EC CONVENTION ON THE LAW APPLICABLE TO CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS (Rome 1980)
欧盟关于合同债权法律适用的公约 （1980罗马第一条例）
Title I - Scope of the Convention第一篇 公约的适用X围
Article 1 - Scope of the Convention第１条 公约的适用X围
Article 2 - Application of law of non-contracting States
第２条 非缔约国法律的适用
Title II - Uniform Rules第二篇 统一规则
Article 3 - Freedom of choice第３条 选择的自由
Article 4 - Applicable law in the absence of choice 第４条 无选择情况下的适用法律
Article 5 - Certain consumer contracts第５条 某些消费者合同
Article 6 - Individual employment contracts第６条 雇佣合同
Article 7 - Mandatory rules第７条 强制性规则
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Article 8 - Material validity第８条 实质上的效力
Article 9 - Formal validity第９条 形式上的效力
Article 10 - Scope of the applicable law第１０条 适用法律的X围
Article 11 - Incapacity第１１条 无行为能力
Article 12 - Voluntary assignment第１２条 自愿转让
Article 13 - Subrogation第１３条 代位求偿权
Article 14 - Burden of proof, etc. 第１４条 举证责任等
Article 15 - Exclusion of renvoi第１５条 反致的排除
Article 16 - \"Ordre public\"第１６条 “公共政策”
Article 17 - No retrospective effect第１７条 无追溯效力
Article 18 - Uniform interpretation第１８条 统一解释
Article 19 - States with more than one legal system
第１９条 具有一个以上法律制度的国家
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Article 20 - Precedence of munity law第２０条 共同体法律的优先适用
Article 21- Relationship with other conventions第２１条 与其他公约的关系
Article 22 - Reservations第２２条 保留
TITLE III FINAL PROVISIONS 第三篇 最后条款
Article 23 至Article 33
PREAMBLE序言
THE HIGH CONTRACTING PARTIES to the Treaty establishing the European Economic munity,
ANXIOUS to continue in the field of private international law the work of unification of law which has already been done within the munity, in particular in the field of jurisdiction and enforcement of judgments, WISHING to establish uniform rules concerning the law applicable to contractual obligations, HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS:
欧洲经济共同体条约的各缔约国，渴望在国际私法领域中继续开展已经在共同体内进行的法律统一工作，特别是在管辖权和执行判决方面已进行的统一，希望就合同债务的适用法律订立统一规则，兹同意如下：
TITLE I SCOPE OF THE CONVENTION 第一篇 公约的适用X围
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Article 1 Scope of the Convention 第１条 公约的适用X围
1. The rules of this Convention shall apply to contractual obligations in any situation involving a choice between the laws of different countries.
本公约的规则适用于任何情形下涉及需在不同国家的法律之间进行选择的合同债务。
2. They shall not apply to: 本公约的规则不适用于：
(a) questions involving the status or legal capacity of natural persons, without prejudice to Article 11;
涉及自然人的地位或法律行为能力问题，但不得妨碍本公约第１１条的适用；
(b) contractual obligations relating to: 关于下列诸项的合同债务：
- wills and succession, 遗嘱和继承；
- rights in property arising out of a matrimonial relationship,
- rights and duties arising out of a family relationship, parentage, marriage or affinity, including maintenance obligations in respect of children who are not legitimate;
由婚姻关系而产生的财产权；
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由家庭关系、亲子关系、婚姻或姻亲关系而产生的权利和义务，包括对非婚生子女的扶养义务；
(c) obligations arising under bills of exchange, cheques and promissory notes and other negotiable instruments to the extent that the obligations under such other negotiable instruments arise out of their negotiable character;
由汇票、支票、本票以及由于票据的可转让性而产生债务的其他流通票据所产生的债务；
(d) arbitration agreements and agreements on the choice of court; 仲裁协议和选择法院协议；
(e) questions governed by the law of panies and other bodies corporate or unincorporate such as the creation, by registration or otherwise, legal capacity, internal organization or winding up of panies and other bodies corporate or unincorporate and the personal liability of officers and members as such for the obligations of the pany or body;公司法和其他法人或非法人组织法所管辖的问题，例如，公司和其他法人组织或非法人组织通过登记或其他方式的设立，其法律行为能力、内部组织或结业清理，以及作为公司和其他法人组织或非法人组织的高级职员和成员对公司和法人或非法人组织债务的个人责任；仲裁协议和选择法院协议；
(f) the question whether an agent is able to bind a principal, or an organ to bind a pany or body corporate or unincorporate, to a third party;
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(g) the constitution of trusts and the relationship between settlors, trustees and beneficiaries;
(h) evidence and procedure, without prejudice to Article 14.
