good（好的）- goods（货物） paper（纸）– papers（试卷；文件） wood（木头）– woods（森林） glass（玻璃）– glasses（眼镜） arm（手臂）– arms（武器）
time（时间）– times（次数；时代）
work（工作）– works（著作） water（水）– waters（某片水域） fish（鱼/鱼肉<不可数>）– fishes(鱼类；各种各样的鱼) people（人）– peoples（民族；人类） green（绿色的）– greens（蔬菜） look（脸色；看）– looks（面容；相貌） life（生活）- lives（生命）
2、在一些形容词前加定冠词the，可以当作名词来用，表示一类人。 年轻人 __________ 老年人__________ 死者__________ 富人 _________ 穷人_________ 聋人_________ 盲人 _________ the wounded __________ the unemployed ___________
3、在姓氏前加the, 姓氏后加s，表示“某某一家人”或“某某夫妇”，要看作复数形式。
the Smiths（史密斯一家） the Lees（李先生一家） the Zhangs（张先生一家）
4、在有一些动词或名词的词尾加-er、-ress、-r、-or或-ist，可以表示做这类动作的人。
* listen-listen__ teach-teach__ sing-sing__ play-play__ read-read__ kill-kill__ help-help__ own-own__ learn-learn__ perform-perform__ clean-clean__ speak-speak__ report-report__ wait-wait__/wait___ travel-travel__ bank-bank__ * drive-drive__ dance-dance__ write-write__
* swim-swim___ run-run___ begin-begin___ babysit-babysit___ * act-act__/act___ collect-collect__ visit-visit__ invent-invent__ direct-direct__ sail-sail__ translate-_________ (doctor / author) * art-art__ tour-tour__ novel-novel__ cycle(骑自行车)-_________ violin-violin__ piano-_________ (dentist / scientist / optometrist)
5、有一些教堂、宫殿、学院、商店等名称前有名词所有格时，后面的名词可省略。 * St. Paul’s = St. Paul’s Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂 St. James’ = St. James Palace 圣詹姆斯宫 Guy’s = Guy’s Hospital 盖伊医院 Queen’s = Queen’s College 女王学院 Johnson’s = Johnson’s Shop 约翰逊商店 * 肉店 面包店 理发店 裁缝店 * 去肉店
the butcher's shop = the butcher's
the baker's shop = the baker's = the bakery the barber's shop = the barber's the tailor's shop = the tailor's ___________________________
去面包店 ___________________________ 去理发店 ___________________________ 去裁缝店 ___________________________
6、名词作定语，有形容词的作用。
* apple tree（苹果树） fruit garden（果园） baby food（婴儿食品）
___________ 鞋店
__________ 表店
__________ 书店
_________________ 菜市场 ___________________ 花鸟市场 money market（金融市场） guest room（客房）
* 今天的报纸 ________________ 昆明的街道 ________________ 十分钟的路程 _______________ 一段十分钟的路程 _______________ 三小时的车程 _______________ 一段三小时的车程 _______________ 一小时的航程 ________________ 一段一小时的航程 _______________ 六星期的假期 ________________ 一个六星期的假期 _______________
7、注意一些“百”、“千”、“百万”等词的用法。 * 一百个学生 _______________________ 五百个学生 _______________________ 数以百计的学生 ____________________ * 一千个男老师 _______________________ 三千个男老师 _______________________ 数以千计的男老师 _______________________
1
* 一百万美元 _______________________ 两百万美元 _______________________ 数百万美元 _______________________ * 几千英里 a few ______________________ 几百万英镑 several ______________________ 成百上万的人 many _______________________
8、注意以下短语后所跟的名词。
① plenty of + 可数名词/不可数名词
lots of / a lot of + 可数名词/不可数名词 some / any + 可数名词/不可数名词 none + 可数名词/不可数名词 all + 可数名词/不可数名词
② a few / few + 可数名词
a (large/great) number of + 可数名词 many / how many + 可数名词 too many + 可数名词 several + 可数名词
2 ③ a (large/small) amount of + 不可数名词
a great deal of + 不可数名词 a little / little + 不可数名词 a bit of + 不可数名词
much / how much + 不可数名词 too much + 不可数名词
A、用a little, little, a few, few填空。
1. The woman is a little poor. She earns(挣钱) _________ money every day. The woman is very poor. She earns(挣钱) _________ money every day. 2. --I have _________ money. Could you lend me _________? Just five
dollars, will you?
