英语语音及字母组合知识
张业华 第一部分，辅音字母及其发音规律 ，辅音字母组合及其发音规律 一、英语中共48个音素，20个元音（12个单元音，8个双元音），28个辅音。 单元音：
双元音： 辅音：
二、元音字母
开音节 闭音节
Aa /ei/ cake /æ/ bag Ee /i:/ these /e/ egg I I /ai/ bike /i/ it
Oo / u/ those / / box/ mother / / Uu /ju:/ use /u/ put/ us / / 三、辅音字母及字母组合规律
p pig panda pear pepper pipe post politics population b bear bird bus bed band bank banana t turtle tiger title tea table tide tooth d dog duck doll doctor door
k kite kettle key kill kind kingdom king kiss g goose good goat gift go girl
f fish food full frog flag floor fight flight fly v very vase vast violin van
h hen house horse hat happy head hear hold r rabbit rose rise robot rain rice run ripe
s sun snake silly sick swan star still sock soup soap z zebra zoo zero zig-zag
m moon mouse mouth mind mine me mood murder n nurse nest net nose note nothing nut l lion loose low lamp lamb look leaf milk sail tail tell ball hall
w window witch watch wide wind weather j juice jeep jam just jump joke jacket January x fox box ox text taxi exercise mix expensive y yo-yo yellow year your young yard
c cat car cake cattle cup call calm cancel catch care cut card coat cow
nice city circus bicycle price rice mice city
ck pack backpack sock chick pick duck luck quack quick wreck s+清辅音 且重读—— 清音浊化
star skate spider student screen spring straw squirrel g- -ge –dge –gi –gy ginger gym gentlemen bridge fridge
cage angel energy digital
kn / n knife knit knock knee r/ wr write wrist wreck
ph elephant photo phonetics phone
wh which what why while when wheat wheel wheat where qu queen quiet quack quick quite earthquake
th tooth teeth thumb think math thought through south north father brother mother weather feather clothes
ch / tch chess cheese church chase cheat chair choose match watch switch patch fetch sh- ti- si- ci-
sheep conversation translation discussion special musician delicious si- ;s television Asian measure treasure pleasure -nk ink tank drink junk pink think -ng ring long lung spring king
tr- treat trick true treasure tree truck trust dr- dream draw drag drive
ts hats hats roots coats pots cats bats ds hands birdds friends cards 四、元音字母及字母组合
1． a bag fat mat hat bat am an man ant cat sat dad hand map cap Tape plane male make bake snake
e net jet get yet wet hen men pen bell tell smell bed red leg expensive exam example telephone television elephant i insect ink infant ill hill fill ring sing fix six win kite fine quite bite
o pop top on dog frog jog log hot lost stop boss hope note
u cut hug uncle under umbrella sun run cute cube tune huge
bury / busy 2． 1) / a: /
____ jar car bar star smart dark shark card barn start party bark ____ farm parcel
2) / i: /
_____Tree free see sleep queen
_____Leaf meat clean teach tea eat cheap cheat _____Key
_____piece field thief believe chief brief
3) /i/
______monkey donkey honey money
______baby puppy pony lucky funny ______bit hit kit hill ink
４) / u:/
_____Blue clue glue
_____Juice fruit February
_____Cool book cook hook cookie foot wood food room school
５）/ /
_____teacher worker begger hammer driver sister brother _____doctor neighbor harbor ６) / : /
_____bird girl shirt dirty skirt
_____church nurse purse turn burn _____worm work word world worse
_____pearl earn learn heard search research _____ term serve nervous nerve
７）/ : /
____ horse fork horn corn born sport short _____ hawk awful draw paw crawl law saw ____ core shore store chore score more ____ board roar
____ taught caught daughter naughty ____ pause saucer August autumn claus ____ four pour court
____ tall ball hall wall mall small ____ warm war warn quarter quarrel ____ talk walk chalk salt ８）/ei/
____ Snake bake take brave safe
____ Play lay may day pay way
____ eight weight weigh neighbor sleigh
____ mail nail snail sail fail tail ９） / i /
____ boil oil toilet point voice noise ____ toy joy enjoy destroy boy 10) / au /
____ clown crown frown brown cow flower ____ loud mouth house shout mouse 11) /ai/
_____ Pie die lie tie
_____ kite smile fire hide slide _____ high light might _____ Sky cry fly dry shy
12) / u /
_____ rose home nose rope bone _____ coat boat soap goat float
＿＿＿ blow grow show window follow bow ＿＿＿ told hold old cold bold ＿＿＿ host post ghost