（ｆ）关于代理对第三人的行为是否能约束其委托人，或者一个机构对第三人的行为是否能约束一个公司、法人组织或非法人组织的问题；
（ｇ）信托的设立以及信托设立人、受托人和受益人之间的关系；
（ｈ）证据和程序，但不得妨碍本公约第１４条的适用；
3. The rules of this Convention do not apply to contracts of insurance which cover risks situated in the territories of the Member States of the European Economic munity. In order to determine whether a risk is situated in these territories the court shall apply its internal law.
本公约规则不适用于承保在欧洲经济共同体成员国领土内发生风险的保险合同。为了确定风险是否处于这些领土之内，法院应适用其国内法。
4. The preceding paragraph does not apply to contracts of re-insurance.
前款不适用于再保险合同。
Article 2 Application of law of non-contracting States 第２条 非缔约国法律的适用
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Any law specified by this Convention shall be applied whether or not it is the law of a Contracting State.
凡本公约所指定的法律，不论该法律是否为缔约国的法律，均应适用。
TITLE II UNIFORM RULES 第二篇 统一规则
Article 3 Freedom of choice 第３条 选择的自由
1. A contract shall be governed by the law chosen by the parties. The choice must be expressed or demonstrated with reasonable certainty by the terms of the contract or the circumstances of the case. By their choice the parties can select the law applicable to the whole or a part only of the contract.
合同应适用当事人选择的法律。此项选择必须是明示的，或者由合同条款或具体情况合理确定地表明。当事人可以选择适用于全部合同或仅适用于部分合同的法律。
2. The parties may at any time agree to subject the contract to a law other than that which previously governed it, whether as a result of an earlier choice under this Article or of other provisions of this Convention. Any variation by the parties of the law to be applied made after the conclusion of the contract shall not prejudice its formal validity under Article 9 or adversely affect the rights of third parties.
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当事人在任何时候都可以约定使其合同适用原先并非适用于它的法律，无论原先适用于该合同的法律是根据本条还是本公约其他条款所选择。但在合同订立后，当事人对适用法律所做的任何变动，都不得有损于本公约第９条规定的合同形式上的效力，亦不得对第三人的权利产生不利影响。
3. The fact that the parties have chosen a foreign law, whether or not acpanied by the choice of a foreign tribunal, shall not, where all the other elements relevant to the situation at the time of the choice are connected with one country only, prejudice the application of rules of the law of that country which cannot be derogated from by contract, hereinafter called \"mandatory rules\".
当事人选择了某一外国法律，不论其是否同时选择了外国法院；如果在选择时，一切与当时情况有关的其他因素都只与一个国家有联系，这个事实不应影响该国法律中不得由合同所减损的那部分法律规则的适用，以下称之为“强制性规则”。
4. The existence and validity of the consent of the parties as to the choice of the applicable law shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Articles 8, 9 and 11.
当事人对于适用法律的选择表示同意的事实和效力，应依照本公约第８条、第９条和第１１条的规定予以确定。
Article 4 Applicable law in the absence of choice 第４条 无选择情况下的适用法律
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1. To the extent that the law applicable to the contract has not been chosen in accordance with Article 3, the contract shall be governed by the law of the country with which it is most closely connected. Nevertheless, a severable part of the contract which has a closer connection with another country may by way of exception be governed by the law of that other country.
在当事人未根据第三条的规定选择合同的适用法律的情况下，该合同应适用与它有最密切联系的国家的法律。但是，如果合同的可分割部分与另一个国家有更密切的联系，则该部分合同则可作为例外，适用那个国家的法律。
2. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 5 of this Article, it shall be presumed that the contract is most closely connected with the country where the party who is to effect the performance which is characteristic of the contract has, at the time of conclusion of the contract, his habitual residence, or, in the case of a body corporate or unincorporate, its central administration. However, if the contract is entered into in the course of that party's trade or profession, that country shall be the country in which the principal place of business is situated or, where under the terms of the contract the performance is to be effected through a place of business other than the principal place of business, the country in which that other place of business is situated.