--Sorry. I have less than five dollars now.
3. Tom is so shy that he has __________ friends in the school. He really hopes to have _________ friends.
4. There is _________ water in the bottle, is there?
5. Thomas is not an Englishman, but he knows _________ English and he can also sing _________ English songs.
6. There is only _________ orange in the bottle. 7. There are still _________ oranges in the basket.
8. --Would you like _________ (some/any/much/many) tea? --Yes, just _________.
B、用many, much, too many, too much, how many, how much填空。 1. There are ___________ people waiting in the bus station now. 2. ___________ honey do you need to make the pancake?
3. You can get ____________ information from the Internet if you search
carefully.
4. A strong wind will arrive in Kunming soon. It will bring ___________
rain.
5. --__________ kilos of beef do you want? --Three kilos, please! 6. --__________ are all the gifts? --Twenty dollars in all. 7. ___________ chickens do you keep on your farm? 8. ___________ chicken do you need in your bread?
9. My mother always tells me not to eat _________ junk food. She tells me that I should eat ___________ vegetables. 9、注意区别以下几组短语。
① a number of “许多的……” 后面接可数名词，谓语动词用复数结构 = many the number of “……的数目”后面也接可数名词，谓语动词用单数结构
* A number of children ______ (be) playing happily in the park.
* The number of the children in this kindergarten _____ (be) more than 200.
* The number of the private colleges _____ (have) increased these days. ② too much “太多的……”，修饰不可数名词；也可以放在动词后修饰动词 much too “太……”，修饰形容词或副词
* Don’t eat _________ meat. It’s bad for your health. * The coat is _________ expensive. I can’t afford it.
* There are _________ (too many/too much) people in the bookstore.
The shop is _________ crowded.
* You watch TV_________. That is really bad for your eyes.
* If you talk _________ during the concert, you will disturb other
people.
练习：I. 从四个选项中选出最佳答案。
( ) 1. Tables and chairs are made of______.
A. wood
B. woods
C. wooden D. some woods C. peoples D. the peoples C. this works
D. the works
( ) 2. I wonder why ______ are so interested in action movies.
A. people B. the people A. works B. work
( ) 3. I have read _____ of the famous young writer.
( ) 4. Let's meet outside the gate of ______ at 7: 00 tomorrow morning ?
A. the People's Park C. the Peoples' Park A. /; a
B. We; the
B. the People Park D. People's Park
D. The; a D. policeman D. pair D. block D. pair
C. businesses D. business letter
( ) 14. We came to a _____ and went in at last.
A. watches shop B. watch shop C. watchs shop D. watching shop ( ) 15. This shop sells apples, bananas and things like these. It's a _____.
A. book shop B. food shop C. fruit shop D. vegetable shop ( ) 16. She broke a ______ while she was washing up.
A. glass of wine B. glass wine C. glass for wine D. wine glass ( ) 17. I've forgotten both of the ______.
A. room numbers C. rooms number
B. rooms numbers D. room number B. Teachers' Day D. Teacher Day B. teacher's; mine D. the teacher's; mine
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( ) 18. September 10th is ______ in China.
A. Teacher's Day C. Teachers Day
( ) 5. ______Chinese people are _____ hard-working people.
C. The; the C. police C. set C. pair C. cup
( ) 6. The ____ were searching the robber in the street when I got there.
A. peoples B. polices A. piece A. piece. A. boxes
B. one B. set B. piece
( ) 7. If these trousers are too big, buy a smaller______. ( ) 8. Last weekend we bought a TV______.
( ) 9. There is a ______ of wood left on the ground. ( ) 10. _____ face to the south.
A. Windows of the room C. The room's windows A. woman driver C. woman drivers
B. The windows in room D. The windows of the room B. women driver D. women drivers
B. pictures of the park D. picture of a park B. businesses letters
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( ) 19. -- Is the broom under _____ desk? -- No, it's under______.