13) /ju:/
＿＿ mute cute mule cube huge ＿＿ news chew stew
＿＿ uniform unite unicycle
3. ａ
1) ar / / car park hard bark
/ / warm war warn quarter quarrel 2) al / / all ball call hall tall / / always also / / half calm
3) ay / / play lay may day pay way 4) ai / / mail nail snail sail fail tail 5) au / / taught caught daughter naughty
/ / pause saucer August autumn clause
6) aw / / hawk awful draw paw crawl law saw ７) a / / act bag massage mass
/ / any many anything / / class glass ask / / want what watch wash ８) air = are= ear = ere / /
pair hair chair air
Share care scare bare glare ｅ
1) ea / / great steak break
/ / Ready healthy weather feather sweater dead deaf / / Beat tea eat defeat teach peace 2) ee / / Tree free see sleep queen 3) eer= ere / /
Beer cheer deer here
ere ／ ／ There
4) ear / / pearl earn learn heard search research / / hear dear clear
／ ／ bear wear pear
5) er / / term serve nervous nerve
6) eigh / / Eight weight weigh neighbor sleigh 7) ew / / news chew stew
8) ey / / monkey donkey honey money
i
1) ir / / bird girl shirt dirty skirt
2) ie / / field believe piece thief chief brief / / lie die pie tie 3) ire / / fire tired hire 4）igh / / High light might o
1) ow / / how town clown crown frown brown cow flower / / yellow slow blow grow show window follow bow 2) or / / order north horse fork horn corn born sport short / / work world worm work word world worse / / doctor neighbor harbor
3）oi / / boil oil toilet point voice noise 4）oy / / toy joy enjoy destroy boy 5）oa / / coat boat soap goat float 6) ou / / trouble couple courage / / House mouse nouth cloud / / thought bought 7) old / / told hold old cold bold 8) ost / / host post ghost 9) our / / four pour court / / hour our flour
10) ore / / core shore store chore score more 11) oar / / board roar
12) oo / / cool book cook hook cookie foot wood food room school u
1 )ur / / church nurse purse turn burn 2) ue / / blue clue glue 3) ui / / guide disguise / / Build 4) uy- / / guy buy
4音节划分 1） Music pretend mobile student 2） Window download magnet cowboy 3） Apple dollar letter connect carrot 5.练习：
[kən'vinjənt] __________________
['dʒɛnərəs] __________________ [kaunt] __________________ [,kɑmpə'tɪʃən]__________________ ['rɛkən] __________________ [dɪ'lɪʃəs] _________________ [,ɛntɚ'tenmənt]_________________ ['steiʃən] _ [ɪk'splor] [dɪ'skraɪb] ['ɪnstrəmənt] ['stɔrmɪ] ['peivmənt]
6、构词法
根据前后缀的意思，猜出单词的含义 词根：词头和词尾
词头 anti 反，相反的，反对的
anti-American antifreeze
ex 在什么以前 ex-president ex-girl friend bi 双 ，两个 bilingual biweekly
tele 遥远 telephone telescope telegraph
im- 否定词缀： impossible in- incredible il- illegal ir- irregular
un- unable unhealthy unfit unusual dis disagree disable dislike
re rewrite retell recall recite repay repeat replace a- alive 有活力的；有生气的 awake asleep afraid auto auto-focus automatic
en encourage enable endanger
词尾 icide 杀害 suicide pesticide ism 表示什么主义 socialism
cs 表示学科 physics politics
ache 疼痛 headache toothache stomachache y healthy wealthy catchy
celebrity 名人 economy 经济 reality 真实；现实；逼真comedy 喜剧
fy terrify clarify modify
ly hardly coldly quickly slowly rarely
tain captain mountain
ful 充满… careful painful awful powerful colourful delightful graceful ance insurance
ive addictive attractive
ous curious anxious humorous fabulous harmonious ment treatment achievement entertainment ble horrible possible accessible ant attendant participant peasant
tion attention attraction distraction connection exhibition congratulation sion impression expression explosion section ise/ ize 使…变成；…化 recognize realize civilize
er / or waiter doctor actor composer conductor director painter sailor ian musician Austrian American politician ture lecture mixture picture ief belief disbelief relief ieve believe disbelieve relieve
tic characteristic realistic plastic economic critic historic ist …专家 scientist artist dentist
al 具有…性;关于… historical musical economical cultural financial royal
criminal traditional
able reliable available changeable believable
en darken shorten deepen widen lengthen frighten
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