除另依本条第５款的规定，合同特定履行的当事人在订立合同时，其惯常居所地的国家，或者当事人是法人组织或非法人组织时，其管理中心所在地的国家，应推定为与该合同有最密切联系的国家。但是，如果合同是在当事人的贸易和职业活动过程中订立的，则
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与该合同有最密切联系的国家应是主要营业地所在的国家，或者，如果根据合同规定，合同将在主要营业地以外的另一营业地履行，则与该合同有最密切联系的国家应是另一营业地所在国。
3. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 2 of this Article, to the extent that the subject matter of the contract is a right in immovable property or a right to use immovable property it shall be presumed that the contract is most closely connected with the country where the immovable property is situated.
尽管有本条第２款的规定，但如果合同的标的是不动产产权或不动产使用权，则应推定不动产所在地国家是与合同有最密切联系的国家。
4. A contract for the carriage of goods shall not be subject to the presumption in paragraph 2. In such a contract if the country in which, at the time the contract is concluded, the carrier has his principal place of business is also the country in which the place of loading or the place of discharge or the principal place of business of the consignor is situated, it shall be presumed that the contract is most closely connected with that country. In applying this paragraph single voyage charter-parties and other contracts the main purpose of which is the carriage of goods shall be treated as contracts for the carriage of goods.
第２款的规定不应适用于货物运输合同。如果在订立这种合同时，承运人设有主要营业地的国家同时也是装货地或卸货地或托运人主要营业地所在的国家，则应推定该国是与
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合同有密切联系的国家。在适用本款时，单程租船合同和其他以货物运输为主要目的合同均应视为货物运输合同。
5. Paragraph 2 shall not apply if the characteristic performance cannot be determined, and the presumptions in paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 shall be disregarded if it appears from the circumstances as a whole that the contract is more closely connected with another country.
如果合同的特定履行不能确定，则不适用第２款，并且，如果总的情况显示出合同与另一个国家有更密切的联系，则不应适用第２款、第３款和第４款的推定。
Article 5 Certain consumer contracts 第５条 某些消费者合同
1. This Article applies to a contract the object of which is the supply of goods or services to a person (\"the consumer\") for a purpose which can be regarded as being outside his trade or profession, or a contract for the provision of credit for that object.
本条适用于向某人（消费者）提供其行业或职业以外的货物或服务的合同，或者为了该目的提供信贷的合同。
2. Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 3, a choice of law made by the parties shall not have the result of depriving the consumer of the protection afforded to him by the mandatory rules of the law of the country in which he has his habitual residence: - if in that country the conclusion of the contract
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was preceded by a specific invitation addressed to him or by advertising, and he had taken in that country all the steps necessary on his part for the conclusion of the contract, or
- if the other party or his agent received the consumer's order in that country, or
- if the contract is for the sale of goods and the consumer travelled from that country to another country and there gave his order, provided that the consumer's journey was arranged by the seller for the purpose of inducing the consumer to buy.
尽管有第３条的规定，当事人所做的法律选择不得剥夺消费者惯常居所地国法律的强制性规则对其提供的保护：
如果合同在该国订立，在订立合同前向消费者发出了专门邀请或刊登了广告，而且消费者在该国对订立合同已采取了一切必要的步骤；或者
如果另一方当事人或其代理人在该国收到了消费者的订单；或者
如果合同是为了货物的销售，而消费者是从该国到另一国并在那里递交其订单的，并且消费者此项旅程是卖方为了吸引消费者购买货物而安排的。
3. Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 4, a contract to which this Article applies shall, in the absence of choice in accordance with Article 3, be
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governed by the law of the country in which the consumer has his habitual residence if it is entered into in the circumstances described in paragraph 2 of this Article.
尽管有第４条的规定，凡适用本条规定的合同，在未根据第三条作出法律选择时，如果该合同是在本条第２款规定的情况下订立的，则应适用消费者惯常居所地国家的法律。
4. This Article shall not apply to: 本条不适用于：
(a) a contract of carriage; 运输合同；
(b) a contract for the supply of services where the services are to be supplied to the consumer exclusively in a country other than that in which he has his habitual residence.
提供服务的合同，此种服务是在消费者惯常居所地国家以外的国家向消费者专门提供的。
5. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 4, this Article shall apply to a contract which, for an inclusive price, provides for a bination of travel and acmodation.
