一、词汇………………………………………………2
I． 英译汉……………………………………… 2 II． 汉译英……………………………………… 2 III． 缩写………………………………………… 4 二、句子汉译英……………………………………… 5 三、句子英译汉………………………………………11 I．P320句子翻译 ………………………………11
II．P172-175的课文……………………………14 III．P380 的课文 ………………………………17 VI．UNIT7 COLREGS 第5条到第19条 ……19
一、 词汇 40分
I．英译汉（30*0.5分=15分 每单元课后collocations and abbreviation） *这部分内容过多，就不打在复习资料上，请同学自己参照课本复习 II．汉译英（15*1分＝15分 P485-P486）
III．缩写（10*1分＝10分 每单元课后collocations and abbreviations）
二、 句子汉译英 30分
范围在每单元的PART ·A· SPEAKING·（SMCP）
三、句子英译汉（10题*3分＝30分） 30分 I.P320句子翻译
II．P172-175 的课文 III．P380的课文
VI．UNIT 7 COLREGS 第5条到第19条 （内容过多，结合实际情况进行复习）
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一、 词汇 40%
I．英译汉（30*0.5分=15分 每单元课后collocations and abbreviation） II．汉译英（15*1分＝15分 P485-P486）
飘航的 adrift
集合地点 assembly station 风向逆转 backing of winds 风向顺转 veering of winds 抢滩 beach 泊位 berth 声号 blast 盲区 blind sectors 登船设备 boarding arrangement 倾覆 capsizing 方位标 cardinal buoy 遇难 casualty
紧连拖带 close coupled towing 编队 convoy
堵漏队 damage control team 基点 datum 遗骸 derelict
离船 disembark 遇险报警 distress alert 走锚 dragging of anchor 拖锚 dredging of anchor 减速 drop back 登船 embark 护航 escort 航道 fairway 消防队 fire party 防火巡逻 fire patrol 漏损 flooding
泡沫灭火器 foam monitor 缠链 foul of anchor 缠桨 foul of propeller 操纵受限船 hampered vessel 进／出港船 inbound／outbound vessel 初搜航向 initial course 失效 inoperative
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弃货 jettison 落放 launch 渗漏 leak 背风移动 leeway 抛放 let go
救生艇站 life boat station 横倾 list 进水 make water 操纵速度 manoeuvring speed
群疫 mass disease 系泊 moor 集合 muster 碍航物 obstruction 停止发射 off air 油污清除 oil clearance 溢油 overflow 污染船 polluter 驶往 proceed 参照线 reference line 救助队 rescue team
安全工作压力 safe working pressure
搜索方式 search pattern 隔离 segregation 货物移动 shifting cargo 吊货绳扣 sling
前进速度 speed of advance 漏油 spill 备妥 stand by 远离 stand clear
日常命令 standing orders 直航 stand on
过驳 transshipment of cargo 通过速度 transit speed 在航 under way 熄灭 unlit 报告点 way point 向风 wind ward 沉船 wreak 安全负荷 safe load 安全航速 safe speed
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III．缩写（10*1分＝10分 每单元课后collocations and abbreviations）
IMO 国际海事组织 SOLAS 国际海上人命安全公约
STCW 海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约
SMCP 标准航海通信用语 GMDSS 全班海上遇险与安全系统
ISM 国际安全管理
BIMCO 波罗的海国际海运理事会
VTS 船舶交通管理 SAR 搜救 UKC富余水深
EDIS 电子海图显示与信息系统
EPIRB 应急无限电示位标
SART 搜救雷达应答器 TEU 二十英尺标箱 NAVAREA 航警电传 IBS 驾驶台综合导航系统WMO 世界气象组织 EEBD 紧急脱险呼吸装置SMS 安全管理系统 DOC 符合证明 SMC 安全管理证书 SMA 安全管理审核 EDA 预抵时间 ETD 预离时间 OSC 现场指挥员 CPA 最近会遇距离 PNM 永久性航海通告 TNM 临时性航海通告 ISF 国际航运联合会
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二、 句子汉译英 30%
1. 你的海上全速是多少？
What is your full sea speed？ 2. 旋回圈的直接是多少？
What is the diameter of the turning circle？ 3. 你现在的最大吃水是多少？
What is your present maximum draught？ 4. 你预计什么时间离开上海
what is your ETD from shanghai？ 5. 我的靠泊指令是什么？
What are my docking instructions？ 6. 你的船名和船籍是什么？
What is your ship’s name and nationality？ 7. 你的船籍港是什么？
What is your port of registry？ 8. 你的目的港是什么？
what is your port of destination？ 9. 你上一个靠泊港是哪里？
What was your last port of call？ 10. 你船的总吨和净吨分别是多少？
What is your gross tonnage and net tonnage？ 11. 你的登船速度多少？
What is your boarding speed？ 12. 你的首尾吃水各是多少？
What is your draught forward and aft？ 13. 船舶的状态如何？
What is the state of the ship？ 14.在你位置的风力和风向是多少？
What is the wind direction and force in your position？15. 在我位置预计会有什么风
What wind is expected in my position？ 16.现在在你位置的气压是多少？
What is the atmospheric in your position？ 17.在你位置的气压变化是多少？
What is the barometric change in your position？
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18.预计风暴区域的最大风速会达到多少？
What maximum winds are expected in the storm area？ 19.在你位置的海况如何？
What is the sea state in your position？ 20.你的富余水深是多少？
What is your under keel clearance？ 21.你船的详细目录是什么？
what are your vessel’s particulars？ 22.主机是柴油机海上汽轮机？ Is the engine a diesel or a turbine？ 23.机舱配员还是主机由驾驶台控制？
Is the engine-room manned or is the engine on the bridge control ？
24.主机从前进换到后退需要多少时间？
How long does it take to change the engine from ahead to astern？
25.从停车状态开启主机需要多少时间？
How long does it take to start the engine from stopped？ 26.在紧急情况下有额外的动力可用吗？ Is extra power available in an emergency？ 27.你用的是可变螺距还是固定螺距的螺旋桨？ Do you have a controllable or fixed pitch propeller？ 28.你用的是右旋式螺旋桨还是左旋式螺旋桨？ Do you have a right-hand or left-hand propeller？ 29.你用的是单螺旋桨还是双螺旋桨？
Do you have a single propeller or twin propeller？ 30.你有首／尾侧推器吗？
Do you have a bow／stern thruster？ 31.进车／退车的最大操纵动力是多少？ What is the maximum maneuvering power？ 32.进车／退车的最大转速是多少？
What is the maximum revolutions ahead／astern？ 33.双螺旋桨在进车时是内转还是外转？
Do the twin propellers turn inward or outward when going ahead？
