4. I could see a young man running towards me, ____ and healthy.
5. His visit is intended to _______ ties between the two countries.
break out; break into; break up; break down; break away from; break in
1.The robbery suspect _____ the lockup (拘留所). 2. The peace talks are said to ________. 3. The car______ halfway to the camp.
4. It's her usual habit to ____ with some ideas of her own. 5. The thieves _____ the office and stole some money. 6. Fire ____ in the kitchen.
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7. The crowd started to _____when the night fell.
Unit4
Important words & phrases Merely rose wealth nowhere altogether appearance expense latter look out for on a large scale year after year pass away name…after… in detail 1.Merely=only
I said it merely as a joke． This is merely the beginning．
2.nowhere adv.无处；任何地方都不 Nowhere have I been these days. He was nowhere to be found.
It’s a waste of time. It gets you nowhere.
3. Expense /expensive →at one’s expense →at the expense of
He had the book printed at his own expense.
He built up a successful business but it was all done at the expense of his health. →cut down the expenses
4. Appearance/appear/disappear/disappearance 1. My appearance at the party was not very welcome. 2. Her appearance is homely, but she has a heart of gold. 3. He made his first public appearance when he was ten. 4. The sun disappeared behind a cloud.
5. Look out for
Look out for George, or we shall miss him. When you’re eating fish, look out for bones. Look out! The car is coming here.
When crossing the road, look out for cars. Review 1.look into; 2.look on; 3. look forward to; 4.look down on/upon； 5.look through 6.look up; 7.look up to; 8.look over 1. Schoolboys usually _____ great athletes.
2.____ the word in the dictionary. 3. There are some papers I have to ____. 4. She is ____ her notes before the exam.
5. There were signs everywhere warning people to _____ falling rocks.
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6. Small boys usually ____ little girls and refuse to play with them. 7. Your complaint ________; when we have anything to report we will write to you soon. 8. Most people _____ a television set as a necessary piece of furniture. 9. I ________________ seeing you as soon as possible. Answers: 1.look up to 2.look up 3.look through 4.looking over 5.look out for 6.look down on 7.is being looked into 8.look on 9.am looking forward to 6.most大多数 most students /most of the students mostly adv. 主要地，大部分地, 通常； 相当于 mainly, chiefly almost adv. 几乎, 差不多 Review
1. It is ______ kind of you to help me.
2. _______ all the students attended the meeting. 3. This is a ______ useful reference book.
4. _____ of the Americans use their cars _____ for their job. 5. The audience consisted _____ of women. 6. My friends are ______ basketball fans.
7. Sight
→lose one’s sight
What a beautiful sight!
→see the sights of Beijing →at first sight →at the sight of →catch/get sight of →in sight/out of sight
• I recognized him at first sight. • They ran away at the sight of the police. • Out of sight, out of mind.
Important words & phrases 1试图做某事 1.make an attempt to do sth. 2 分类 2 classify sth. into sth. 3有求知欲 3 have an appetite for 4 大规模 4 on a large scale 5乍一看 5.at first sight 6 从事 6 be involved in 7 以……为基础 7 be based on 8 被……任命 8 be appointed (as )… 9 当心 9 look out for 10 出生于富贵家庭 10 be born into a rich family Exercise
Later/latest/latter/lately/ late/latter
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1. Of these two men the former is dead，but the _______ is still alive．
2. They have equipped the office with the ________ business machines. 3. What have you been doing _______? 4.______ we learnt that this wasn’t true at all. 5. We shall have to hurry or we’ll be ____ for the bus. 6. She was an admirer of the ____ president. Answers: 1.latter 2.latest 3.lately 4.later 5.late 6.late on a large scale year after year pass away name…after… in detail 1. They are preparing for war _________. 2.________ I have had a letter from Arthur on New Year’s Day.
3. He has been in low spirits since his father ______. 4. The girl was ____ Julia ____ her mother 5. He described the day’s events ______.
Unit 5
Important words & phrases Loss blame broadcast post figure nowadays nephew waitress take… into consideration in charge (of) hand in hand get across appeal to keep an eye out for point out make sense
losslose lost
1. The loss of my watch meant that I had to buy a new one. 2. His unfortunate death was a great loss to the firm. 3. The loss of my competition disappointed my parents greatly.
4. When asked about the matter, I was totally at a loss. Review
1. I cannot find my watch；I must have ____ it. 2. I tried hard not to ____ a word of his lecture. 3. Our team ____ the football match. 4. We shouldn't ___heart. We may have another try.
5. The ___ of sight made his life harder.
6. ____ in thought, she did not hear my calling.
blame
1. They blamed the failure on George. 2. They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan.
3. The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident. blame sb for sth/doing sth
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blame sth on sb sb. be to blame Review
1. Many children are afraid of ___for making mistakes in speaking English.
2. I feel it is your husband who ____ for the spoiled child. 3. He ___his failure on his teacher.
figure
1. I could see a tall figure near the door.
2. This figure increases to 72 percent during summer vacation. 3. What a fine figure of a man! 4. I'm not good at figures.
5. Let's figure out a way to help.
Exercise loss, blame, broadcast, post, figure, nowadays, nephew, waitress 1. As a ____ in this small restaurant, she takes her job seriously. 2. ______, advertisements can be found everywhere in any big city. 3. The BBC _________ every day.
4. The names of the members of the team will be ______ up today.
5. ____ for not being able to hand in homework on time, he felt ashamed. 6. I have one niece and two _______.
7. This football game was ___live on TV across Europe. 8. I am at a _____ to understand those remarks.
9. You should take pride in your health and your ______. Answer:1.waitress 2.Nowadays 3.Broadcasts4.Posted 5.Blamed 6.nephews7.Broadcast 8.loss9.figure take sth. into consideration
1. Your teacher should take your recent illness into consideration when marking your exam. considerate adj. considerable adj.