尽管有第４款的规定，本条应适用于以全包价格提供旅行和食宿的合同
Article 6 Individual employment contracts 第６条 雇佣合同
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1. Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 3, in a contract of employment a choice of law made by the parties shall not have the result of depriving the employee of the protection afforded to him by the mandatory rules of the law which would be applicable under paragraph 2 in the absence of choice.
尽管有第３条的规定，在雇佣合同中，当事人作出的法律选择不得剥夺受雇者在没有作出选择时，依照第２款所要适用的法律的强制性规则对其提供的保护。
2. Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 4, a contract of employment shall, in the absence of choice in accordance with Article 3, be governed: (a) by the law of the country in which the employee habitually carries out his work in performance of the contract, even if he is temporarily employed in another country ; or (b) if the employee does not habitually carry out his work in any one country, by the law of the country in which the place of business through which he was engaged is situated; unless it appears from the circumstances as a whole that the contract is more closely connected with another country, in which case the contract shall be governed by the law of that country.
尽管有第４条的规定，在未根据第３条作出任何法律选择时，雇佣合同应当：（ａ）适用受雇者为履行合同而惯常工作的国家的法律，即使他是在另一国家内临时受雇；或者（ｂ）如果受雇者并不惯常地在任何一国工作，则适用其受雇佣的经营所在地国家的法律。除非从整个情况看，合同与另一国家具有更密切的联系，则在这种情况下，该合同应适用那个国家的法律。
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Article 7 Mandatory rules 第７条 强制性规则
1. When applying under this Convention the law of a country, effect may be given to the mandatory rules of the law of another country with which the situation has a close connection, if and in so far as, under the law of the latter country, those rules must be applied whatever the law applicable to the contract. In considering whether to give effect to these mandatory rules, regard shall be had to their nature and purpose and to the consequences of their application or non-application.
在依照本公约适用某国法律时，若情况与另一国家有密切联系，而且如果该国法律规定，无论合同适用什么法律，这些强制性规则都必须予以适用，则可以适用该国法律的强制性规则。在考虑是否适用这些强制性规则时，应注意到其性质和目的，以及适用或不适用这些强制性规则所产生的后果。
2. Nothing in this Convention shall restrict the application of the rules of the law of the forum in a situation where they are mandatory irrespective of the law otherwise applicable to the contract.
本公约任何条款不得限制法院地法强制规则的适用，不论合同适用什么法律。
Article 8 Material validity 第８条 实质上的效力
1. The existence and validity of a contract, or of any term of a contract, shall be determined by the law which would govern it under this Convention if
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the contract or term were valid.
合同或合同任何条款的存在及效力，应由在合同或其条款有效的情况下，根据本公约所指定的适用法律来确定。
2. Nevertheless a party may rely upon the law of the country in which he has his habitual residence to establish that he did not consent if it appears from the circumstances that it would not be reasonable to determine the effect of his conduct in accordance with the law specified in the preceding paragraph.
但是，如果情况表明按照前款规定的法律确定当事人行为的效力不合理时，该当事人可以依据其惯常居所地国的法律来确定其不同意适用该法律。
Article 9 Formal validity 第９条 形式上的效力
1. A contract concluded between persons who are in the same country is formally valid if it satisfies the formal requirements of the law which governs it under this Convention or of the law of the country where it is concluded.
在同一国家的当事人之间订立的合同，如果具备了根据本公约适用于该合同的法律或该合同订立国的法律所规定的形式要件，则该合同在形式上有效。
2. A contract concluded between persons who are in different countries is formally valid if it satisfies the formal requirements of the law which governs it
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under this Convention or of the law of one of those countries.
在不同国家当事人之间订立的合同，如果具备了根据本公约适用于该合同的法律或这些国家中某个国家的法律所规定的形式要件，则该合同在形式上有效。
3. Where a contract is concluded by an agent, the country in which the agent acts is the relevant country for the purposes of paragraphs 1 and 2.
如果合同是通过代理人订立的，则代理人实施行为的国家即为本条第１款和第２款所指的有关国家。
4. An act intended to have legal effect relating to an existing or contemplated contract is formally valid if it satisfies the formal requirements of the law which under this Convention governs or would govern the contract or of the law of the country where the act was done.
