拓展训练 2020年中考英语专题分类卷 题型一完形填空（科普说明篇）
Passage 1(2017 .昆明模拟)
The invention of World Wide Web (互联网) changed the way we communicate and learn, even shop. It was（1）by Sir Tim Berners-Lee from the United Kingdom. At that time, the Internet was mainly used by a（2）number of scientists and computer experts. It was impossible for common people to share information on the Internet. Bemers-Lee wanted to change it.
He developed an（3） way to create web pages(网页). He also set up ways to recognize and link those pages together. His（4） was to make it possible for anyone to post (发布) information and share it anywhere. The information age had come !
In the 1990s, the web developed into an international neighborhood where the Intemet users could （5）share information in many forms-photos, （6） ,videos and so on. （7） e-mail appeared, people stayed in touch by phone or by writing letters. People have more available ways to（8）with each other. More and more people choose to set up their own blogs(博客) to tell others more about （9） . Now the web is a place where people can share information. Students can also go online to（10） information that they can't learn from the textbooks. ( )1. A. made B. discovered C.invented ( )2.A.great B.small C.large ( )3. A. easy B. difficult C. old
( )4. A. reason B. goal C. suggestion ( )5. A. hardly B. usually C. easily
( )6. A. sound B. noise C. pronunciation ( )7. A. Before B. After C. While
( )8. A.learn B. communicate C. help ( )9. A. myself B. yourself C. themselves ( )10.A.look after B.look up C.look like
Passage 2(2017 .柳州模拟)
How do you imagine the future? Will life in the future be better, worse or the same as now? （1）do you think of the future?
People （2） that life will probably be very different in 2050. First of all,planes will be very large, so（3） will be very cheap. Everyone will have a small car. Fuel will be new and clean, but expensive. We will（4） robots everywhere. And space planes will take us around the world（5） two hours. Homes will be warm in winter and cool in summer, so they will be very comfortable. We will use the sun（6）our homes. Computers will be very small so they will be very（7）. People will do many things on the Internet.
At that time,water will become one of our most（8） problems. In many places, farmers will be in great need of water to（9）fruit and vegetables.
By 2050, we will be able to help blind and deaf(聋) people see again and（10）again. At that time, our life will become better and better. ( )1. A. Which B. How C. What ( )2.A. think B. disagree C. plan ( )3. A. driving B. riding C. flying ( )4. A. make B. See C. watch
( )5.A.in B.after C.for
( )6. A. heats B. to heat C. heating ( )7.A.heavy B.new C.light
( )8. A. pleasant B. possible C. serious ( )9. A. sell B. buy C. grow ( )10. A. walk B. hear C. sleep Passage 3
The earliest maps were probably drawn in the Middle East. Some of these maps have（1）and they show us the people at that time thought the earth flat(平的) As time went by, the pictures became more detailed and maps were More（2）made. Later on, ancient Greeks(希腊人) used their（3）of math and science to make maps. Greek maps tell us the Greeks knew the world was（4）.
From simple pictures, mapmaking has turned into a science. Maps are made（5） surveying(勘测)land. In the 1900s,people around the world started to share information to make （6） maps. With the help of the photographs taken from the sky and space, maps are now more exactly made than ever.（7） the world is always changing, we will always need new maps.
There are many types of maps, but almost all use （8） and pictures to describe what a place is like when the map is made. A map usually tells what the Pictures（9） . Some maps may show the whole world. A road map will help you know the（10）from one place to another. Other maps may use pictures to show the temperature and population in different places. ( )1.A.disappeared B.survived C.gone D.left ( )2.A.slowly B.simply C.correctly D.carelessly ( )3.A.knowledge B.courage C.energy D.challenge ( )4.A.long B.small C.square D.round ( )5. A.into B. by C. of D. from
( )6.A.cleaner B.lighter C.better D.older ( )7.A.Though B.So C.Unless D.Since
( )8.A.sounds B.models C.words D.stories ( )9.A.stand for B.go for C.ask for D.wait for ( )10.A.weather B.distance C.feature D.culture Passage 4
Letting kids learn more about science at an early age is easier than you think.It is happening all around us, and you can （1）everyday things to encourage your children's interest.
Most parents believe it is difficult to help their children with science. But you don't need a high scientific（2） to teach your children science. All you need is that you're willing to try, to see the world, and to（3） the time to encourage their natural curiosity(好奇) .