2. It was really considerate of you not to play the piano when I was sleeping. 3.They bought the house at considerable expense.
be in charge of & be in the charge of →take charge of →free of charge
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→charge sb with sth = accuse sb of sth 经理不在时他管理这个超市。 他们免费得到了两张票。 警察控告他谋杀。
Unit 6
Important words & phrases Quit biscuit goat nail beyond ox burden anxiety shallow tax anniversary granddaughter deliver tough packet ray apply to add up lose heart take it easy keep up go for common sense leave behind lose one’s way come to an end tie up 1. Quit vt. (quitted / quit, quitting) I've quit my job.
He has not quit smoking, but is holding down to three cigarettes a day. 2. beyond prep. adv.
What lies beyond the mountains?
It's quite beyond me why she married such a heavy smoker. The fruit is beyond my reach. Don't stay there beyond midnight. 3. Burden n., vt.
→bear / carry / shoulder a heavy burden He could not carry the burden alone. He was always a burden to his parents. I will not burden you with my troubles. He was burdened with a big family. 4. Deliver vt.
He will deliver a speech tomorrow. I know the boys who deliver newspaper every morning.
The doctor delivered the woman of twins this morning. 5. Apply vt., vi. (applied, applying)
→apply… to… / apply for →apply oneself / one’s mind to Review
① ___a theory___ practice
② You should ___ what you’ve learnt ___ daily work． ③ The newcomer ____ himself___his job. ④ I am continuing to ____ jobs.
→apply… to… / apply for →apply oneself / one’s mind to ① A nurse is ___some medicine ___his wound. ② I want to __the job.
④ Students should ____ their study. 6. Add vt., vi.
→add up /add up to /add…to … /add to Review ① I should __that we are very pleased. ② ____these figures, please.
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③ The money he spent __ more than ＄1000. ④ ___ fuel___ the flame ⑤ Fireworks ____ the attraction of the festival night. 7. Lose heart
→ lose one’s heart to sb.
① Don't ___, all will turn out well. ② He ____the lovely girl the first time he saw her. 8. take it easy 别紧张，放松点
Take it easy, there is nothing serious.
Take your time, there is still 15 minutes to go. → take one’s time 慢慢来，别急 9. Keep up
The good news keeps our spirits up． He decided to keep up his research． If this rain keeps up, the crops will be ruined. →keep out/ off/ on/ away from / up with ① Keep ___ the grass! ② This coat keeps ___ the wind. ③ He just kept ___ writing. ④ Don't run — I can't keep ____ you. ⑤ Keep ____ the scene of the accident. 10. leave behind / out / for /alone ① Leave that box ___! ② I’ve left my coat ___ in the bus. ③ You’ve made a mistake---you’ve left ___the letter. ④ He left ___ the station a few minutes ago. 11. →sth. come to an end → bring sth. to an end → put an end to sth 12.
Much to the students’ relief, the exam was put off.
Under /In no circumstances must a soldier leave his post. I'm not accustomed to getting up so early.
Exercise biscuit goat nail beyond ox tax ray granddaughter deliver packet 1. He hammered a _____ into the wall and hung a picture on it.
2. The appearance of the ____ indicates that the environment is better. 3. Which doctor _____ the baby?
4. Do you know the man __ the speech? 5. This work is ____ my ability.
6. I pay __out of my wages every month.
7. A _____ is a daughter of one's son or daughter. 8. This is a ____ of 20 cigarettes. 9. Oxen is the plural form for ____.
10. A ____ of light pierced the darkness. 11. The situation was ____ her control.
12. Children are fond of ____ because of their flavor.
Unit 7
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Important words & phrases handwriting overcoat admit clap foolish powder standard shadow noble indeed goose care for leave alone in want of badly off close up have an eye for as follows of late 1. Admit vt & vi (admitted, admitting)
This ticket admits two people to the football match. He was admitted to Beijing University. The cinema admits about 2000 people. 承认；供认
He admitted his crime. 他从不承认自己错了。
He never admits that he is wrong. 约翰已承认打碎了窗子。
John has admitted breaking the window. 2. Clap VT &VI clapped
The nursery teacher clapped her hands to attract the children's attention. When the singer finished, we clapped.
3. Care for I don’t care for standing in Who is to care for me when I’m She cares for the children as if they were her own. care about I don’t care about what he I don’t care about money or what people call position. 4.leave/let sb/sth alone不管 Go away and leave me Leave that vase alone or you’ll break it.
The child was afraid of being left alone at home. The boy can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk. 5. In want of=in need of
The factory is in great need of skilled workers. I’m in desperate need of money. 6.
→badly off ; →worse off; →worst off →well off; →better off; →best off
They don’t seem too badly off---they have smart clothes and a nice house. They were pretty poor but most of their friends were even worse off.
The government says that people are better off now than they have ever been. 7. Close up The road has been closed up.
The teacher asked the children to close up to each other.
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clerk queues. old? does. alone. Take it easy. The wound will close up soon.
8. as follows 如下
The words of his grave read as follows:”By his death, one of England’s greatest writers is lost to the world.”
The results are as follows. 9. Of late
What have you been up to of late? lately; recently
10.employee职工, 雇员, 店员 employer雇主, 老板
interviewee被接见者, 被访问者 interviewer会见者 11. Standard
→living standard →the standard of living Your work is not up to the standard. →set a high standard for one's work adj.普通的；平常的；标准的 →standard sizes一般尺寸 →standard time标准时间 12. Conscience 良心
His conscience troubled him after he took the money. 他拿走了钱以后，他的良心使他不安。 →according to one's conscience凭良心
→have a bad (guilty, an evil) conscience 有愧于良心， 内疚 →have a clear [good] conscience问心无愧 13. Wage
His wages are $460 a week. 他的工资每星期460美元。
He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. 14.anyway adv.无论如何, 总之 I shall go and see him anyway. 无论如何我要去看他。 7. foolish愚蠢的
It's foolish to idle away one's precious time. 把大好时光浪费掉是愚蠢的。 It was very foolish of you to park the car near the bus stop. 9. Abundant adj. 丰富的, 充足的 →an abundant harvest丰收 →an abundant year丰年 The country is abundant in natural resources. 这个国家天然资源丰富。
12.occupy vt.使忙碌；使从事 ；占有 →be occupied with →occupy oneself with 从事于..., 忙于..., 专心于...