一项旨在对已经订立的合同或拟订立的合同具有法律效力的行为，如果具备了根据本公约适用于或将要适用于该合同的法律所规定的形式要件，或者具备了实施该项行为的国家法律的形式要件时，则该行为在形式上有效。
5. The provisions of the preceding paragraphs shall not apply to a contract to which Article 5 applies, concluded in the circumstances described in paragraph 2 of Article 5. The formal validity of such a contract is governed by the law of the country in which the consumer has his habitual residence.
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前款规定不适用于在第５条第２款所指情况下订立并适用第５条第２款规定的合同。该类合同在形式上的效力受消费者惯常居所地国的法律管辖。
6. Notwithstanding paragraphs 1 to 4 of this Article, a contract the subject matter of which is a right in immovable property or a right to use immovable property shall be subject to the mandatory requirements of form of the law of the country where the property is situated if by that law those requirements are imposed irrespective of the country where the contract is concluded and irrespective of the law governing the contract.
尽管有本条第１至４款的规定，标的为不动产所有权或不动产使用权的合同，应受不动产所在地国法律对形式的强制性要求的管辖，如果根据该法律，不论合同在何国订立或适用何法律，这些形式要求必须符合。
Article 10 Scope of the applicable law 第１０条 适用法律的X围
1. The law applicable to a contract by virtue of Articles 3 to 6 and 12 of this Convention shall govern in particular:
(a) interpretation;
(b) performance;
(c) within the limits of the powers conferred on the court by its procedural law, the consquences of breach, including the assessment of damages in so far
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as it is governed by rules of law;
(d) the various ways of extinguishing obligations, and prescription and limitation of actions;
(e) the consequences of nullity of the contract.
根据本公约第３至第６条和第１２条的规定，合同的适用法律特别应具体管辖下列事项：
（ａ）（合同的）解释；
（ｂ）（合同的）履行；
（ｃ）在诉讼法授予法院的权限内，对违约的后果，包括对损害赔偿的估定－－只要法律对此作出规定；
（ｄ）债务消灭的各种方法，诉讼时效及诉讼限制；
（ｅ）合同无效的后果。
2. In relation to the manner of performance and the steps to be taken in the event of defective performance regard shall be had to the law of the country in which performance takes place.
关于履行合同的方式以及履行有瑕疵时所采取的步骤，应考虑履行地国家的法律。
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Article 11 Incapacity 第１１条 无行为能力
In a contract concluded between persons who are in the same country, a natural person who would have capacity under the law of that country may invoke his incapacity resulting from another law only if the other party to the contract was aware of this incapacity at the time of the conclusion of the contract or was not aware thereof as a result of negligence.
在同一国家的当事人之间订立的合同，如果根据该国法律规定一个自然人具有行为能力，那么只有当合同另一方当事人在订立合同时知道或者由于疏忽而不知道其无行为能力，该自然人才可援引其按另一国家的法律无行为能力的事实。
Article 12 Voluntary assignment 第１２条 自愿转让
1. The mutual obligations of assignor and assignee under a voluntary assignment of a right against another person (\"the debtor\") shall be governed by the law which under this Convention applies to the contract between the assignor and assignee.
根据自愿转让针对某人（债务人）的权利而产生的转让人与受让人之间的相互义务，应由根据本公约指定的适用于转让人和受让人订立的合同的法律所支配。
2. The law governing the right to which the assignment relates shall determine its assignability, the relationship between the assignee and the debtor, the conditions under which the assignment can be invoked against the
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debtor and any question whether the debtor's obligations have been discharged.
支配与转让有关的权利的法律，应确定权利的可转让性、受让人和债务人之间的关系、对债务人可援引转让的条件以及债务人的债务是否已经解除的任何问题。
Article 13 Subrogation 第１３条 代位求偿权
1. Where a person (\"the creditor\") has a contractual claim upon another (\"the debtor\"), and a third person has a duty to satisfy the creditor, or has in fact satisfied the creditor in discharge of that duty, the law which governs the third person's duty to satisfy the creditor shall determine whether the third person is entitled to exercise against the debtor the rights which the creditor had against the debtor under the law governing their relationship and, if so, whether he may do so in full or only to a limited extent.
凡某人（债权人）对另一人（债务人）享有合同上的请求权，而且某个第三人有向债权人清偿债务的义务，或在事实上已向债权人清偿了债务，则管辖第三人向债权人偿还债务的法律应决定第三人是否有权根据适用于债权人与债务人关系的法律行使债权人对债务人所行使的那种权利；如果可以行使，应决定该第三人是否可以全部行使或只是在有限的X围内行使这种权利。
2. The same rule applies where several persons are subject to the same contractual claim and one of them has satisfied the creditor.
