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课时提升作业 三十六
选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity
(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2017·湖北七校联考)
Nearly 19 percent of teachers of color(有色人种教师) left their jobs after the 2014-2015 school year. Some left for personal reasons like taking care of their families. But 50 percent said they left because they were dissatisfied with their employment situation, such as poor working conditions, student discipline problems and large class sizes. Thus, taking immediate measures to improve it is our top priority.
For years, researchers have proved the benefits of increasing the share of minority teachers in schools, especially as our public school system has turned to one that is made up mostly of minority students. Teachers of color, who are more likely than their white counterparts to choose to work in racially diverse schools, offer particular benefits to their students. Graduation rates increase among minority students when they are taught by racially similar educators, research shows. They can
also serve as positive role models, and their presence reduces the chance of racial discrimination at school.
The Shanker Institute report suggests that the rate of minority teacher hiring is not the whole problem. The problem is what happens after these teachers enter the classroom. These teachers often work in high-poverty rural schools. They are more likely to have less-desirable working conditions.
Diversity is a key component to equality and opportunity. Where there’s a diverse teaching workforce, all kids thrive. So solutions must be found at once to turn this trend around. Firstly, schools should develop mentorship programs that support minority teachers once they are in the classroom. Secondly, more money should be spent in improving working conditions in these schools. Of course, school headmasters should also be evaluated on their ability to retain teachers of color.
【文章大意】作者认为学校要留住有色人种教师, 关键是要提高他们的工作条件。
1. Among teachers of color leaving their jobs, half of them quit because ________.
A. they had to take care of their children B. they had to move to other places C. they eventually found better-paid jobs
D. their employment situation was unsatisfactory
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句But 50 percent said they left because they were dissatisfied with their employment situation可知是因为他们的环境状况不是令人满意的。
2. Which of the following is the main idea of the second paragraph? A. The solutions to increasing graduation rates among minority students. B. The benefits of increasing the share of minority teachers in schools. C. The reasons for teachers of color leaving their jobs in many schools. D. The ways to decrease the possibility of racial discrimination at school. 【解析】选B。段落大意题。根据第二段的第一句“For years, researchers have proved the benefits of increasing the share of minority teachers in schools, especially as our public school system has turned to one that is made up mostly of minority students. ”可知第二段的意思是: 增加少数民族教师在学校中的比例的好处。可得出答案为B。 3. Which of the following components is vital to equality and opportunity? A. Honesty.
B. Variety.
C. Ability.
D. Safety.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句Diversity is a key component to equality and opportunity. 可知多样性是平等和机会的关键组成部分。根据句意可知选B。
4. How did the author feel when writing the passage? A. He felt angry about the government.
B. He was satisfied with the present situation. C. He felt it urgent to solve the problem.
D. He didn’t care about diverse teaching workforce.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。 根据第一段最后一句 “taking immediate measures to improve it is our top priority. ”和最后一段第三句中 “at once”可知他觉得迫切需要解决这个问题。 【知识拓展】主旨大意题解题技巧
弄清文章的大意, 关键是找到主题句。各段的主题句也常在该段的首句或尾句。议论文和说明文一般有主题句, 但记叙文通常没有主题句, 需要归纳。找主题句的方法: 用浏览法(skimming), 即快速阅读文首、文尾或每段的首句和尾句等, 搜索主题线索和主题信息。本文第2小题是段落大意题。根据第二段的第一句“For years, researchers have proved the benefits of increasing the share of minority teachers in schools, especially as our public school system has turned to one that is made up mostly of minority students. ”可知第二段的意思是: 增加少数民族教师在学校中的比例的好处。可得出答案为B。
B
Learning new cultures is one of my favorite things to do.
College is a time for new and exciting experiences as well as a time to explore diverse and innovative(创新的)ideas. What could be better than traveling to China to learn about their ideas, history, and culture? I believe studying abroad is something that every college student should
do to help to expand his or her horizons, and to appreciate everything the world has to offer. I spent the first eight of my early years living abroad in two countries. From this rich period of growth, I acquired an identity as a global citizen, and the skills to independently navigate life in a foreign culture. It seems appropriate to support my next jump in life with an abroad experience that will show the directions in which I have grown since my early years, as well as provide a unique context for exploring the limits of my education.