Helen was fully occupied with business matters, so we didn’t want to bother him. The seat has been occupied.
The rich only occupy themselves with making money and had no eye for the needs and welfare of the workers。
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→to occupy space占空间 →to occupy a position占位置 →to occupy time占时间 14. a striking contrast鲜明的对照 There is a striking new picture hanging in the town hall.
Unit8
1. P65 (Wang Lei) Reading something in English, I always get stuck when I come across a new word. Get + p.p.
Cleaning women in big cities usually get ___ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 2. P66. (Zhao li )Learning English is fun. fun [U.] n.------ 区别funny adj.
Seeing monkeys in the zoo is of great fun. What fun it is to have a game after work. May you have great fun. in fun= for fun 娱乐, 消遣
He couldn’t say such a serious thing for fun. Look at the funny person with a strange hat on. (滑稽可笑）
3. Instead we learnt or acquired our mother tongue by communicating with…(p66.para1) 4. Some believe that we are equipped with a special ability to learn language and that our brain adjusts itself to the language … (p67.para1)
5. and that what we are born with is a general ability to learn and adapt, not a language specific…(p67.para1)
6. Regardless of their theories … (p67.para1)
7. The less anxious and more relaxed the learner, the better their language acquisition. … (p67.para4)
8. We should try to adopt some of the study habits and characteristics described above. … (P67.last Para)
7. We may find that learning a foreign language does not have to be twice as hard as learning our mother tongue. … (P67.last Para.)
Integrating skills
9. But it is enough to broaden your horizons and improve your understanding. …(p71.para2) 10. Many parents worry about the safety of their children and may also be concerned about the cost.
3. Instead we learnt or acquired our mother tongue by communicating with… (p66.para1) 1） acquire.“取得，获得”指通过漫长的过程逐步获得或学到。 e.g. She acquired a knowledge of French. He has acquired a good knowledge of history in these few years. 2）acquired adj. 获得的, 后天的 Drinking is an acquired taste for him. 3) Acquisition n. 获得
He devotes his time to the acquisition of knowledge.
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4. Some believe that we are equipped with a special ability to learn language and that our brain adjusts itself to the language … (p67.para1)
sb be equipped with . 本身具有（必要的学问、能力之类。) The children are equipped with some special skills. 5. (1)adjust (oneself) to vt.使自己适应。
E.g. She soon adjusted (herself) to his way of life. We will have to adjust ourselves to new conditions. (2) adjust+名＋(to sth.) （为配合而）调整；调 节…，校正… E.g. Will you please adjust the clock? It’s slow. You can adjust this desk to the height of any child. 6. And that what we are born with is a general ability to learn and adapt, not a language specific… (p67.para1) Adapt.
(1) Adapt (oneself) to Vt.
=adjust oneself to 适应……
E.g. He is quick to adept (himself) to new circumstance. (2)adapt+sth.+(to sth.).
E.g. He could not adapt his way of life to the company.
(3)改编，改写；修改……(为……用）
E.g. It is hard to adapt this story for children.
要将这小说改编为适合小孩子很困难。
7. We should try to adopt some of the study habits and characteristics described above. … (P67.last pa.) adopt:
(1)采用；采取（计划、方法、措施等）；采纳 议案、意见等）；吸取，采用（外国语词）。
E.g. Our school has adopted a new teaching method. We’d like to adopt your idea. (2)收养（某人）
E.g. They are not my real parents, I am adopted. (adopted son/daughter 养子/ 养女)
8. Regardless of their theories , …(p67.para1) regardless of 不顾，不管。
E.g. He says what he thinks, regardless of other people’s feeling. 他想到什么就说什么，毫不考虑别人的感受。
The coal boss risked making money regardless of workers’ safety.
9. The less anxious and more relaxed the learner, the better their language acquisition. … (p67.para4)
The+比较级……,the+比较级……,越…...就越……
E.g. The more novels you read, the more you want to read. The harder you study, the more you can learn.
The easier the text is, the happier they will be.
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10. Many parents worry about the safety of their children and may also be concerned about the cost.
1)concern oneself about/for sth.某人（为……)担心 sb be concerned about/for sth.某人（为……)担心. She is concerned about her son’s future.
2)concern+oneself+with/in 使（某人）与……有关系；使关涉；使参与 Sb be concerned in sth.某人与……有关：某人参与 …… E.g. She concerns herself with/in social welfare. He is concerned in the new project.
3) as (so) far as…be concerned 就……而言。
As far as I am concerned, I cannot object to your marriage. 4).concerning prep. 关于
He likes to refer to something concerning Chinese history. (4) Concerned adj.
“关心的，关切的，忧 愁的”，放在被动修饰词之前; “有关的”，放在被修饰词之后。
a concerned expression 忧愁的表情 the authorities concerned 有关当局 Exercise
1. Gradually they ___experience on how to guide the word. A. learned B. acquired C. inquired D. achieved
2. Don’t believe in him; he was __with the ability to tell lies. A. born B. equipped C. supplied D. fixed
3. The life here is really very difficult, to tell you the truth, I haven’t completely __to it
yet.