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当若干人受同一合同请求要追偿，而其中之一人已向债权人清偿了债务的情形，亦应适用前款规定。
Article 14 Burden of proof, etc. 第１４条 举证责任等
1. The law governing the contract under this Convention applies to the extent that it contains, in the law of contract, rules which raise presumptions of law or determine the burden of proof.
根据本公约指定的合同的适用法律，亦包括合同法对法律推定或决定举证责任的各项规则。
2. A contract or an act intended to have legal effect may be proved by any mode of proof recognized by the law of the forum or by any of the laws referred to in Article 9 under which that contract or act is formally valid, provided that such mode of proof can be administered by the forum.
一个旨在发生法律效力的合同或行为可以由法院地法承认的任何证明方法予以证明，或者由第九条所提到的据以认定合同或行为在形式上有效的法律承认的任何证明方法予以证明，但以这种证明方法能由法院实施为条件。
Article 15 Exclusion of renvoi 第１５条 反致的排除
The application of the law of any country specified by this Convention means the application of the rules of law in force in that country other than its
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rules of private international law.
本公约规定适用的任何国家的法律，系指适用该国实施的法律规则，而不是适用其国际私法的规则。
Article 16 \"Ordre public\" 第１６条 “公共政策”
The application of a rule of the law of any country specified by this Convention may be refused only if such application is manifestly inpatible with the public policy (\"ordre public\") of the forum.
本公约规定适用的任何国家的法律规则，只有在这种适用与法院地国的公共政策（公共秩序）显然不符时，才可以拒绝适用。
Article 17 No retrospective effect 第１７条 无追溯效力
This Convention shall apply in a Contracting State to contracts made after the date on which this Convention has entered into force with respect to that State.
本公约适用于公约对一个缔约国生效之日后该国订立的合同。
Article 18 Uniform interpretation 第１８条 统一解释
In the interpretation and application of the preceding uniform rules, regard shall be had to their international character and to the desirability of
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achieving uniformity in their interpretation and application.
在解释和适用上述统一规则时，应考虑到其国际性质以及在解释和适用方面取得统一的愿望。
Article 19 States with more than one legal system 第１９条 具有一个以上法律制度的国家
1. Where a State prises several territorial units each of which has its own rules of law in respect of contractual obligations, each territorial unit shall be considered as a country for the purposes of identifying the law applicable under this Convention.
凡一国包括若干领土单位，而每个领土单位在合同债务方面有其自己的法律规则时，为了确定根据本公约应适用的法律，每个领土单位应被视为一个国家。
2. A State within which different territorial units have their own rules of law in respect of contractual obligations shall not be bound to apply this Convention to conflicts solely between the laws of such units.
在一国内其不同的领土单位各有其自己关于合同债务的法律规则时，仅仅在这些领土单位间发生的法律冲突不适用本公约。
Article 20 Precedence of munity law 第２０条 共同体法律的优先适用
This Convention shall not affect the application of provisions which, in
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relation to particular matters, lay down choice of law rules relating to contractual obligations and which are or will be contained in acts of the institutions of the European munities or in national laws harmonized in implementation of such acts.
本公约不得影响下述规定的实施，这些规定就专门事项制定了关于合同债务的法律规则的选择，而且这些规定已包括或将包括在欧洲共同体各机构的法令中或为了执行这些法令而协调的国内法中。
Article 21 Relationship with other conventions 第２１条 与其他公约的关系
This Convention shall not prejudice the application of international conventions to which a Contracting State is, or bees, a party.
本公约不妨碍本公约缔约国成为或将成为其成员国的其他国际公约的适用。
Article 22 Reservations 第２２条 保留
1. Any Contracting State may, at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance or approval, reserve the right not to apply: (a) the provisions of Article 7 (1); (b) the provisions of Article 10 (1) (e).
任何缔约国在签署、批准、接受或核准本公约时，均有保留不适用下列条款的权利：（ａ）第７条第１款的规定；（ｂ）第１０条第１款（ｅ）项的规定；
2. Any Contracting State may also, when notifying an extension of the
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Convention in accordance with Article 27 (2), make one or more of these reservations, with its effect limited to all or some of the territories mentioned in the extension.