You can help by having an active attitude(态度) towards science yourself.Then start（4） by asking your children questions about the things you see every day. And then listen to their answers without judging(评判) them, which will（5）their confidence(自信) , and help you decide just what your children know or do not know.
Different kids have different interest, （6） they need different kinds of science projects. Collecting rocks may interest your young daughter, but your older son may need something more to deal with it. Knowing your children is the best way to（7） enjoyable learning activities. Here are some more pieces of advice.
Choose activities that are the right （8） of difficulty.If you are not sure, pick something easier.
Read the suggested ages on any projects, books, and then make sure that the activity is（9） for your child.
Let your child choose the project or activity himself. It's easy enough to ask rather than force him. Suggest choosing 2 0r 3 things your child can do. When a child picks something he is（10）in, he will enjoy it and learn more from it. ( )1.A.buy B.make C.invent D.use ( )2.A.degree B.place C.brain D.result ( )3.A.follow B.solve C.take D.raise
( )4. A. seriously B. simply C. cheaply D. completely ( )5.A.lose B.create C.improve D.believe ( )6.A.so B.if C.though D.but
( )7.A.delete B.find C.cancel D.print ( )8.A.answer B.way C.point D.level ( )9.A.proper B.famous C.cheap D.deep ( )10.A.proud B.interested C.known D.good Passage 5
Bees live in a house that is called a hive. There are three kinds of bees:workers, drones (雄蜂)（1）queens. Only one queen bee can live in each hive.If she is lost or dead, the other bees（2）their work.
Workers are very clever and busy. They all join together（3） small rooms called
cells of wax for their honey. Each worker bee does its own work. Some go out and collect honey from the flowers;（4）stay at home and work inside the hive. The cells（5）have six sides are made by workers bees. Did you ever look into a glass hive and see them while at work? It is （6） to see how busy they always are. Before winter comes, all the drones are driven from the hive（7） they don't eat the honey they did not collect.
It is not safe （8）children to be too close to bees. Bees have painful stings they use in their defense(防御).
( )1. A. and B. or C. but D. either
( )2.A.are stopped B.stops C.will stop D.stopped ( )3. A. builds B. built C. build D. to build
( )4. A. the other B. others C. another D. other ( )5. A. who B. whom C. which D./
( )6.A.pleasant B.boring C.scary D.tiring '
( )7. A.in order to B. so as to C. as long as D. so that ( )8. A. to B. For C.in D. with Passage 6
Few people like changing their habits, good or bad. Whether it is smoking, drinking or over-eating, they （1）\"enjoying\" them to the end.
On every packet of cigarettes (香烟) , people are warned against the（2） of smoking. \"Warning: Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health\". （3） , millions of them start smoking or go on smoking. Why?
Facts show that families and surroundings (环境) play a very important part In（4）smokers.
All those smokers come from smoking families or have smoking（5） 0r relatives. Films and TV plays also play a part. People （6） their \"heroes\" on TV drinking alcohol(酒)or smoking cigarettes. '6 Heroes\"seem to Fear（7） , neither killing themselves nor killing others with alcohol and cigarettes.If they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking, （8） should common people be afraid?
The simple warning on the cigarette packet does not influence smokers' habits. Even（9）warnings, like showing pictures of smokers who have died of cancer, don't seem to work. Knowing and believing seem to be two （10）things.If smoking is really as harmful as doctors say, it is time for smokers to think about it and try to give it up! ( )1. A. stop B. continue C. finish D. avoid
( )2. A. chances B. excuses C. causes D. dangers ( )3.A.Moreover B.Also C.However D.Otherwise
( )4. A. influencing B. explaining C. improving D. describin; ( )5.A.parents B.uncles C.brothers D.friends ( )6.A.hear B.catch C.watch D.face
( )7.A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything ( )8.A.what B.how C.when D.why
( )9.A.stronger B.worse C.longer D.harder ( )10.A.similar B.pleasant C.different D.boring Passage 7
Many kids want to help keep the environment clean but don't know where to start.（1） , even the simplest everyday activities can make a real difference to the environment. Here is how: ◆Don't litter. Litter can（2）0ur water and that could do harm to us and to wildlife.
◆Recycle bottles, paper and plastic. This is a good（3）to develop and can really make a difference.