A. agreed B. fitted C. adjusted D. adopted
4. Alice’s father had her ___because he couldn’t look after her himself. A. raised B. fed C. supported D. adopted
5. The old couple decided to ___a boy and a girl though they had three of their own. A. adapt B. bring C. receive D. adopt
6. As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn ____. 我认为，教育就是关于学习的事情， 你越学得多，你对生活就准备的越充分。 A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you are C. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life 7.___we do for the people , ___we feel. A. The more; the happier B. The less; the happier C. The much; the happy D. more; happier
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8. She ___her life ___to save the drowning child. A. risk; to try B. risked; trying C. risks; trying D. risked; to try
9. He has read the text again and again but still can’t make ___ of it. A. meaning B. idea C. opinion D. sense
10. Of all my friends I like Li Ping best, ___, he is my favorite friend. A. or rather B. in fact C .in other words D. similarly
11. In order to improve my spoken English, I read___ English ___. A. everyday; every day B. every day; everyday C. everyday; everyday D. every day; every day
12. If you don’t try your best to learn all subjects, you will ___ behind. A. stay B. leave C. fall D. remain 13. One learns a language by making mistakes and___ them. A. correct B. correcting C. corrects D. to correct
14. Don’t ___ a risk to climb this mountain; it is too steep. A. make B. take C. have D. set
15. In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go ___.
A. our holiday will be better B. our holiday will be the better C. the better our holiday will be D. the better will our holiday be Answers: BACDD BADDC ACBBC Important words & phrases dictation stick anxious everyday patience pile operation level junior senior ie data make progress make sense of in other words take/run a risk experiment with piles of put an end to fall behind more than regardless of be equipped with broaden/enlarge one’s horizons acquire knowledge/ skills/ a language This is indeed the case 1. Stick n (c) v.
1) The old man walked leaning on a stick. 2) I found a nail sticking in the tyre. 3) I stuck a stamp on the letter.
4) I always get stuck when I come across a new word.
5) The car stuck /was stuck/got stuck in the mud and we could not go on. stick out 伸出；探出 His stomach sticks out.
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His front teeth stick out. stick to 坚持, 遵循；
1)If you stick to the truth ,you have nothing to fear. 2) stick to one’s post/opinion/theory/ the rules get stuck get paid get drunk get burnt get married used to get lost get hurt get dismissed get broken 2. Anxious adj anxiety n We are all anxious about/for his safety.
People all over the world were anxious to have peace. They are ______ to enter for the competition.
He was waiting for his brother's return with _______. 3. everyday every day This is an ________ dress.
We attend class ________ besides Sunday. 4. Junior /senior adj.（常与to连用） 1) She is junior to me by five years. 2) He is three years junior to me.
3) He has a junior position in the company. 4) John Smith Junior is the son of John Smith. 5) junior/senior middle school n. She is my junior by three years. 5. ie
that is (to say) In other words
I soon find the work I was doing had already been done by someone else , in other words, I was wasting my time. have a word with sb. have words with sb. keep one’s word word for word in a word Word came that… 6. Make great /little /much progress
1) He has made great progress in spoken English. 2) The ship made slow progress in the snow. 3) The building of the house is in progress . 7. Experiment with
1) He is experimenting with new methods of teaching.
2) Many people protest against experimenting on animals 8. Make sense of 搞清……的意思 Can you make sense of what he says? make sense 有意义，讲得通 What he said doesn’t make sense.
9. Broaden one’s horizons/ knowledge/mind
Strengthen, sharpen, widen, lengthen, and deepen. 10. Take a risk /risks, run a risk
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• at risk=in danger
• at the risk of doing sth.
• risk doing {being defeated / killed / dismissed ) She risked her life to save the drowning child.
She tried to save the drowning child at the risk of losing her life. 11. Fall behind leave behind
You must study hard in order not to ______ behind others. Check your things in order not to ______ anything behind. 12. 1) more than多于,超过, 不仅仅, 极其.
① Learning a foreign language is obviously more than just memorizing words, phrases and structures.
② Daisy is more than twenty years old.
③ We were more than happy to hear of your success. ④ We were more than a little sad to hear the news. 2) More…than…与其说……不如说 He is more mad than stupid. 3) no more than 不过, 仅仅 He is no more than 6 years old.
4) No more… than…比…更不…, His school education added up to no more than one year. He is no more fit to be a minister than a school boy would be. He is no richer than I.
5) The more … the more (less)… 越…越(不)…
The less anxious and more relaxed the learner, the better their language 〖翻译〗
1.你学习越努力, 你的进步就越大.
2.这本书我越读越不喜欢.
Unit9
Important words & phrases Income hopeless clinic pressure tailor bench jar devotion unfortunate incident significance lay off make matters worse make ends meet 1. Income n.
What is your income from your job? →income tax
Low-income families need government help. →have an income of $2,000 per month
2. Pressure n. →pressure cooker
Do not put much pressure on the handle, or it may break. He works well under pressure. →the pressure of modern life.
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3. Devotion n. devote v. →devote oneself to doing →be devoted to dong
→devotion to the cause of education →devotion to duty
→the devotion of one's time to scientific research 4. unfortunate unlucky fortunate lucky unfortunately unluckily 5. Incident
Were there any exciting incidents during your journey? In a recent incident two bombs exploded. Xi’an Incident
6. significance n.意义, 重要性
What is the significance of this speech? →of no [little/great] significance →a significant speech →significantly
7.lay off（临时）解雇
In one firm alone over 300 people were laid off during the last month. →a laid-off worker
The doctor advised the manager to lay off for a couple of days.
8. to make matters worse=to make things worse =worse still= what’s worse The car had broken down and to make matters worse, it was beginning to rain. 9. Make ends meet
With high taxes and his small income, Henry had great difficulty in making both ends meet. 10. Chemist
________(化学) ________(化学的) 1) Buy some medicine at the _______. 2) Please go to the ______.
3) Our _______ teacher is Ms Li.
4) A _____ change differs from a physical change. 11.make ends meet: 使收支相抵;量入为出
E.g. Being out of work and having two young children, they found it impossible to make ends meet.
Unit10
Important words & phrases penny bakery mailbox bell rare carpet haircut baggage pale anyhow shave comb flash attend to take pride in at length do up let down fix sth on/upon sb 1. Weep [wi:p] vi.
She wept when she heard the bad news.
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→weep oneself [one's heart] out 2. Furnish vt.
She rents a furnished flat.. \"The room was furnished with the simplest essentials, a bed, a chair, and a table.\" 3. Approve. vi
I don't approve of wasting time.
He didn’t approve of her haircut. Congress approved the budget. 4. Anyhow adv.
不管怎样, 无论如何, 反正 Anyhow I don’t like it. You won’t be late anyhow.
It sounds crazy, but I believe it anyhow. 5 .flash VT., VI. n.