任何缔约国在依照第２７条第２款的规定通知扩展本公约的适用X围时，亦可以对上述条款作出一项或数项保留，使其效力限于其扩展的全部或部分领土。
3. Any Contracting State may at any time withdraw a reservation which it has made ; the reservation shall cease to have effect on the first day of the third calendar month after notification of the withdrawal.
任何缔约国可在任何时候撤销它已经作出的保留，该项保留应在撤消通知发出后的第三个月的第一天起停止有效。
TITLE III FINAL PROVISIONS 第三篇 最后条款
Article 23 第２３条
1. If, after the date on which this Convention has entered into force for a Contracting State, that State wishes to adopt any new choice of law rule in regard to any particular category of contract within the scope of this Convention, it shall municate its intention to the other signatory States through the Secretary-Geneal of the Council of the European munities.
如果在本公约对其生效后，一缔约国意欲对本公约X围内的任何专门种类的合同采用
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新的法律选择规则，它应将其意图通过欧洲共同体委员会秘书长转达给其他的签字国。
2. Any signatory State may, within six months from the date of the munication made to the Secretary-General, request him to arrange consultations between signatory States in order to reach agreement.
自通知秘书长之日起六个月内，任何签字国可以要求秘书长在签字国之间安排磋商，以便达成协议。
3. If no signatory State has requested consultations within this period or if within two years following the munication made to the Secretary-General no agreement is reached in the course of consultations, the Contracting State concerned may amend its law in the manner indicated. The measures taken by that State shall be brought to the knowledge of the other signatory States through the Secretary-General of the Council of the European munities.
如果在此期间内没有任何签字国要求磋商，或者，如果自通知秘书长后两年之内在磋商过程中没能达成任何协议，则有关缔约国可按其表明的方式修改其法律。但该XX取的任何措施应通过欧洲共同体委员会秘书长告知其他签字国。
Article 24 第２４条
1. If, after the date on which this Convention has entered into force with respect to a Contracting State, that State wishes to bee a party to a multilateral convention whose principal aim or one of whose principal aims is to lay down
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rules of private international law concerning any of the matters governed by this Convention, the procedure set out in Article 23 shall apply. However, the period of two years, referred to in paragraph 3 of that Article, shall be reduced to one year.
在本公约对某一缔约国生效后，如该国希望成为一个多边公约的参加国，而该多边公约的主要目标或其主要目标之一是制定有关本公约管辖的任何事项的国际私法规则，则应适用第２３条规定的程序，但第２３条第３款规定的两年期限应减为一年。
2. The procedure referred to in the preceding paragraph need not be followed if a Contracting State or one of the European munities is already a party to the multilateral convention, or if its object is to revise a convention to which the State concerned is already a party, or if it is a convention concluded within the framework of the Treaties establishing the European munities.
如果某个缔约国或欧洲共同体的某个国家已经是该多边公约的参加国，或者其目的是修改一项该国已是参加国的公约，或者该公约是设立欧洲共同体体系的条约之一，则不必遵循前款规定的程序。
Article 25 第２５条
If a Contracting State considers that the unification achieved by this Convention is prejudiced by the conclusion of agreements not covered by Article 24 (1), that State may request the Secretary-General of the Council of the European munities to arrange consultations between the signatory States
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of this Convention.
如果某一缔约国认为，本公约所达成的统一受到在第２４条第１款规定以外缔结的协议所损害，该国可以要求欧洲共同体委员会秘书长在本公约签字国之间安排协商
Article 26 第２６条
Any Contracting State may request the revision of this Convention. In this event a revision conference shall be convened by the President of the Council of the European munities.
任何缔约国可要求修改本公约。遇有这种情况，应由欧洲共同体委员会主席召集修订会议。
Article 27 第２７条
1. This Convention shall apply to the European territories of the Contracting States, including Greenland, and to the entire territory of the French Republic.
本公约适用于各缔约国的欧洲领土，包括格陵兰和法兰西XX国的全部领土。
2. Nothwithstanding paragraph 1: (a) this Convention shall not apply to the Faroe Islands, unless the Kingdom of Denmark makes a declaration to the contrary;
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(b) this Convention shall not apply to any European territory situated outside the United Kingdom for the international relations of which the United Kingdom is responsible, unless the United Kingdom makes a declaration to the contrary in respect of any such territory;
(c) this Convention shall apply to the Netherlands Antilles, if the Kingdom of the Netherlands makes a declaration to that effect.