A. my teacher's; me C. the teacher's; my
( ) 20. Excuse me, where is the _____?
A. men's room B. men's rooms C. mens' room D. men room ( ) 21. The football under the bed is______.
A. Lily's and Lucy C. Lily and Lucy
B. Lily's and Lucy's D. Lily and Lucy's
( ) 22. This is my ______ math book .
A. sister Mary B. sister C. sister, Mary's D. sister's Mary's ( ) 23. He went to ______ shop to buy shorts.
A. a tailor
B. the tailor
C. a tailors D. the tailor's
B. Mary's and Jack sister D. Mary and Jack's sister
D. years
( ) 24. Joan is______.
A. Mary's and Jack's sister C. Mary and Jack sister A. year's
( ) 11. There are five ______ in our factory.
( ) 25. In a few_____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.
B. years'
C. year
( ) 26. It's about _____ walk from my house to the new park.
A. ten minute s' B. ten minute's C. ten minute D. ten minutes ( ) 27. The post office is a bit far from here. It's about______.
A. thirty minutes's ride
B. thirty minute's ride
( ) 12. Please take two_____.
A. picture of the park C. the pictures of a park A. business letters
( ) 13. They wrote most of their ______ in English.
C. thirty minutes' ride A. the world B. world A. Germans A. children's
B. Germen B. children
D. thirty minutes ride 7. The book isn't yours. It belongs to ____________ (Mary).
8. Here are some flowers for you, with our best ____________ (wish). 9. Both of the ____________ (child) like swimming.
10. Class Three were the ___________ (win) of the football match last time. Class Three was the ____________ (win) of the football match last time. 11. How many ____________ (sheep) are there on the hill? 12. His books are on those ____________ (shelf).
13. Some ____________ (visit) will come to our school this afternoon. 14. His ____________ (dead) made all of us very sad.
15. There are thousands of ___________ (travel) visiting Yunnan every year. 16. His father is a man of great ____________ (know)
17. With ____________ (Li Ping) help, the old man found his son at last. With the help of___________ (Li Ping), the old man found his son at last. 18. Edison is one of the greatest ____________ (invent) in the world. 19. What's the ____________ (populate) of your city?
20. At the ___________ (begin) of the class, Li Lei made a report in English. 21. March 8th is ____________ (woman) Day. And June 1st is ___________ (child) Day.
22. -- Is Lucy in ____________ (Kate) class?
-- No, they are in different ____________ (class).
23. ____________ (Tom) ____________ (father) car is black. 24. The ____________ (watch) look very nice.
( ) 28. Half_____ telephone calls are made in English.
C. the world's D. world's C. Germany C. child
D. German D. childs'
( ) 29. There are two new doctors in that hospital. They are from ______. ( ) 30. The PLA man saved three ______ lives in the accident. ( ) 31. Tom’s parents have spent ______ money on his education.
A, a lot B, plenty of C, quite a few D, a number of
( ) 32. _____ of people who take the underground to work is big.
A, The amount B, The number C, An amount D, A number
( ) 33. You can see quite a few ______ in the supermarket nearby.
A, fish A, time
B, fruit
C, sugar D, food
( ) 34. I spent a large amount of ______ preparing for the exam.
B, hours C, days D, times
B, a great number of D, a lots of
( ) 35. There are ______ fish sold at the supermarket.
A, a great deal C, a large amount of
( ) 36. --You look very tired this morning. What did you do yesterday?
--I did ______ Christmas shopping. A. a lot of
B. a few of
C. a number of
D. a piece of
( ) 37. --I’d like _______ grapes and pears.
--Oh, sorry! I only have _______ orange juice.
A. some; a few B. a few; some C. a little; few D. a little; a few
II. 用括号中的词的适当形式填空
1. Here is an ____________ (instruct) of the medicine in English. 2. Come this way, your ____________ (sit) is over there.
3. What is the ____________ (fly) number of their plane to Beijing? 4. ____________ (compute) is one of the most useful ____________ (invent) in the world.