A driver is not supposed to flash his lights at the coming vehicles. Did you use flash when you took these pictures? My mind flashed back to last Christmas.
The idea flashed into his mind.这念头突然闪过他的脑海。 The days flashed by.光阴似箭。 6. Attend to VT.
She attended to her cheeks with the powder rag. He always has many things to attend to. When I am away ,would you please attend to my dog for me? 7. in rags
The man in rags is Bush. 8. Take pride in =be proud of 9. Do up
Do up your buttons. He did up his house
She did her hair up as quickly as possible. (Dress up)
He did up the present for her in a red wrapping paper 10. Fix sth on/upon sb
→fix one's attention /eyes/mind on /upon
1) Thousands of eyes are fixed on the Tiananmen rostrum. 2) Tom tried to fix his mind on the job at hand 3) He found her eyes _______ on the clock.
4) She was sitting there with her eyes _____ (fix)on the clock. 5) She was sitting there with her eyes _____ (look) at the clock. 11. At length
Della compared various gold watch chains at length until she made up her mind. At length he came back.
We’ve already discussed the matter at great length Exercise
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1. She won’t go with you because she ___________the baby
2. I am sorry to _______you _______ but I really can’t do anything now 3. They ____________their son’s success
4. They spoke___________about the situation before making the decision. 5. Alex tried to_____his mind ________the job at hand
6. The present___________in yellow wrapping paper when it arrived Answers: 1. is attending to 2.let down 3.took pride in 4.at length 5.fix On/upon 6.was done up Uint11
1. Criterion /criteria
What criteria do you use to accept people as friends? What are your criteria for judging a bottle of wine? 2. Stick with sb/sth
If you do not want to get lost, you’d better stick with me. Do you stick with your friends through thick and thin? →be/get stuck
The car got stuck in the mud.
I got caught with this mathematical problem. Can you help me. →stick to →stick out
3. through thick and thin 同甘共苦，不畏艰险
Do you stick with your friends through thick and thin? He remained loyal to the King through thick and thin. 4. pull (sth/sb)out of (sb/sth)
What is the moment for you to pull out of a friendship? →pull out (of)（火车）出站
The train pulled out of the station on time. →pull in进站
.5 reputation 名声，名气，名誉
This restaurant has a good/bad reputation. →live up to one’s reputation 不负盛名
Win/earn/build up a reputation树立声誉，博得名声 A man of good/no reputation 6. Suspect sb./sth /that clause sb of sth/ doing sth
We suspected their honesty.
The police suspected that Bill did it. The police suspected him of murder. 7. For the sake of →for sb’sake We must do something for the sake → of peace. I will help you for your sister’s sake. For God’s sake will you stop that noise? 8. in reality
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→in fact →in actual fact →as a matter of fact Actually We thought he was serious but in reality he was joking.
9. The dog wagged its tail in expectation of a bone.那条狗摇着尾巴,巴望吃肉骨头。 →a young artist with great expectations →beyond one’s expectation(s) →live up to one’s expectation(s) 10. keep an eye on keep a close eye on keep an eye out for catch one’s eye in the eyes of the law in one’s eyes have an eye for believe one’s eyes 11. Make compromise with sb
I would rather die than compromise.
The interior decoration of the house is a compromise between Chinese and foreign styles. 12. Excite vt. Adj. n. 1) What he said ____ me.
2) His lecture ____ my interest in the film.
3) The ____look on his face suggested it was ____ news. 4) Tom arrived at home, ____ and tired. 5) To my ____ , I was elected monitor. 13. Take …into account take…into consideration consider 1) Taking his age into account/Considering his age, he did quite well. 2) We should take into account that we have not enough money. 14. Embarrass
Meeting adults ______ the shy child. He wore an ____ expression.
I don’t like to make speeches at public. It’s so ____. She smiled with _____. 15.as a whole作为整体
1) We must examine the problems as a whole.
on [upon] the whole大体上; 基本上; 总的看来On the whole, I was satisfied with your work. 16. Congratulate
→congratulate sb. on/upon sth/doing sth →congratulate oneself
→congratulations on/upon sth.(to sb) 17. Live up to
→live up to one’s reputation →live up to one’s expectation →live up to one’s promise 18. Shame
What a shame that it rained today. →shameful act →a shameless liar
She was ashamed to ask such a simple question.
19. Wherever he goes, he readily accommodates to new circumstances. The flat can accommodate a family of ten people. 20. Decline
I declined their offer of help.
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He declined to answer the question His health is declining.
They wish that prices would decline. →the decline of the Roman Empire 1. Is it necessary to work with others? It is necessary (for sb.) to do sth.
It is necessary that you (should) get up early. necessarily
Big men are not necessarily strong men. 2. What if….?
What if he comes back? What if she finds out that you have lost her book? 3. be familiar with →be familiar to I am familiar with the name. The name is familiar to me. 4. Be counted as
I count him as a friend.
The old friend was counted as a member of the family. 5. Contribution n. Contribute v.
→make contributions/a contribution to
1) The professor often contributes to the journal. 2) Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health. 3) He often contributed to the church.
6 There are few occasions’ ______members are confused or uncertain of their roles. 1) There are times/There is a time_____ such things are necessary. 2) I will never forget the years ____I spent in the countryside. 3) We are in a position _____ we may lose a large sum of money. 4) And there’s a point _____ I’d like your advice.
5) I will never forget the places ____ I visited last week.
6) Can you think out a situation _____ this idiom can be used? 7) I’ve come to the point_____I can’t stand her arguing any longer. 7. Respond to
How did Jack respond to your suggestion? Would you respond to my question? 8 as with/ as for/ as to
As to the journey, we must decide about it later. She had no idea at all as to what she ought to do.
Nick can stay, but as for you, you can get out of my sight. As for going back---that is out of the question.
As with sports teams, group work can only be successful when group members respect each other.
As with young birds, the time comes for the young to leave.
9 make the best of充分利用,尽力而为 make the most of充分利用 →make ( the best /full)use of充分利用
We must make the most of the fine weather./ the chance to learn. We must learn to make the best of a bad job.