尽管有第１款的规定，但（ａ）本公约不适用于法罗依（ＦＡＲＯＥ）诸岛，除非丹麦王国作出相反的声明；
（ｂ）本公约不适用于任何位于联合王国以外的，但由联合王国对其国际关系负责的欧洲领土，除非联合王国就任何此类领土作出相反的声明；
（ｃ）本公约适用于荷兰安的列斯（Ａｎｔｉｌｌｅｓ）群岛，如果荷兰王国对此效力作出声明。
3. Such declarations may be made at any time by notifying the Secretary-General of the Council of the European munities.
上述声明可在任何时候以通知欧洲共同体委员会秘书长的方式作出。
4. Proceedings brought in the United Kingdom on appeal from courts in one of the territories referred to in paragraph 2 (b) shall be deemed to be proceedings taking place in those courts.
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第２款（ｂ）项所指的任一领土之内的法院向联合王国上诉的诉讼，应视为在这些法院进行的诉讼。
Article 28 第２８条
1. This Convention shall be open from 19 June 1980 for signature by the States party to the Treaty establishing the European Economic munity.
本公约应自１９８０年６月１９日起向欧洲经济共同体条约的成员国开放签字。
2. This Convention shall be subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by the signatory States. The instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the Council of the European munities.
本公约须经签字国批准、接受或核准。批准书、接受书或核准书应由欧洲共同体委员会秘书长保管。
Article 29 第２９条
1. This Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the third month following the deposit of the seventh instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval.
本公约应在交存第七份批准书、接受书或核准书后的第三个月的第一天起生效。
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2. This Convention shall enter into force for each signatory State ratifying, accepting or approving at a later date on the first day of the third month following the deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval.
对以后批准、接受或核准的每一签字国本公约应自交存批准、接受或核准书的第三个月的第一天起生效。
Article 30 第３０条
1. This Convention shall remain in force for 10 years from the date of its entry into force in accordance with Article 29 (1), even for States for which it enters into force at a later date.
2. If there has been no denunciation it shall be renewed tacitly every five years.
3. A Contracting State which wishes to denounce shall, not less than six months before the expiration of the period of 10 or five years, as the case may be, give notice to the Secretary-General of the Council of the European munities. Denunciation may be limited to any territory to which the Convention has been extended by a declaration under Article 27 (2).
4. The denunciation shall have effect only in relation to the State which has notified it. The Convention will remain in force as between all other Contracting States.
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１．依照第２９条第１款规定，本公约应从其生效日起保留有效期十年，对于公约生效以后对其生效的国家亦是如此。
２．除被通知废除外，本公约应自动每五年延期一次。
３．凡拟废除本公约的缔约国，应在不迟于本公约十年或五年期限届满前六个月内将通知送交欧洲共同体委员会秘书长。废除可以只限于根据第２７条第２款的规定声明扩展公约适用X围的任何领土。
４．废除只对发出废除通知的国家发生效力。本公约对所有其他缔约国仍继续有效。
Article 31 第３１条
The Secretary-General of the Council of the European munities shall notify the States party to the Treaty establishing the European Economic munity of: (a) the signatures;
(b) the deposit of each instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval;
(c) the date of entry into force of this Convention;
(d) munications made in pursuance of Articles 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 30;
(e) the reservations and withdrawals of reservations referred to in Article 22.
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欧洲共同体委员会秘书长应将下述事项通知欧洲经济共同体条约成员国：
（ａ）签字；
（ｂ）每份批准书、接受或核准书的交存；
（ｃ）本公约的生效日期；
（ｄ）依照第２３、２４、２５、２６、２７条和第３０条作出的通知；
（ｅ）第２２条提到的保留和撤销保留。
Article 32 第３２条
The Protocol annexed to this Convention shall form an integral part thereof.
对本公约附加的议定书应视为本公约的一个组成部分。
Article 33 第３３条
This Convention, drawn up in a single original in the Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Irish and Italian languages, these texts being equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the Secretariat of the Council of the European munities. The Secretary-General shall transmit a certified copy thereof to the Government of each signatory State.
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本公约原件以丹麦文、荷兰文、英文、法文、德文、爱尔兰文和意大利文写成。各文本具有同等效力。公约应存放于欧洲共同体委员会秘书处档案馆。秘书长应将一份经过认证的副本送交各签字国政府。
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