5. The ____________ (own) of the watch is Mr. Brown. 6. He has never spoken to a ____________ (foreign) before.
1、注意有些名词加s和不加s表示的意义不相同。
good（好的）- goods（货物） paper（纸）– papers（试卷；文件） wood（木头）– woods（森林） glass（玻璃）– glasses（眼镜） arm（手臂）– arms（武器）
time（时间）– times（次数；时代）
work（工作）– works（著作） water（水）– waters（某片水域） fish（鱼/鱼肉<不可数>）– fishes(鱼类；各种各样的鱼) people（人）– peoples（民族；人类） green（绿色的）– greens（蔬菜） look（脸色；看）– looks（面容；相貌） life（生活）- lives（生命）
2、在一些形容词前加定冠词the，可以当作名词来用，表示一类人。 年轻人the young
老年人the old
死者the dead
5
富人 the rich
穷人the poor 聋人the deaf 盲人 the blind
the wounded 伤者 the unemployed 失业者 3、在姓氏前加the, 姓氏后加s，表示“某某一家人”或“某某夫妇”，要看作复数形式。
the Smiths（史密斯一家） the Lees（李先生一家） the Zhangs（张先生一家）
4、在有一些动词或名词的词尾加-er、-ress、-r、-or或-ist，可以表示做这类动作的人。
* listen-listener teach-teacher sing-singer play-player read-reader kill-killer help-helper own-owner learn-learner perform-performer clean-cleaner speak-speaker report-reporter wait-waiter/waitress travel-traveler bank-banker
* drive-driver dance-dancer write-writer
* swim-swimmer run-runner begin-beginner babysit-babysitter * act-actor/actress collect-collector visit-visitor invent-inventor direct-director sail-sailor translate-translator (doctor / author) * art-artist tour-tourist novel-novelist cycle(骑自行车)-cyclist violin-violinist piano-pianist (dentist / scientist / optometrist)
5、有一些教堂、宫殿、学院、商店等名称前有名词所有格时，后面的名词可省略。 * St. Paul’s = St. Paul’s Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂 St. James’ = St. James Palace 圣詹姆斯宫 Guy’s = Guy’s Hospital 盖伊医院 Queen’s = Queen’s College 女王学院 Johnson’s = Johnson’s Shop 约翰逊商店 * 肉店 面包店 理发店 裁缝店 * 去肉店
the butcher's shop = the butcher's
the baker's shop = the baker's = the bakery the barber's shop = the barber's the tailor's shop = the tailor's go to the butcher's shop / the butcher’s
去面包店 go to the bakery / the baker's shop 去理发店 go to the barber's shop / the barber's 去裁缝店 go to the tailor's shop / the tailor's
6、名词作定语，有形容词的作用。
* apple tree（苹果树） fruit garden（果园） baby food（婴儿食品）
shoe shop 鞋店
watch shop 表店
book shop/store 书店
vegetable market 菜市场 Flower and Bird Market 花鸟市场 money market（金融市场） guest room（客房）
* 今天的报纸 today’s newspaper 昆明的街道 Kunming’s streets 十分钟的路程 ten minutes’ walk 一段十分钟的路程 a ten-minute walk 三小时的车程 three hours’ ride 一段三小时的车程 a three-hour ride 一小时的航程 one hour’s flight
7、注意一些“百”、“千”、“百万”等词的用法。 * 一百个学生 one hundred students 五百个学生 five hundred students 数以百计的学生 hundreds of students * 一千个男老师 one thousand men teachers 三千个男老师 three thousand men teachers 数以千计的男老师 thousands of men teachers * 一百万美元 a million dollars 两百万美元 two million dollars 数百万美元 millions of dollars * 几千英里 a few thousand miles 几百万英镑 several million pounds 成百上万的人 many millions of people
8、注意以下短语后所跟的名词。
① plenty of + 可数名词/不可数名词
lots of / a lot of + 可数名词/不可数名词 some / any + 可数名词/不可数名词 none + 可数名词/不可数名词 all + 可数名词/不可数名词
② a few / few + 可数名词
一段一小时的航程 an one-hour flight 1
六星期的假期 six weeks’ holiday 一个六星期的假期 a six-week holiday
a (large/great) number of + 可数名词 many / how many + 可数名词 too many + 可数名词 several + 可数名词
2 ③ a (large/small) amount of + 不可数名词
a great deal of + 不可数名词 a little / little + 不可数名词 a bit of + 不可数名词
much / how much + 不可数名词 too much + 不可数名词
A、用a little, little, a few, few填空。
1. The woman is a little poor. She earns(挣钱) a little money every day. The woman is very poor. She earns(挣钱) little money every day.