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The girl didn’t like to wash dishes, but she made the best of it 10 However, which was not what she had in mind.
→have sth./sb. in mind →bear /keep sb/sth in mind记住 →bear/keep in mind that Bear in mind that the price does not include flights.
We have no vacancies now, but we will certainly keep your applications in mind. 11.It took me a lot of time and efforts to qualify as a doctor but I got there in the end. Taking that kind of attitude will get you nowhere.
It is a good idea but it will get nowhere without more financial support. Exercise
One, that, those
1) The population of China is larger than ___ of Japan.
2) The books bought from this shop are cheaper than ___ bought from that one. 3) This is an exciting moment, ___ I will never forget.
4) Few pleasures can equal ___ of a cold drink in hot summer.
Unit12
1.be strict with →be strict in/about
This company is very strict about punctuality. Strictly speaking, spiders are not insects. 2. Compulsory
→nine years of compulsory education →compulsory subjects
3. The World Education Forum →readers’ forum
Beijing Summit of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation 4. Commitment
I've taken on too many commitments. 我承担的义务太多了。 He made a commitment to pay $50000 to Red Cross →commit sb to do/doing sth →commit a mistake →commit murder/suicide 5. To begin with---to start with
We can't go. To begin with, it's too cold. 6. be sceptical about/of sth.对某事怀疑
Many scientists remain sceptical about the value of the research program. 7. Tend, tendency
→tend to do sth=have a tendency to do sth
Sally tends to interfere in other people’s business. Jean has a tendency to talk too much. Prices are tending upward.
8. be absent from →absence/presence →be present at All the people present here are students.
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I’ll be in charge of the class during his absence from school. 9. Drop out of
A lot of girls drop out of school every year 10. Expand, expansion
The business has expanded from having one office to having twelve. The writer expanded his short novel into a long one. Heat causes the expansion of gases. 11. Distribute, distribution
→to distribute books to students
How people are distributed can also affect the education system. →population distribution 12. Donate
The businessman donated a lot of money to the hospital. →donate blood to a blood bank 13. Curriculum
→the engineering curriculum. 机械专业课程 The subject is not included in the curriculum. 14. Ministry, minister
→the Ministry of National Defense →the Ministry of Education →the Ministry of Foreign Affairs →the Prime Minister 15. The firm decided to computerize its wages department.
16. The Red Cross is an international charity. 红十字会是个国际性的慈善机构。 She helped him out of charity. 她出于慈善帮助他。 a charity performance 义演 17. They are similar in many aspects. The building has a southern aspect. 18. He is a lawyer by profession.
Teaching is a profession. →a professional painter →professional knowledge专业知识 19. Another car parked alongside ours. We brought our boat alongside. 我们把船靠边。 We like to use these two books alongside each other.
20. He advocates building more schools. 他主张多建几所学校。 →an advocate of peace 拥护或提倡和平的人 Our premier advocates higher salaries for teachers 21. The bottle is labeled poison. People labeled him as a liar. 人们称他为撒谎者。 Label your luggage.
22. I haven't been able to obtain that book. 23. It’s evident that you are tired. 24. I was selected for the team.
She lets her son select his own Christmas present. 25. It suits me if you come to work at eight o'clock. That dress suits you. That'll suit me fine.
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I’m not suited to/for the job
26. There is a restriction against smoking in schools. Press freedom is severely restricted.
The sale of alcohol is restricted to people over the age of 18. 27. The next thing on our schedule is to telephone our friends. The task will be finished ahead of schedule if nothing prevents. 28. The presentation of the plan surprised everyone. I’ll give you a presentation of the text. 21. Take /make measurements
→take sb’s measurements (=measure sb)the measurements of the room cf. take measures word study absent not present compulsory obligatory, required standard something used as a rule or model curriculum subjects taught in a school/college distribute give out, spread out, put into groups tendency eaning expand make/become larger skeptical unwilling to believe something, doubtful commitment pledge, undertaking load something that is carried, heavy weight
Unit13
1. Considerate
→a considerate man
→ be considerate towards/to sb →adv considerately
He thinks of things considerately.
Our mother is considerate towards us. 2. coincidence 巧合/巧合的事
It can’t be a coincidence that four jewelry stores were robbed in one night My mother is called Anna, and by coincidence his mother is also called Anna. What a coincidence that I was in Paris at the same time as you! My ideas coincide with his.
2. It can’t be a coincidence that four jewelry stores were robbed in one night 3. Prescription 药方；处方的药
The doctor wrote me a prescription for medicine for my cough. What's your prescription for a happy marriage? (喻) 你认为幸福婚姻有什么秘方? →prescription drug 处方药品 4. Investigate n. investigation
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The police are investigating the robbery.
He has been investigated and found innocent. → under investigation
→make an investigation of/on/into sth 5. Theft, thief. steal
He was put in prison for theft. commit theft 行窃
The thief who stole the money was sent to prison. 6. Stubborn
She won't do what I ask - she's very stubborn. →a stubborn illness 顽疾
→as stubborn as a mule 像骡子一样顽固; 非常固执的 →a stubborn problem 棘手的问题 7. enquiry=inquiry n enquire=inquire v.
“Are you getting married?” the television interviewer inquired? He inquired of me about our work.
He refused to answer the policeman’s inquiries. 7. Assistance
→ with the assistance/aid/help of sb come to sb.'s assistance 援助 Can I be of any assistance to you? →assist sb. with sth. →assist sb. to do sth. →assist sb. in doing sth.
8. Guilty adj. guilt n. innocent innocence →be guilty/innocent of a crime
The jury found him guilty/innocent of murder. I felt guilty about forgetting his birthday again. →have a guilty/clear conscience问心有/无愧; →sense of guilt
9. Suspicion n. 怀疑，涉嫌 suspect n嫌疑犯，可疑对象 v.怀疑Suspicious adj. →under suspicion 被怀疑 →suspect sb of sth/doing sth →become suspicious of sb 10. Convince sb of sth
It took many hours to convince the court of his guilt. →convince sb that
He convinced me that I should study law.