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34.旋回圈的直径是多少？
What is the diameter of the turning circle？ 35.紧急停车的旋回纵距和横距是多少？
What is the advance and transfer distance in a crash-stop？ 36.从左满舵到右满舵需要多久？
How long does it take from hard-a-port to hard-a-starboard 37.螺旋桨的推进效果很强吗？
Is the turning effect of the propeller very strong？ 38.号笛按钮在哪？
Where is the whistle control？
39.从海上全速降到操纵速度需要注意什么？
What notice is required to reduce from full sea speed to maneuvering speed？ 40.你船有自动舵？
Do you have an automatic pilot？
41.在全速／半速／慢速／微速前进时的操纵速度时多少？ What is the maneuvering speed at full／half／slow／dead slow ahead ？
42.海上全速／航道速度是多少？
What is the full sea speed／fairway speed？ 43.雷达可用吗？
Is the radar operational？ 44.雷达天线在哪？
Where is the radar an antenna？ 45.雷达有盲区吗？
Does the radar have any blind sectors？ 46.你的净空高度／现在最大吃水是多少？
what is your air draft／present maximum draft？ 47.出链多少？
How much cable is out？ 48.锚链有多重？
How much weight is on the cable？ 49.放出／收回多少锚链节？
How many shackles are left（to come in）？ 50.泊位上有碰垫？
Are fenders on the berth？
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51.你有自动调节绞缆机吗？ Do you have tension winches？ 52.你准备好在航了吗？
Are you ready to get underway？ 53.一股强／弱潮汐流的流向是20度
A strong／weak tidal current is setting 20 degrees 54.潮汐流度流向会在半小时后改变。
The direction of the tidal current will change in half an hour 55.风力在过去两个小时内加强／减弱。
The wind increased／decreased within last two hours 56.这个西北风风力5级
The wind is northwest, force Beaufort five 57.你位置度大气压／气压变化是多少？
What is the atmospheric pressure／barometric change in your position？ 58.不要在航道抛锚
Do not anchor in the fairway 59.不要追越你前方的船
Do not overtake the vessel ahead of you 60.建议你开往检疫锚地
Advise you proceed to the quarantine anchorage 61.机动船海鸥会从你左舷超越
MV seagull will overtake from your port side 62.我需要一个引航员和两个拖轮 I require one pilot and two tugs
63.我左120°S，135°W丢失了国际海事组织三类的危险货物 I have lost dangerous goods of IMO class III in position 120° S，135°W
64. 你左方五千米处的机动船钻石正在漏出危险物品 MV diamond is spilling dangerous goods five kilometers on your port side
65.我船在吃水线上／下有大／小大破损
I have minor／major damage above／below waterline 66.一艘液化石油气／天然气船正在泄漏气体，避免从他下风舷 过
A LNG-tanker／LPG-tanker leaking gas in position , avoid
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passing to leeward
67.我船的油需在98°N, 100°W转船，需要更大的泊位 Transshipment of product oil in position 98°N，100°W， wide berth requested
68.重装第三个货舱的甲板货物以消除横倾、提高稳定性 Deck cargo was restored in No.2 hold to correct the list／ improve the stability
69.危险货物装在甲板哪个位置？
Where are dangerous goods carried on board？ 70.船的载重量是多少？
What is the deadweight of the vessel？ 71.本船的集装箱容量是15000标箱 The container capacity is 15000 TEU 72.需要多少立方米的装货空间？
How many cubic meters of cargo space is required？ 73.舱口的开口尺寸是多少？
What is the size of the hatch opening？ 74.克令吊最远的工作距离是多少？
What is the maximum reach of the crane？ 75.克令吊一次最多能抓多少容积的货物？
What is the handing capacity of the container crane？ 76.注意提前世界时间／当地时间5小时做好装货／卸货准备 Give notice of readiness to load／discharging by five hours UTC／local time
77.装货／卸货的速度不要超过500吨／小时
Do not exceed the loading rate／discharging rate of 500 Tones per hour
78.你的海上移动电台识别号码是多少？
What is your MMSI number？ 79.你船现在的航向和速度是多少？ What is your present course and speed？ 80.预计三小时内到达遇险地点
ETA at distress position within 3 hours 81.初搜航向210度，初搜速度15节
Initial course 210°，search speed 15 knots
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82.我度应急天线示位标／搜救雷达应答器正在发射 My EPIRB／SART is transmitting 83.保持对水中救生艇对高度警觉瞭望 keep sharp lookout for life boats in water 84.严禁使用明火
The use of naked light and open fire is strictly prohibited 85.不要在电灯泡旁挂任何东西
Never hang anything over or near an electric bulb 86.当发现着火或闻到烟味时你必须立即作出反应
Always act immediately if you detect fire or smell fumes or smoke
87.将被污染当货物与其他货物分离
Separate contaminated goods from other goods 88.泄漏当气体有毒，将船开出风区
Turning the vessel out of wind－the spilling gas is toxic 89.用防水布将被污染当货物盖好
Cover contaminated goods with tarpaulins 90.仔细在货舱通风
Ventilate the hold carefully 91.关闭舱口，打开消费系统
Close the hatch and operate the fire extinguishing system 92.把航向转到最近的港口 Alter course for the nearest port 93.准备好溢油控制道具并报告 Stand by spill control gear and report 94.和油舱驳船在VHF的X频道上保持联系
Maintain contact on VHF channels X with the bunker barge
95.我很高兴地通知你们：所有安全设备都以备妥，船首门和船尾门已经关闭且固定好。船已经在各方面做好航行准备。请大家仔细听以下地安全指示：在不幸地紧急情况中，请遵守公共场合系统给出的命令。
I have pleasure in informing you all safety equipment is in full working order. The bow/astern doors are closed and secured. The vessel is in all respects ready for sea. Please listen carefully to the safety instructions which follow. In the unlikely event of an emergency, please obey the order given on the public address system.