◆（4）turn off lights and electronic devices (设备) when they are not being used. ◆Use your（5）or walk to nearby locations rather than riding in a car. Encourage your friends and family to（6） the same.
◆Don't throw your old clothes or toys away. Give （7）to a local charity(慈善组织) or a friend that may need them.
◆（8） wasting plastic bags by bringing your own reusable cloth bags to stores. ◆If you see litter,（9） .
◆By following these tips and using them in your everyday life, you will make the world a（10）place.It's never too late to start, and what better time is there than right now? ( )1.A. At first B.In the end C.In fact D. As a result ( )2.A.pollute B.use C.clean D.waste ( )3.A.interest B.plan C.skill D.habit ( )4.A.Still B.Even C.Always D.Never ( )5. A. train B. plane C. car D. bike ( )6.A.do B.look C.say D.wear ( )7. A.it B. them C. this D. that ( )8.A.Keep B.Try C.Enjoy D.Avoid
( )9. A.look it up B. pick it up C. put it up D. fix it up
( )10. A. bigger B. Greener C. more peaceful D. more modem
三、科普说明篇 Passage 1
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.B Passage 2
1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.C 10.B Passage 3
1．B解析：根据空格后半句“...they show us the people at that time thought the earth flat.”可知，这些地图中的一些幸存下来了。故选survive“幸存”。
2.C解析：根据空格前半句“As time went by,the pictures became more detailed...”可知，随着时间的推移地图被更精准地绘制。故选C。
3.A解析：根据空后的“math and science”可知，古希腊人运用他们的数学和科学知识来绘制地图。故选knowledge“知识”。
4．D解析：根据上文“...the people at that time thought the earth flat．”可知，希腊地图告诉我们希腊人知道地球是圆的。故选D。
5．B解析：根据上句“...mapmaking has turned into a science.”可知，地图的绘制通过勘测土地进行。故选by“通过……方式”。
6.C解析：根据上半句“people around the world started to share information”可知，通过共享信息能绘制出更好的地图。故选C。
7．D解析：根据下半句“...we will always need new maps．”可知，由于世界在不断地变化。故选slnce“既然，由于”，表示原因。
8.C解析：根据常识可知，几乎所有的地图都使用词语和图片来描述一个地方是什么样的。故选C。
9．A解析：根据上句“but almost all use（8）and pictures to describe what a place is like”可知，一幅地图通常显示这些图片代表着什么。stand for“代表”；go for“争取”；ask for“请求”；wait for“等候”。根据语境可知选A。
10.B解析：根据本句中的A road map可知，道路地图将帮助你了解从一个地点到另一个地点的距离。故选distance“距离”。 Passage 4
1．D解析：根据前半句“It is happening all around us...”可知，我们可以利用日常用品来激发孩子对科学的兴趣。故选D。
2.A解析：根据本句中的转折连词but及后半句“to teach your children science”可知，你不需要有很高的科学学位来教孩子科学。故选degree“学位”。
3.C解析：根据本句后面的to encourage可知，使用take构成take time to do sth.结构，此处表示“花时间来激发他们天生的好奇心”。故选C。
4．B解析：根据空格后的“...by asking your children questions about the things you see every day．”可知，通过提问孩子你每天看到的事物，即提问的方式很简单，故选simply。
5．C解析：根据前句“And then listen to their answers without judging them...”可知，要倾听孩子们的回答，不要随意评判他们，目的是提高他们的自信心，与后句help you decide…并列。故选C。
6.A解析：根据前半句“Different kids have different interest，”可知，不同的孩子有不同的兴趣，所以他们需要不同种类的科学项目。so引导结果状语从句。