We convinced Anne to go by train rather than plane. be fully/half convinced 充分相信［半信］ 11.assume 假定；假设;承担，假装 Let’s assume this to be true.
I didn’t see your car, so I assumed you had gone out.
Andy assumed an air of indifference when her name was mentioned
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assume a leading position 担任领导职务 assume responsibilities 承担责任 12. Commit a crime/a mistake →commit murder/suicide/theft →make a commitment 13. Straightforward/roundabout Don’t speak in a roundabout way. Please be straightforward. Don’t beat about the bush. Exercise
1. Our president paid an i_________ visit to an African country. 2. Mary’s wedding r__________ was held in a famous hotel. 3. She is ____________ （考虑周到的）towards others. 4. Take this _____________（药方）to your local chemist’s.
5. To do the job, you must have at least a b__________ degree in chemistry 6. When she discovered the t_________ of her bag, she went to the police. 7.The police are making __________（ 问询）about the murder.
8. After stealing the money, the boy suffered from a g________ conscience. 19.The donkey is a __________ （倔强）creature. 10. He c________ me that I should study law.
11. What a c______! I didn’t know you were going to be in Geneva too! 12. The football game had been c____due to rain.
13.We ________（假定）that you understood the situation. 14. I am i_______ of the crime. I should be set free.
15. Don’t speak in a r_______ way. Please be straightforward. Exercises:
1. The Chinese film,____ Tang Dynasty is well received by many foreign viewers.
A. is set in B. setting in C set in D. be set in 2. It’s ____ of you not to smoke with guests present. A. considerable B. considerate C .considering D. considered 3.__ no one has thought of this before.
A. I astonish that B. I am astonishing C. It astonishes me that D. It is astonished that 4. I find it quite___ that none of you likes the play.
A .astonished B. astonishment C. astonishing D. astonish 5.__, it had completely disappeared.
A. To my astonishment B. Astonishing C. Being astonished D. Astonished
6. It was hard to __ you that we could not afford a new car. A. persuade B. suggest C. convince D. advise 7. I ___ that we were doing the right thing. A. was believed B. was convinced C. was no doubt D. persuaded 8. John did quite well in his exams____how little he studied.
A. to consider B .considering C. considered D. having considered 9. By a strange ___ we happened to be traveling on the same train. A. coincidence B. coincide 10. I have been making some ___ about it.
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A .inquiry B. inquiries C .inquire D. enquire
11. The meeting is beginning at 8 o’clock. ___ let’s make some preparations for it. A. However B. Meanwhile C. While D. During 12. Those who suffer depression are likely to ___ suicide. A. do B. make C. take D. commit
13. The discovery of new evidence led to ___.(2003上海)
A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught
Answers: CBCCA CBBAB BDC
Unit14
1. zoology zoologist zoological biology 2. get hold of 抓住，拿住
→catch/get/grab/take/seize hold of
Sometimes a small animal can help the police get hold of thieves. I threw the rope and he got hold of it. 3. Transparent
透明的 ；明显的;无疑的；易懂的;清楚的 Glass is a transparent material.
→a transparent lie →a transparent style of writing 4. Tell apart
a. In order to tell the bees apart, he painted some bees with little dots of color. b. 6. over and over again /again and again/over and over/time and again
c. The only way to remember all the new words is to read it over and over again. d. The twins are so much alike that we can hardly tell them apart.(这对双胞胎长得
太像了，我们几乎分不出来谁是谁。)
5. Over and over again /again and again/over and over/time and again
The only way to remember all the new words is to read it over and over again. 6. surrounding /surroundings环境n. →the surrounding towns
It took me a few days to get used to the new surroundings. 7. Troop
n. 一群一队 a troop of visitors troops 军队
The enemy troops have been driven out of the country. Troop vi.群集, 结队, 成群而行
The students trooped behind the teacher into the museum. They trooped behind the first dancer, copying his movements. The game was over and the players trooped home. 8. assumption假定, 设想, 担任, 承当
Von Frisch assumed that the dance conveyed more information.
To find out whether his assumption was correct, he set up two feeding places.
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His assumption of power was welcomed by everyone.(掌权） 9. Semicircle
Semi- 半,不完全地 semi-transparent semi-conductor semi-automatic semi-tropical 10. apparent 明显的；显而易见的；明白的;外表的；表面上的（evident) It was apparent that he knew nothing about how to repair cars. Her apparent indifference made him even more nervous. 11. come to light暴露被发现,众所周知
When the old man died, it came to light that he was actually very rich. The robbery did not come to light until the next day. Another astonishing fact came to light. →bring sth. to light 揭露，使 为人所知 发掘出来,让人知道
Some little-known details of his early life have been brought to light.
The detective, through his investigations, brought to light many important clues. 12. maximum /maximize minimum/minimize The car has a maximum speed of 120 mph.
The minimum requirements for this job are a degree and 2 years’ experience. 13. precise adj.精确的, 准确的
The victim was able to give a precise description of the suspect. a precise measurement; a precise instrument.
at that precise moment就在那一时刻 14. adequate适当的, 足够的
The supply is not adequate to the demand. She has adequate grounds for divorce. We took adequate food for the holiday. 15. clarify /clarification澄清, 阐明 clarify matters v.澄清真相
clarify one’s stand/position v.阐明立场 I hope what I say can clarify the situation. The whole issue needs clarification. 16. bee-line直线
→make a bee-line for 走直线，抄近路
As he spoke, he made a bee-line for the door.
If you want to catch up with the team, you had better make a bee-line. 17. kid 欺骗,哄骗, 取笑, 开玩笑 I'm not kidding you.我不是欺骗你的。 Don't kid me.不要骗我。 You're kidding! 你在开玩笑！ 18. Disgust
n.厌恶；恶心；vt.使厌恶；使作呕 The smell filled me with disgust. The bad fish had a disgusting smell. This smell disgusts me. 19. Changeable
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→changeable weather.