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96.所有船舶所有船舶，这是211239680机动船伯特，呼号DAMK，位置66°11.8′N，7°44′E，我船主机出了问题，需拖轮协助 ALL STATIONS ALL STATIONS
THIS IS TWO-ONE-ONE-TWO-THREE-NINE-SIX-EIGHT-ZER MOTOR VESSEL “BIRTE” CALL SIGN DAMK I HVE PROBLEMS WITH ENGINES I REQUIRE TUG ASSIS 97.请注意！请注意！
我是你们船长，我有重要通知宣布：我船在首尖舱有少量进水，但这对我们的船舶和乘客没有直接影响，也不必发出警报。出于安全问题，我们要求所有乘客去你们可到甲板的空地等待进一步指示，请遵守船员和驾驶员的指示。 船上的堵漏队正在堵漏，我们也用无线电通知了沿海的电台，进水已被控制。我一接到进一步安全消息便会通知你们。我要求你们保持镇静，现在没有危险，所有涉及到船舶日常规则的都已被遵守。 Attention please！Attention please！
This is your caption with an important announcement. We have a minor flooding in the bow forepeak tank, but there is no immediate danger to our passengers or the ship and there is no reason to be alarmed. For safety reasons we request all passengers to go to their assembly stations on deck and wait for further instructions. Please follow the instructions given by the officers and crew.
The ship’s damage control team is fighting the flooding. We also have radio contact with the coast radio stations. The flooding is under control. I ask you kindly to remain calm. There is no danger at this time. All regulations about vessel’s routine are obeyed.
三、句子英译汉（10题*3分＝30分） 30% I.P320句子翻译
1.The lifeline shall be capable of being attached by means of a snap-hook to the harness of the apparatus or to a separate belt in order to prevent the breathing apparatus becoming detached when the lifeline is operated
安全绳应能用弹簧扣连接到呼吸器到安全带上或呼吸器到独立
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皮带上以防止呼吸器在安全绳作业到情况下脱落 2.A portable foam application unit shall consist of a foam nozzle/branch pipe, either of a self-inducting type or in
combination with a separate inductor, capable of being connected to the fire main by a fire house, together with a portable tank containing at least 20L of foam concentrate and at least one spare tank of foam concentrate of the same capacity.
一个移动式泡沫灭火器应由一个泡沫喷嘴／分支管组成，这个喷嘴是自感应式到或是与一个独立感应街头结合，它能够通过消防皮带连接到消防管。灭火器同时还装有一个便于携带至少20升泡沫的容器和一个备有相同体积泡沫的容器。
3.A spokeswoman explained that lifeboats were hoisted and lowered empty, with crew boarding them from launches once they had reached the water to carry out casting-off and engine-testing procedures.
一个发言人解释道：救生艇在升降过程中是无人的，当救生艇到达水面时，船员通过汽艇登上救生艇以进行脱钩工作和艇机测试工作。
4.Haffenden pointed out, however, that the accident appeared to have been caused by the failure of a davit rather of the lifeboat hook release system, which has been implicated in other incidents.
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哈芬顿指出：但是，事故很明显是由于吊艇柱故障引起吊而不是由于吊艇钩释放系统引起吊，这样的事故原因在其他事故中也出现过。
5.Unless expressly provided otherwise in the opinion of the administration, all LSA prescribed in this part shall be constructed with proper workmanship and materials.
除主管机关另有明文规定外，这部分所有的国际救生设备应由适当的工艺和材料建造。
6.The administration shall determine the period of acceptability of life-saving appliances which are subject to deterioration with age.
管理机关应确定救生设备的使用年限，这些设备会随时间老化。 7.Because the fire had damaged electrical and pumping systems, the ship took on more water than could be pumped out, causing it to develop a 22° list.
由于火灾已经损坏了电力与泵系统，船舶进水超过泵能排出的量，这造成船舶22度的横倾。
8.Immediately after this assessment, we will start the repair process to get the ship back in tiptop shape as soon as feasible. 评估之后，我们会马上着手维修工作，使船舶尽可能回到完美状态。
9.This had allowed the bow of the lifeboat to break loose,
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followed by the aft end, which, under extra weight, tore free of its attachments, causing the lifeboat to plunge top-down into the water.
这导致救生艇艇艏松开，随后艇艉松开。在额外重力的作用下，导致系固设备彻底松开，造成救生艇头朝下坠入水中。 10.Breathing apparatus shall be a self-contained compressed air-operated breathing apparatus for which the volume of air contained in the cylinders shall be at least 1200L, or other be capable of function for at least 30min.
呼吸器应是一种自给自足压缩空气的呼吸设备，它圆筒中的空气含量至少由1200升，或者能持续工作至少30分钟。 II．P172-175 的课文
参考词汇：kt海里（knot） vrb多变的（variable） slw慢的（slow） frq频繁的（frequently） stnr静止的（stationary） C摄氏度（Celsius degrees） wkn减弱（weaken） intsf加强（intensify） isol局部（isolated） sct零星（scattered） lgt（light） ocnl偶尔（occasional） dz毛毛雨（drizzle） ts雷暴（thunderstorm）
1. GENERAL SITUATION AT 072100 UTC: FOR DETAILS ON TYPHOON HAIKUI(1211)
PLEASE REFER TO THE 3-HRLY SHIPPING WARNINGS MARINE FORECAST FOR 24 HOURS FROM 080100 UTC HONGKONG = W3-4.DOWN TO 4000M IN HAZE ISOL SQUALLY SHOEWS AND TS.TEMP 33-28℃
KWANGTUNG= W TO SW 4-5. DOWN TO 4000M IN HAZE. ISOL SQUALLY SHOEWS AND TS.SEA UP TO 2M.