2. --I have little money. Could you lend me a little? Just five dollars, will you? --Sorry. I have less than five dollars now.
3. Tom is so shy that he has few friends in the school. He really hopes to have a few friends.
4. There is little water in the bottle, is there?
5. Thomas is not an Englishman, but he knows a little English and he can also sing a few English songs.
6. There is only a little orange in the bottle. 7. There are still a few oranges in the basket. 8. --Would you like some (some/any/much/many) tea? --Yes, just a little. B、用many, much, too many, too much, how many, how much填空。 1. There are many/too many people waiting in the bus station now. 2. How much honey do you need to make the pancake? 3. You can get much/too much information from the Internet if you search carefully.
4. A strong wind will arrive in Kunming soon. It will bring much/too much rain.
5. --How many kilos of beef do you want? --Three kilos, please! 6. --How much are all the gifts? --Twenty dollars in all. 7. How many chickens do you keep on your farm? 8. How much chicken do you need in your bread?
9. My mother always tells me not to eat too much junk food. She tells me that I should eat many/too many vegetables.
9、注意区别以下几组短语。
① a number of “许多的……” 后面接可数名词，谓语动词用复数结构 = many the number of “……的数目”后面也接可数名词，谓语动词用单数结构
A number of children are (be) playing happily in the park. The number of the children in the kindergarten is (be) more than 200. The number of the private colleges has (have) increased these days. ② too much “太多的……”，修饰不可数名词；也可以放在动词后修饰动词 much too “太……”，修饰形容词或副词
Don’t eat too much meat. It’s bad for your health. The coat is much too expensive. I can’t afford it.
There are too many (too many/too much) people in the shop. The shop is
much too crowded.
You watch TV too much. That is really bad for your eyes.
If you talk too much during the concert, you will disturb other people.
练习：I. 从四个选项中选出最佳答案。
( A ) 1. Tables and chairs are made of______.
A. wood
B. woods
C. wooden D. some woods C. peoples D. the peoples C. this works
D. the works
( A ) 2. I wonder why ______ are so interested in action movies.
A. people B. the people A. works B. work
( D ) 3. I have read _____ of the famous young writer.
( A ) 4. Let's meet outside the gate of ______ at 7: 00 tomorrow morning ?
A. the People's Park C. the Peoples' Park A. /; a
B. We; the
B. the People Park D. People's Park
D. The; a D. policeman D. pair
( B ) 8. Last weekend we bought a TV______.
A. piece. A. boxes
B. set B. piece
C. pair C. cup
D. block D. pair
( B ) 9. There is a ______ of wood left on the ground. ( D ) 10. _____ face to the south.
A. Windows of the room C. The room's windows A. woman driver C. woman drivers
B. The windows in room D. The windows of the room B. women driver D. women drivers
B. pictures of the park D. picture of a park B. businesses letters D. business letter
( D ) 11. There are five ______ in our factory.
( B ) 12. Please take two_____.
A. picture of the park C. the pictures of a park A. business letters C. businesses
( A ) 13. They wrote most of their ______ in English.
( B ) 14. We came to a _____ and went in at last.
A. watches shop B. watch shop C. watchs shop D. watching shop ( C ) 15. This shop sells apples, bananas and things like these. It's a _____.
A. book shop B. food shop C. fruit shop D. vegetable shop ( D ) 16. She broke a ______ while she was washing up.
A. glass of wine B. glass wine C. glass for wine D. wine glass ( A ) 17. I've forgotten both of the ______.
A. room numbers C. rooms number
B. rooms numbers D. room number B. Teachers' Day D. Teacher Day B. teacher's; mine D. the teacher's; mine
3
( B ) 18. September 10th is ______ in China.
A. Teacher's Day C. Teachers Day
( D ) 5. ______ Chinese people are _____ hard-working people.