20. adaptation适应, 改编, 改写本
The play is an adaptation of a short novel.
His adaptation to the new surroundings helped him a lot.
Unit15
Important words & phrases
习惯于 be used to
沉溺于 be addicted to
与．．．相关 be related to
着手做 get down to
导致 object to/lead to
反对 be opposed to
全神贯注于 put one’s mind to
胜任 be equal to
献身于 devote oneself to
引起 give rise to
盼望 look forward to
注意 pay attention to
坚持 stick to
处理；照料 attend to
通向 lead to
负责 see to
接近，进入（某地的）方法access to
为．．．做贡献 contribute to
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1. Voluntary adj. 志愿的，自愿的，主动的 adv. voluntarily自愿地，自动地 vt.& vi. volunteer自愿地，无偿地提供 或给予，当志愿者 n. volunteer 志愿者，志愿兵 He went there voluntarily. He is a voluntary worker.
Our classmates worked as volunteers at the hospital during summer holiday. 2. Acknowledge vt. 1) 承认， ① ~ sth.
② ~ sb. (to be) adj/n. as n. ③ ~ +doing sth. ④ ~ that-clause He ~d his faults. He ~d it to be true. He ~d that it was true.
They ~d having been defeated. They ~d that they had been defeated.
(2) vt. （用馈赠或言辞）表示感谢 ，做出反映 She ~d his help in her book.
Mary acknowledged the gift with a pleasant letter. 2. Benefit ⑴ n.利益
⑵ vt.对…有益 ⑶ vi.（因…）得到 利益，受惠
The sea air will benefit you. →be of benefit to 对…有益处
→for the benefit of为了…（的利益）
3. Beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的Lu Hao has also found →their relationship beneficial. Beneficially adv. 有益地 4. Worthwhile adj.
Hangzhou is a beautiful place, it is worthwhile going/to go there. Helping old people is a worthwhile activity. 6. Due to
1)应给予；应属于
Our thanks are due to you。
The wages due to him will be paid tomorrow. 2)因为；由…引起；由于
Her illness was due to bad food.她的病是坏了的食物造成的。 Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious results. He arrived late due to the storm. 7. fit in 1) 和…和睦相处,处得很好
The new boy fitted in well with his room-mates.
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He tries to fit in with others, but it was difficult. 2. 适合,符合,配合,一致
We must fit our plan in with yours. Your ideas fit in with mine.
The house fits nicely in that wooded environment. 8. Uniform ⑴n.制服
school uniform(s) 校服in uniform The policemen wear their uniforms. 9. Fashion n. (1)流行，时髦
Wide trousers are the latest fashion. 宽阔的长裤是最新流行款式。 (2)款式、方式
She arranged flowers in her own fashion. 她以自己的方式插花。 adv. fashionably 赶时髦地
adj. fashionable 流行的,时尚的 →a fashion show 时装表演 →in fashion 正流行
→follow (the) fashion 赶时髦 →out of fashion 过时，不再流行 10. Whereas
1. Some people like fat meat, whereas others hate it.
2. They want a house, whereas we would rather live in a flat.他们想要一座房子, 而我们宁愿住在一套房间里。
Unit16
1. Adore vt (love someone very much and feel proud of them very much) Betty adores her grandchildren. The girls adore their mother.
I absolutely adore chocolate. 2. Vacant
空着的，没人占用的（房子、座位等）
There was only one chair vacant in the classroom. Are there any vacant rooms in this hotel? →apply for a vacant position
3. Assess vt. 评估；评价 assessment n. Damages were assessed at 1000 Yuan.
What’s your assessment of the situation in Iraq? 4. Occupation
工作；职业n.[u]&n[c] What is his occupation? 占领；占有 The occupation of a town
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5.instant adj.即刻的；立即的
→instant coffee →instant noodles n.(某一)时刻;瞬息; 霎时 He paused for an instant.
I sent you the news the instant I heard it. 6. Flexible
We can be flexible about your starting date. →a flexible schedule 灵活性的计划表
7. significant significantly →a significant speech →be of significance
Penicillin was an extremely significant medical discovery. 8. Nevertheless
adv.尽管如此；不过；可是；然而
What you said was true. It was, nevertheless, a little unkind.
He insisted that everything would be alright. Nevertheless, I could not help feeling anxious. 9. Drawback cn. Disadvantage缺点，不足之处
Living in a large house has its drawbacks as well as its advantages. In spite of all its drawbacks, it was a place of peace. 13. Applicant
请求人, 申请人; 报名者; 应征人; 投保人 →an applicant for a job →a job applicant →apply for a job
→an application form 14. up to date / out of date
In the new factory all the equipment was up to date. We want our methods to be up to date. →up-to-date methods
To date there is no improvement in his condition 15. Personnel
工作人员 （总称）
Five airline personnel died in the plane crash. →personnel manager/department personal adj. 私人的；个人的 →a personal letter
→personal characteristics 16. Accommodation
The hotel can provide accommodations for 400 people . The house can accommodate a family of four.
Wherever he goes, he readily accommodates to new circumstances. 17. Qualification n.资格,资历 →a doctor's qualification
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What qualifications have you got for this job? 18. Modest adj.谦虚的；谦让的 She's very modest about her success. Adv. modestly n. modesty
Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 19. Hold back踌躇，犹豫不定,抑制, 控制 阻碍, 阻止, 隐瞒 She held back, not knowing what to do or say.
They are accustomed to holding back their emotions.
If they hadn’t held him back, he would have beaten you soundly.
I could tell from his nervousness that he was holding back something. 20. Punctual adj.准时的；按时的
She is always punctual, but her friend is always late. You must be punctual for class.
21. tournament n.比赛；竞赛；锦标赛 open tournament公开赛
friendship invitational tournament友好邀请赛 22.draft n.草稿, 草案, 草图 →write a draft for a speech →draft a speech →draft a bill 23. Send off
Why haven’t you got my letter? I sent it off last week. The whole family went to the airport to send him off. The send-off was heart-warming.
→send in / send for /send up/ send out
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