TAIWAN STRAIT = SW 5-6, 7 IN N. DOWN TO 2000M IN SCT SQUALLY SHOWERS AND TS.SEA 2-4M.
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世界时间7日21时的大势情况
针对12年第11号台风海葵发布的详细信息请参考每三小时更新的船舶警报。
从世界世界7日1时起的海事天气预报
香港：西风3到4级，有雾霾，能见度小于4000米，局部狂风大雨，气温28-33度。
KUWANGTUNG：西到西南风4到5级，局部狂风大雨，能见度小于4000米，海浪高2米。
台湾海峡：西南风5到6级，北部七级，零星狂风大雨，能见度小于2000米，海浪高2到4米。
2. Tropical Cyclone Warning
At 080300 UTC, typhoon haikui(1211) with central
pressure 965 hectopascalsuas was centred with 60 n miles of 29.8N, 120.9E and is forecast to move northwest at about 8 konts for the next 24 hours.
Maximum winds near the center are estimated to be 70kn
Radius of over 33 knot winds 120 nautical miles. Radius of over 47 knot winds 60 nautical miles. Radius of over 63 knot winds 30 nautical miles. Radius of over 2 meters waves 210 nautical miles.
Forecast position and intensity at 090300 UTC 30.7N,118.7E. Max wind 40 knots
Forecast position and intensity at 100300 UTC 30.9N,118.9E. Max wind 25 knots
Forecast position and intensity at 110300 UTC Dissipated over land.
The HONGKONG observatory’s tropical cyclone warning for shipping are issued about one and a half hours after the time of observation. They incorporate additional information derived from surface and upper-air statellite or radar-based positions given in the hourly bulletins for public.
The uncertainties, based on average errors, of the latest
analyzed position and 24, 28 and 72-hour forecast positions are of the order of 30, 150,250 and 350 kilometers respectively. 热带气旋警报
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世界时间8月31日，12年11号台风海葵中心气压965百帕在北纬29.8度东经120.9度中心范围小于60海里。预计在将来24小时以内8节的速度向西北移动。 中心最大风速70节
风速超过33节的半径范围120海里 风速超过47节的半径范围60海里 风速超过63节的半径范围30海里 风速超过2米的海浪范围210海里
预计世界时间9日3时到达30.7度北纬，118.7度东经，最大风速40节
预计世界时间10日3时到达30.9度北纬，118.9度东经，最大风速40节
预计世界时间11日3时在陆地上消失。
香港观测站到热带气旋警报是在一个半小时前观测的，它合并了从地面和上空传来的数据，因此有可能会和真实的情况或基于雷达位置所给出的每小时公共简报有点不同。
基于平均误差，最近、24小时、48小时、72小时的位置误差各自是30海里、150海里、250海里、350海里。
3. Australia
Wind gusts can be 40 percent stronger than the averages given here，and maximum waves may be up to twice the height. Weather situation
A vigorous northerly airflow ahead of a cold front which is expect near wilsons promontory at 1700hrs this afternoon. Gale warning for Victorian waters between Portland and cape schanck.
Winds: west to northwesterly 20 to 30 knots then tending west to southwestly and increasing up to 35 knots overnight. Combined sea and swell: increasing up to 7 meters.
阵风要比当地给出的平均风力强40%，最大海浪可能会达到原来高度的两倍。
冷锋前一股强有力的气流预计今天下午五点接近威廉逊海峡。 Portland 和 cape schanck.之间的大风警报
风：西风到西北风20到30节。然后在夜间转为西风到西南
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风，增强到35节。海浪和涌浪会增加到7米。
III．P380的课文 Taking over the watch
The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall not hand over the watch to the relieving officer if there is reason to believe that the latter is not capable of carrying out the
watchkeeping duties effectively, in which case the master shall be notified.
The relieving officer shall ensure that the members of relieving watch are fully capable of preforming their duties, particular as regards their adjustment to night vision. Relieving officers shall not take over the watch until their vision is fully adjusted to the light conditions.
Prior to taking over the watch, relieving officers shall satisfy themselves as to the ship’s estimated or true position and
confirm its intended track, course and speed, and UMS controls as appropriate and shall note any dangerous to navigation expected to be encountered during their watch.
Relieving officers shall personally satisfy themselves regarding the:
standing orders and other special instructions of the master relating to navigation of ship;
2 position, course, speed and draught of the ship; 3 prevailing and predicted tides, currents, weather, visibility, and the effect of there factors upon course and speed;
4 procedures for the use of main engines to manoeuvre when main engines are on bridge contral;and
5 navigational situation, including, but not limited to:
5.1 the operational condition of all navigational and safety equipment being used or likely to be used during the watch,
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5.2 the errors of gyro- and magnetic compasses, 5.3 the presence and movement of ships in sight or known to be in the vicinity,
5.4 the conditions and hazards likely to be encountered during the watch, and 5.5 the possible effects of heel, trim, water density and squat on under-keel-clearance.
If, at any time, the officer in charge of the navigational watch is to be relieved when a maneuver or other action to avoid any hazard is taking place, the relief of that officer shall be deferred until such action has been completed.