C. The; the C. police C. set
( C ) 6. The ____ were searching the robber in the street when I got there.
A. peoples B. polices A. piece
B. one
( D ) 7. If these trousers are too big, buy a smaller______.
( D ) 19. -- Is the broom under _____ desk? -- No, it's under______.
A. my teacher's; me C. the teacher's; my
( A ) 20. Excuse me, where is the _____?
A. men's room B. men's rooms C. mens' room D. men room ( D ) 21. The football under the bed is______.
A. Lily's and Lucy C. Lily and Lucy
B. Lily's and Lucy's D. Lily and Lucy's
--I did ______ Christmas shopping. A. a lot of
B. a few of
C. a number of
D. a piece of
( B ) 37. --I’d like _______ grapes and pears.
--Oh, sorry! I only have _______ orange juice.
A. some; a few B. a few; some C. a little; few D. a little; a few
II. 用括号中的词的适当形式填空
1. Here is an instruction (instruct) of the medicine in English. 2. Come this way, your seat (sit) is over there.
3. What is the flight (fly) number of their plane to Beijing?
4. Computer (compute) is one of the most useful inventions (invent) in the world.
5. The owner (own) of the watch is Mr. Brown.
6. He has never spoken to a foreigner (foreign) before. 7. The book isn't yours. It belongs to Mary (Mary).
8. Here are some flowers for you, with our best wishes (wish). 9. Both of the children (child) like swimming.
10. Class Three were the winners (win) of the football match last time. Class Three was the winner (win) of the football match last time. 11. How many sheep (sheep) are there on the hill? 12. His books are on those shelves (shelf).
13. Some visitors (visit) will come to our school this afternoon. 14. His death (dead) made all of us very sad.
15. There are thousands of travelers (travel) visiting Yunnan every year. 16. His father is a man of great knowledge (know)
17. With Li Ping’s (Li Ping) help, the old man found his son at last. With the help of Li Ping (Li Ping), the old man found his son at last. 18. Edison is one of the greatest inventors (invent) in the world. 19. What's the population (populate) of your city?
20. At the beginning (begin) of the class, Li Lei made a report in English. 21. March 8th is Women’s (woman) Day. And June 1st is Children’s (child) Day. 22. -- Is Lucy in Kate’s (Kate) class?
-- No, they are in different classes (class).
( C ) 22. This is my ______ math book .
A. sister Mary B. sister C. sister, Mary's D. sister's Mary's ( D ) 23. He went to ______ shop to buy shorts.
A. a tailor
B. the tailor
C. a tailors D. the tailor's
B. Mary's and Jack sister D. Mary and Jack's sister
D. years
( D ) 24. Joan is______.
A. Mary's and Jack's sister C. Mary and Jack sister A. year's
( B ) 25. In a few_____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.
B. years'
C. year
( A ) 26. It's about _____ walk from my house to the new park.
A. ten minute s' B. ten minute's C. ten minute D. ten minutes ( C ) 27. The post office is a bit far from here. It's about______.
A. thirty minutes's ride C. thirty minutes' ride A. the world B. world A. Germans A. children's
B. Germen B. children
B. thirty minute's ride D. thirty minutes ride
( C ) 28. Half_____ telephone calls are made in English.
C. the world's D. world's C. Germany C. child
D. German D. childs'
4 ( C ) 29. There are two new doctors in that hospital. They are from ______. ( A ) 30. The PLA man saved three ______ lives in the accident. ( B ) 31. Tom’s parents have spent ______ money on his education.
A, a lot B, plenty of C, quite a few D, a number of
( B ) 32. _____ of people who take the underground to work is big.
A, The amount B, The number C, An amount D, A number
( A ) 33. You can see quite a few ______ in the supermarket nearby.
A, fish A, time
B, fruit
C, sugar D, food
( A ) 34. I spent a large amount of ______ preparing for the exam.
B, hours C, days D, times
B, a great number of D, a lots of
( B ) 35. There are ______ fish sold at the supermarket.
A, a great deal C, a large amount of
( A ) 36. --You look very tired this morning. What did you do yesterday?
23. Tom’s (Tom) father’s (father) car is black. 24. The watches (watch) look very nice.
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