7.B解析：根据上文列举的your young daughter和your older son的例子可知，了解你的孩子是找到有趣的学习活动的最好方法。故选B。
8.D解析：根据下一句“If you are not sure，pick something easier.”可知，要选择难度适当的活动。故选level“水平”。
9.A解析：根据上文的“suggested ages”可推知，要确保活动是适合你的孩子的。Be proper for意为“对……适当的”。故选A。
10.B解析：根据下文的“he will enjoy it\"可知，只有感兴趣才可能会喜欢，故用be interested in“对……感兴趣”。故选B。 Passage 5
1．A解析：从句意可以看出，三种蜜蜂是并列的，且是肯定句，故选A。
2.C解析：句意：如果蜂王不见了或者死了，其他的蜜蜂将会停止工作。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
3.D解析：句意：它们都聚在一起建造小房间，这些小房间叫作蜂巢，可以用来装蜂蜜。此处为动词不定式作目的状语。
4．B解析：句意：有的蜜蜂出去采花蜜，有的待在蜂巢里面工作。the other“两者中的另一个”；。thers表示泛指含义的“其他的人或物”，后不再接名词；another“另一个，又一个”；oth。，“别的，其他的”，后需接名词。“some…others…”为固定搭配，意为“有些……另一些……”
5．C解析：句意：这种有六个面的蜂巢是由工蜂建造的。主语The cells为定语从句的先行词，指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故用that或which，且不能省略。 6．A解析：pleasant“使人开心的”．boring“令人无聊的”；scary“使人害怕的”；tiring“令人疲倦的”。由上下文可知，作者是喜欢蜜蜂的。此处的四个形容词中，只有pleasant是褒义词。故选A。
7.D解析：A、B、D项都表示“以便，为了”，其中A、B项后接动词原形，而D项后接完整的句子。as long as表示“如果，只要”。空后是完整的句子，表目的，因此只能填so that。 8.B解析：句意：对孩子们来说，靠蜜蜂太近是不安全的。固定句式It's+ adj.+for sb. to do sth.意为“做某事对某人来说是……的。”，故for符合语境。 Passage 6
1．B解析：stop“停止”；continue“继续”；finish“结束”；avoid“避免”。由文章第一句句意“很少有人喜欢改变他们的习惯，无论好的或者坏的。”可知B项正确，指人们继续他们的习惯。
2．D解析：由下文可知这里是说每包香烟上都写有警告语来说明香烟的危害，故选D。 3.C解析：此空前后句是转折关系，故选C。
4．A解析：句意：事实证明，家庭和环境对吸烟者有非常重要的影响。influence“影响” explain“解释”；improve“改善，增进”；describe“描述”。由句意可知选A。
5．D解析：前面提到对吸烟者的影响因素有家庭和环境，relatives对应的是家庭，那么此处应选对应环境的，故选D。
6．C解析：由空后的on TV可知选watch。
7．B解析：由空格后的neither...nor...可知此处表示否定，再根据下句中的“they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking”可知他们“什么都不怕”，故选B。
8.D解析：句意：如果他们不怕吸烟和喝酒的危害，为什么普通人应该害怕呢？由句竞可知选D。
9.A解析：由空后的“like showing pictures of smokers who have died of cancer”可知应夷“更严重的警告”，且与前面的simple形成对比，故选A。 10．C解析：similar“相似的”；pleasant“令人愉快的”；different“不同的”；boring“令人厌烦的”。由上文可知此处说的是“知道和相信似乎是两件不同的事”，故选C。
Passage 7
1．C解析：前句说很多孩子不知道从哪里开始保护环境，下文说即使是最简单的日常相动也会对环境起作用，所以此处用in fact“实际上”。at first“起先，首先”；in the end“终于，最后”；as a result“结果”。
2.A解析：根据主语litter“垃圾”可知应该是pollute“污染”，故选A。 3.D解析：interest“兴趣”；plan“计划”；skill“技能”；habit习惯”；develop a...habit\"养局……的习惯”，为固定词组。循环使用瓶子、纸和塑料，形成这样的好习惯，对保护环甥起作用。 4.C解析：句意：当不用灯和电器设备的时候，总是记得关掉。根据句意可知选C。
5.D解析：根据下半句“去附近的地点”可知不能是乘火车或者飞机，而是“骑自行车”故选D。
6.A解析：句意：鼓励你的朋友和家人也这样做。根据语境可知选A。 7．B解析：根据上文“Don't throw your old clothes or toys away．”可知，此处的代词是代摊“clothes or toys”，是复数形式，应该用them。
8．D解析：根据下文的“通过带你自己的可再使用的布袋去商店”可知此处指“避免浪费塑料袋”。故选D。
9．B解析：look up“查阅”；pick up“捡起”；put up“张贴”；fix up“组装，修理”。根据语境可知应该是“捡起垃圾”。故选B。 10．B解析：bigger“更大的”；greener“更环保的”；more peaceful“更和平的”；more modern“更现代的”。根据短文内容可知本文主要介绍了如何从身边小事做起来保护环境所以做这些小事就“更环保”。故选B。
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