如果接班驾驶员还不能有效的胜任值班任务，值班驾驶员不得与接班驾驶员交班。这种情况下，船长需要引起注意。
接班驾驶员应保证接班人员有足够的能力完成接班任务。尤其注意他们对夜视能力的适应。接班驾驶员在视力没有完全适应夜间光线条件时不能接班。
在接班之前，接班驾驶员应把他们自己置身在船舶当前估算的位置或者真位置并确认船的计划航迹、航速、航向和合适的UMS控制，并且对他们在航行过程中可能碰到的危险进行标注。
接班驾驶员应根据以下情况调整自己： 1. 船长的有关航行的常规命令和特殊指令 2. 船位、航向、船速、吃水
3. 当前和预计的潮、流、天气、能见度，和在这些因素影响下的航向和速度
4. 当主机在驾驶台控制时操纵主机的过程 5. 包括但不局限于以下航行情况
5.1 值班期间正在使用或将要使用的航行及安全设 备的操作情况
5.2 陀螺罗经与磁罗经的误差
5.3 在视野中或已知附件会出现和移动的船舶 5.4 在值班过程中可能遇到的危险和突发情况
5.5 横倾、纵倾与水密度可能带来的影响以及富余水
深造成的船体下沉
不论何时，如果值班驾驶员要在一个正在发生的操作动作或避让其他危险动作时离开，他必须把这个动作完成才能离去。 VI．UNIT 7 COLREGS 第五条到第19条
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第 五 条 Rule 5
了 望 Look-out
每一船在任何时候都应使用视觉、听觉以及适合当时环境和情况的一切有效手段保持正规的了望，以便对局面和碰撞危险作出充分的估计。
Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight as well as by hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision.
第 六 条 Rule 6 安全航速 Safe Speed
每一船在任何时候都应以安全航速行驶，以便能采取适当而有效的避碰行动，并能在适合当时环境和情况的距离以内把船停住。
Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe speed so that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions.
在决定安全航速时，考虑的因素中应包括下列各点：
In determining a safe speed the following factors shall be among those taken into account:
1．对所有船舶： (a) By all vessels:
（1）能见度情况； (i)The state of visibility;
（2）通航密度，包括渔船或者任何其他船舶的密集程度；
(ii) The traffic density including concentrations of fishing vessels or any other vessels;
（3）船舶的操纵性能，特别是在当时情况下的冲程和旋回性能；
(iii) The manageability of the vessel with special reference to stopping distance and turning ability in the prevailing conditions;
（4）夜间出现的背景亮光，诸如来自岸上的灯光或本船灯光的反向散射； (iv) At night the presence of background light such as from shore lights or from back scatter from her own lights;
（5）风、浪和流的状况以及靠近航海危险物的情况；
(v) The state of wind, sea and current, and the proximity of navigational hazards;
（6）吃水与可用水深的关系。
(vi) The draft in relation to the available depth of water. 2．对备有可使用的雷达的船舶，还应考虑：
(b) Additionally, by vessels with operational radar:
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（1）雷达设备的特性、效率和局限性；
(i) The characteristics, efficiency and limitations of the radar equipment; （2）所选用的雷达距离标尺带来的任何限制；
(ii) Any constrains imposed by the radar range scale in use; （3）海况、天气和其他干扰源对雷达探测的影响；
(iii) The effect on radar detection of the sea state, weather and other sources of interference;
（4）在适当距离内，雷达对小船、浮冰和其他漂浮物有探测不到的可能性； (iv) The possibility that small vessels, ice and other floating objects may not be detected by radar at an adequate range;
（5）雷达探测到的船舶数目、位置和动态；
(v) The number location and movement of vessels detected by radar;
（6）当用雷达测定附近船舶或其他物体的距离时，可能对能见度作出更确切的估计。
(vi) The more exact assessment of the visibility that may be possible when radar is used to determine the range of vessels or other objects in the vicinity.
第 七 条 Rule 7
碰 撞 危 险 Risk of Collision
1．每一船都应使用适合当时环境和情况的一切有效手段断定是否存在碰撞危险，如有任何怀疑，则应认为存在这种危险。
(a) Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions to determine if risk of collision exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist.
2．如装有雷达设备并可使用的话，则应正确予以使用，包括远距离扫描，以便获得碰撞危险的早期警报，并对探测到的物标进行雷达标绘或与其相当的系统观察。
(b) Proper use shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and operational, including long-range scanning to obtain early warning of risk of collision and radar plotting or equivalent systematic observation of detected objects.
3．不应当根据不充分的资料，特别是不充分的雷达观测资料作出推断。
(c) Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty information, especially scanty radar information.
4．在断定是否存在碰撞危险时，考虑的因素中应包括下列各点：
(d) In determining if risk of collision exists the following considerations shall be among those taken into account:
（1）如果来船的罗经方位没有明显的变化，则应认为存在这种危险；
(i) Such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an
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approaching vessel does not appreciably change;
（2）即使有明显的方位变化，有时也可能存在这种危险，特别是在驶近一艘很大的船或拖带船组时，或是在近距离驶近他船时。
(ii) Such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident, particularly when approaching a very large vessel or a tow or when approaching a vessel at close range.
第 八 条 Rule 8
避免碰撞的行动 Action to Avoid Collision
1．为避免碰撞所采取的任何行动，如当时环境许可，应是积极的，应及早地进行和充分注意运用良好的船艺。
(a) Any action taken to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be positive, made in ample time and with due regard to the observance of good seamanship.
2．为避兔碰撞而作的航向和（或）航速的任何变动，如当时环境许可，应大得足以使他船用视觉或雷达观测时容易察觉到；应避免对航向和（或）航速作一连串的小变动。
(b) Any alteration of course and/or speed to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel observing visually or by radar; a succession of small alterations of course and/or speed should be avoided.
3．如有足够的水域，则单用转向可能是避免紧迫局面的最有效行动，只要这种行动是及时的、大幅度的，并且不致造成另一紧迫局面。
(c) If there is sufficient sea room, alteration of course alone may be the most effective action to avoid a close-quarters situation provided that it is made in good time, is substantial and does not result in another close-quarters situation.
4．为避免与他船碰撞而采取的行动，应能导致在安全的距离驶过。应细心查核避让行动的有效性，直到最后驶过让清他船为止。
(d) Action taken to avoid collision with another vessel shall be such as to result in passing at a safe distance. The effectiveness of the action shall be carefully checked until the other vessel is finally past and clear.
5．如需为避免碰撞或留有更多的时间来估计局面，船舶应当减速或者停止或倒转推进器把船停住。
(e) If necessary to avoid collision or allow more time to assess the situation, a vessel may slacken her speed or take all way off by stopping or reversing her means of propulsion.
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6． （1）根据本规则任何规定，要求不得妨碍另一船通过或安全通过的船舶应
根据当时环境的需要及早地采取行动以留出足够的水域供他船安全通过。 (f) (i) A vessel which, by any of these rules, is required not to impede the
passage or safe passage of another vessel shall when required by the circumstances of the case, take early action to allow sufficient sea room for the safe passage of the other vessel.
（2）如果在接近其他船舶致有碰撞危险时，被要求不得妨碍另一船通过或
安全通过的船舶并不解除这一责任，且当采取行动时，应充分考虑到本章条款可能要求的行动。
(ii) A vessel required not to impede the passage or safe passage of another
vessel is not relieved of this obligation if approaching the other vessel so as to involve risk of collision and shall, when taking action, have full regard to the action which may be required by the rules of this part.
（3）当两船相互接近致有碰撞危险时，其通过不得被妨碍的船舶仍有完全遵守本章各条规定的责任。
(iii) A vessel the passage of which is not to be impeded remains fully obliged to comply with the rules of this part when the two vessels are approaching one another so as to involve risk of collision.
第 九 条 Rule 9 狭 水 道 Narrow Channels
1．沿狭水道或航道行驶的船舶，只要安全可行，应尽量靠近其右舷的该水道或航道的外缘行驶。
(a) A vessel proceeding along the course of a narrow channel or fairway shall keep as near to the outer limit of the channel or fairway which Iies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable.
2．帆船或者长度小于20米的船舶，不应妨碍只能在狭水道或航道以内安全航行的船舶通行。
(b) A vessel of less than 20 meters in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within a narrow channel or fairway.
3．从事捕鱼的船舶，不应妨碍任何其他在狭水道或航道以内航行的船舶通行。 (c) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any other vessel navigating within a narrow channel or fairway.
4、船舶不应穿越狭水道或航道，如果这种穿越会妨碍只能在这种水道或航道以内安全航
行的船舶通行。后者若对穿越船的意图有怀疑时，可以使用第三十四条4款规定的声号。
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(d) A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if such crossing impedes the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within such channel or fairway. The latter vessel may use the sound signal prescribed in Rule 34(d) if in doubt as to the intention of the crossing vessel. 5．（1）在狭水道或航道内，如只有在被迫越船必须采取行动以允许安全通过才能追越时，则企图迫越的船，应鸣放第三十四条3款（1）项所规定的相应声号，以表示其意图。被追越船如果同意，应鸣放第三十四条3款（2）项所规定的相应声号，并采取使之能安全通过的措施。如有怀疑，则可以鸣放第三十四条4款所规定的声号。
(e) (I) In a narrow channel or fairway when overtaking can take place only if the
vessel to be overtaken has to take action to permit safe passing, the vessel intending to overtake shall indicate her intention by sounding the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(c)( i). The vessel to be overtaken shall, if in agreement, sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(c)(ii) and take steps to permit safe passing. If in doubt she may sound the signals prescribed in Rule 34(d).
（2）本条并不解除追越船根据第十三条所负的义务。
(ii) This Rule does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her obligation under Rule 13.
6．船舶在驶近可能有其他船舶被居间障碍物遮蔽的狭水道或航道的弯头或地段时，应特别机警和谨慎地驾驶，并应呜放第三十四条5款规定的相应声号。 (f) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel or fairway where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruction shall navigate with particular alertness and caution
and shall sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(e).
7．任何船舶，如当时环境许可，都应避免在狭水道内锚泊。
(g) Any vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid anchoring in a narrow channel.
第 十 条 Rule 10
分道通航制 Traffic Separation Schemes
1．本条适用于本组织采纳的分道通航制，但并不解除任何船舶遵守任何其他各条规定的责任。
(a) This Rule applies to traffic separation schemes adopted by the Organization and does not relieve any vessel of her obligation under any other rule.
2．使用分道通航制区域的船舶应：
(b) A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall:
（1）在相应的通航分道内顺着该分道的船舶总流向行驶；
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(i) proceed in the appropriate traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow for that lane;
（2）尽可能让开通航分隔线或分隔带；
(ii) so far as practicable keep clear of a traffic separation line or separation zone; （3）通常在通航分道的端部驶进或驶出，但从分道的任何一侧驶进或驶出时，
应与分道的船舶总流向形成尽可能小的角度。
(iii) normally join or leave a traffic lane at the termination of the lane, but
when joining or leaving from either side shall do so at as small an angle to the general direction of traffic low as practicable.
3．船舶应尽可能避免穿越通航分道，但如不得不穿越时，应尽可能用与分道的船舶总流向
成直角的船首向穿越。
(c) A vessel shall, so far as practicable, avoid crossing traffic lanes but if obliged to do so shall cross on a heading as nearly as practicable at right angles to the general direction of traffic flow. 4．（1）当船舶可安全使用邻近分道通航制区域中相应通航分道时，不应使用沿
岸通航带。但长度小于20米的船舶、帆船和从事捕鱼的船舶可使用沿岸通航带。
(d) (i) A vessel shall not use an inshore traffic zone when she can safely use the
appropriate traffic lane within the adjacent traffic separation scheme. However, vessels of less than 20 meters in length, sailing vessels and vessels engaged in fishing may use the inshore traffic zone.
（2）尽管有本条4（1）规定，当船舶抵离位于沿岸通航带中的港口、近岸设
施或建筑物、引航站或任何其他地方或为避免紧迫危险时，可使用沿岸通航带。
(ii) Notwithstanding subparagraph (d)(i), a vessel may use an inshore traffic
zone when en route to or from a port, offshore installation or structure, pilot station or any other place situated within the inshore traffic zone, or to avoid immediate danger.
5．除穿越船或者驶进或驶出通航分道的船舶外，船舶通常不应进人分隔带或穿越分隔线，除非：
(e) A vessel other than a crossing vessel or a vessel joining or leaving a lane shall not normally enter a separation zone or cross a separation line except: （1）在紧急情况下避免紧迫危险；
(i) in cases of emergency to avoid immediate danger; （2）在分隔带内从事捕鱼。
(ii) to engage in fishing within a separation zone.
6．船舶在分道通航制区域端部附近行驶时，应特别谨慎。
(f) A vessel navigating in areas near the terminations of traffic separation
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schemes shall do so with particular caution.
7．船舶应尽可能避免在分道通航制区域内或其端部附近锚泊。
(g) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid anchoring in a traffic separation scheme or in areas near its terminations.
8．不使用分道通航制区域的船舶，应尽可能远离该区。
(h) A vessel not using a traffic separation scheme shall avoid it by as wide a margin as is practicable.
9．从事捕鱼的船舶，不应妨碍按通航分道行驶的任何船舶的通行。
(i) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any vessel following a traffic lane.
10．帆船或长度小于20米的船舶，不应妨碍按通航分道行驶的机动船的安全通行。
(j) A vessel of less than 20 meters in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the safe passage of a power-driven vessel following a traffic lane.
11. 操纵能力受到限制的船舶，当在分道通航制区域内从事维护航行安全的作业时，在执
行该作业所必需的限度内，免受本条规定的约束。
(k) A vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver when engaged in an operation for the maintenance of safety of navigation in a traffic separation scheme is exempted from complying with this Rule to the extent necessary to carry out the operation.
12．操纵能力受到限制的船舶，当在分道通航制区域内从事敷设、维修或起捞海底电缆时，
在执行该作业所必需的限度内，免受本条规定的约束。
(l) A vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver when engaged in an operation for the laying, servicing or picking up of a submarine cable, within a traffic separation scheme, is exempted from complying with this Rule to the extent necessary to carry out the operation.
第 十 一 条 Rule 11 适 用 范 围 Application
本节条款适用于互见中的船舶。
Rules in this Section apply to vessels in sight of one another.
第 十 二 条 Rule 12
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帆 船 Sailing Vessels
1．两艘帆船相互驶近致有构成碰撞危险时，其中一船应按下列规定给他船让路： (a) When two sailing vessels are approaching one another, so as to involve risk of collision, one of them shall keep out of the way of the other as follows: （1）两船在不同舷受风时，左舷受风的船应给他船让路；
(i) when each has the wind on a different side, the vessel which has the
wind on the port side shall keep out of the way of the other; （2）两船在同舷受风时，上风船应给下风船让路；
(ii) when both have the wind on the same side, the vessel which is to
windward shall keep out of the way of the vessel which is to leeward;
（3）如左舷受风的船看到在上风的船而不能断定究竟该船是左舷受风还是
右舷受风，则应给该船让路。
(iii) if a vessel with the wind on the port side sees a vessel to windward and
cannot determine with certainty whether the other vessel has the wind on the port or on the starboard side, she shall keep out of the way of the other.
2．就本条规定而言，船舶的受风舷侧应认为是主帆被吹向的一舷的对面舷侧；对于方帆船，则应认为是最大纵帆被吹向的一舷的对面舷侧。
(b) For the purposes of this Rule the windward side shall be deemed to be the side opposite to that on which the mainsail is carried or, in the case of a square-rigged vessel, the side opposite to that on which the largest fore-and-aft sail is carried.
第 十 三 条 Rule 13 追 越 Overtaking
1.不论第二章第一节和第二节的各条规定如何，任何船舶在追越任何他船时，均应给被追越船让路。
(a) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rules of Part B, Sections I and II any vessel overtaking any other shall keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken.
2．一船正从他船正横后大于22．5度的某一方向赶上他船时，即该船对其所追越的船所处的位置，在夜间只能看见被追越船的尾灯而不能看见它的任一舷灯时，应认为是在追越中。
(b) A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking when coming up with another vessel from a direction more than 22.5 degrees abaft her beam, that is, in such a position with reference to the vessel she is overtaking, that at night she would be able to see only the stern light of that vessel but neither of her sidelights.
3.当一船对其是否在追越他船有任何怀疑时，该船应假定是在追越，并应采取相应行动。
(c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether she is overtaking another, she
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shall assume that this is the case and act accordingly.
4．随后两船间方位的任何改变，都不应把追越船作为本规则条款含义中所指的交叉相遇船，或者免除其让开被追越船的责任，直到最后驶过让清为止。
(d) Any subsequent alteration of the bearing between the two vessels shall not make the overtaking vessel a crossing vessel within the meaning of these Rules or relieve her of the duty of keeping clear of the overtaken vessel until she is finally past and clear.
第 十 四 条 Rule 14 对 遇 局 面 Head-On Situation
1. 当两艘机动船在相反的或接近相反的航向上相遇致有构成碰撞危险时，各应向右转向，从而各从他船的左舷驶过。
(a) When two power-driven vessels are meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses so as to involve risk of collision each shall alter her course to starboard so that each shall pass on the port side of the other.
2．当一船看见他船在正前方或接近正前方，并且，在夜间能看见他船的前后桅灯成一直线或接近一直线和（或）两盏舷灯；在白天能看到他船的上述相应形态时，则应认为存在这样的局面。
(b) Such a situation shall be deemed to exist when a vessel sees the other ahead or nearly ahead and by night she could see the masthead lights of the other in a line or nearly in a line and/or both sidelights and by day she observes the corresponding aspect of the other vessel. 3．当一船对是否存在这样的局面有任何怀疑时，该船应假定确实存在这种局面，并应采取相应的行动。
(c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether such a situation exists she shall assume that it does exist and act accordingly.
第 十 五 条 Rule 15 交叉相遇局面 Crossing Situation
当两艘机动船交叉相遇致有构成碰撞危险时，有他船在哪有或船舶应给他船让路，如当时环境许可，还应避免横越他船的前方。
When two power-driven vessels are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, the vessel which has the other on her own starboard side shall keep out of the way and shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid crossing ahead of the other vessel.
第 十 六 条 Rule 16
让路船的行动 Action by Give-way Vessel
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须给他船让路的船舶，应尽可能及早地采取大幅度的行动，宽裕地让清他船。 Every vessel which is directed to keep out of the way of another vessel shall, so far as possible, take early and substantial action to keep well clear.
第 十 七 条 Rule 17
直航船的行动 Action by Stand-on Vessel
1．（1）两船中的一船应给另一船让路时，另一船应保持航向和航速。
(a) (i) Where one of two vessels is to keep out of the way the other shall keep her course and speed. （2）然而，当保持航向和航速的船一经发觉规定的让路船显然没有遵照本规
则条款采取适当行动时，该船即可独自采取操纵行动，以避免碰撞。
(ii) The latter vessel may however take action to avoid collision by her
maneuver alone, as soon as it becomes apparent to her that the vessel required to keep out of the way is not taking appropriate action in compliance with these Rules.
2．当规定保持航向和航速的船，发觉本船不论由于何种原因逼近到单凭让路船的行动不能避免碰撞时，也应采取最有助于避碰的行动。
(b) When, from any cause, the vessel required to keep her course and speed finds herself so close that collision cannot be avoided by the action of the give-way vessel alone, she shall take such action as will best aid to avoid collision.
3．在交叉相遇的局面下，机动船按照本条二款（2）项采取行动以避免与另一艘机动船碰撞时，如当时环境许可，不应对在本船左舷的船采取向左转向。 (c) A power-driven vessel which takes action in a crossing situation in accordance with subparagraph (a)(ii) of this Rule to avoid collision with another power-driven vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, not alter course to port for a vessel on her own port side.
4．本条并不解除让路船的让路义务。
(d) This Rule does not relieve the give-way vessel of her obligation to keep out of the way.
第 十 八 条 Rule 18
船舶之间的责任 Responsibilities Between Vessels
除第九、十和十三条另有规定外：
Except where Rules 9, 10 and 13 otherwise require:
1．机动船在航时应给下述船舶让路：
(a) A power-driven vessel underway shall keep out of the way of: （1）失去控制的船舶；
(i) a vessel not under command;
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（2）操纵能力受到限制的船舶；
(ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver; （3）从事捕鱼的船舶；
(iii) a vessel engaged in fishing; （4）帆船。
(iv) a sailing vessel.
2．帆船在航时应给下述船舶让路：
(b) A sailing vessel underway shall keep out of the way of: （1）失去控制的船舶；
(i) a vessel not under command; （2）操纵能力受到限制的船舶；
(ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver; （3）从事捕鱼的船舶。
(iii) a vessel engaged in fishing.
3．从事捕鱼的船舶在航时，应尽可能给下述船舶让路：
(c) A vessel engaged in fishing when underway shall, so far as possible, keep out of the way of:
（1）失去控制的船舶；
(i) a vessel not under command; （2）操纵能力受到限制的船舶。
(ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver. 4．（1）除失去控制的船舶或操纵能力受到限制的船舶外，任何船舶，如当时环境许可，应避免妨碍显示第二十八条信号的限于吃水的船舶的安全通行。
(d) (i) Any vessel other than a vessel not under command or a vessel restricted
in her ability to maneuver shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid impeding the safe passage of a vessel constrained by her draft, exhibiting the signals in Rule 28.
（2）限于吃水的船舶应全面考虑其特殊条件，特别谨慎地驾驶。
(ii) A vessel constrained by her draft shall navigate with particular caution having full regard to her special condition.
5．在水面的水上飞机，通常应宽裕地让清所有船舶并避免妨碍其航行。然而在有碰撞危险的情况下，则应遵守本章条款的规定。
(e) A seaplane on the water shall, in general, keep well clear of all vessels and avoid impeding their navigation. In circumstances, however, where risk of collision exists, she shall comply with the Rules of this Part.
第 十 九 条 Rule 19
船舶在能见度不良时的行动规则 Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility
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1．本条适用于在能见度不良的水域中或在其附近航行时不在互见中的船舶。 (a) This Rule applies to vessels not in sight of one another when navigating in or near an area of restricted visibility.
2．每一船应以适合当时能见度不良的环境和情况的安全航速行驶，机动船应将机器作好随时操纵的准备。
(b) Every vessel shall proceed at a safe speed adapted to the prevailing circumstances and conditions of restricted visibility. A power-driven vessel shall have her engines ready for immediate maneuver. 3．在遵守本章第一节各条时，每一船应充分考虑当时能见度不良的环境和情况。 (c) Every vessel shall have due regard to the prevailing circumstances and conditions of restricted visibility when complying with the Rules of Section I of this Part.
4．一船仅凭雷达测到他船时，应判定是否正在形成紧迫局面和（或）存在碰撞危险。若是如此，应及早地采取避让行动，如果这种行动包括转向，则应尽可能避免如下各点：
(d) A vessel which detects by radar alone the presence of another vessel shall determine if a close-quarters situation is developing and/or risk of collision exists. If so, she shall take avoiding action in ample time, provided that when such action consists of an alteration of course, so far as possible the following shall be avoided: （1）除对被追越船外，对正横前的船舶采取向左转向；
(i) an alteration of course to port for a vessel forward of the beam, other than for a vessel being overtaken;
（2）对正横或正横后的船舶采取朝着它转向。
(ii) an alteration of course towards a vessel abeam or abaft the beam. 5．除已断定不存在碰撞危险外，每一船当听到他船的雾号显似在本船正横以前，或者与正横以前的他船不能避免紧迫局面时，应将航速减到能维持其航向的最小速度。必要时，应把船完全停住，而且，无论如何，应极其谨慎地驾驶，直到碰撞危险过去为止。
(e) Except where it has been determined that a risk of collision does not exist, every vessel which hears apparently forward of her beam the fog signal of another vessel, or which cannot avoid a
close-quarters situation with another vessel forward of her beam, shall reduce her speed to the minimum at which she can be kept on her course. She shall if necessary take all her way off and in any event navigate with extreme caution until danger of collision is over.
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