Here is an undeniable advantage to living and studying in China; to be submersed in (投入)the Chinese life is the only way to fully understand and learn about how the country impacts and is impacted by the rest of the world. Not only am I learning about China, but I have also come to appreciate other countries in the world from a different point of view. Being in China has given me the chance to learn in a different environment, and I do not think there is any better way to learn the culture than to actually be there. I have a very strong admiration for the Chinese language, people, and culture. I will continue to apply my newfound knowledge to my entire life and the way I look at the world around me.
【文章大意】这是一篇社会生活类文章。作者以自己在国外生活的经历告诉了读者国外留学的好处。建议读者如果想了解外国文化的话, 最好是亲自到那儿生活。
5. What does the author say about studying abroad? A. College can be a barrier to study abroad.
B. Studying abroad can replace the college education. C. Not every college student suits for studying abroad. D. Studying abroad can enrich the experiences of living abroad. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第二段中的“I believe studying abroad is something that every college student should do to help to expand his or her horizons, and to appreciate everything the world has to offer. . . It seems appropriate to support my next jump in life with an abroad experience”可知, 在国外留学, 有助于拓宽学生的视野, 欣赏世界提供的一切, 丰富学生国外生活的阅历。 6. What did the author benefit from living abroad? A. Skills to live independently. B. All nationalities of the world. C. Growing to be a strong person. D. Unlimited education chances.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段中的“From this rich period of growth, I acquired. . . the skills to independently navigate life in a foreign culture”可知, 作者在国外生活, 获得了独立在国外生活的技能。
7. What does the author advise students to do about learning foreign cultures?
A. Learn foreign cultures locally. B. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. C. Appreciate cultures from different points of view. D. Try to impact foreign cultures with their own ones.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。由最后一段中的“I do not think there is any better way to learn the culture than to actually be there”可知, 了解外国文化的最好办法是在那儿生活, 由此可以推知, 作者建议学生们在当地了解外国文化。 【知识拓展】词汇积累 1. explore vt. 探索; 发现 2. diverse adj. 各种各样的 3. independently adv. 独立地 4. admiration n. 钦佩, 赞美
5. expand sb’s horizons 拓展某人的视野 6. from a different point of view
从不同的角度
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people describe American society as a salad bowl while others see it as a melting pot.
In a bowl of freshly tossed salad, all the ingredients are mixed
together. 1 All the ingredients of a salad contribute to the finished product. They may be covered with the same dressing, but the green vegetables, tomatoes, lettuce and eggs can all be seen for what they are.
2 Individual ethnic groups blend together, yet keep their cultural uniqueness. People may work together during the day at similar jobs and in the same companies, but at night they may return to their ethnic communities where their own individual culture directs their way of life.
The other concept, which is also used to describe American society, is the melting pot. 3 and yield a bit of what they were to become a new reality. The longer the soup is cooked, the better the taste and the more likely it will be for the mixture to dissolve. In this sense, America can surely be seen as a melting pot where people from all over the world come to live and work together forming one nation.
There are dozens of shared symbols. 4 —In such a culture, symbols like the flag and the nation’ s official song serve to break down the walls which separate ethnic groups.
Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot, America can best be described as a mixture of both. 5 A. They never lose their shape, form, or identity. B. Both are correct depending upon one’s point of view.
C. All of the ingredients mix together, losing their identity
D. That is to say, America is a nation where there is unity in diversity. E. From this point of view, America is very much like a salad bowl. F. Thus, one needs to abandon one’s culture to be considered “American”.
G. They serve to develop the various ethnic groups to create a new American society.
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了美国社会是一个大熔炉。
1. 【解析】选A。根据上句在沙拉碗里, 各种沙拉的成分混合在一起, 但它们还都保持各自的形状, 颜色及口味。
2. 【解析】选E。根据本段, 美国是一个多民族国家的原因是每一个少数民族都有自己的语言及风俗习惯。
3. 【解析】选C。下文主要讲述了美国社会被称为melting pot的原因。
4. 【解析】选G。根据本段, 来自世界不同地方的人来美国生活居住, 他们创造了一个新的美国社会。
5. 【解析】选D。根据文意美国是一个大熔炉, 美国的各个民族是多样性的。
Ⅲ. 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文 。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。错
误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除: 把多余的词用(\\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Life is always full of something that you can not expect. Bob is very sorry to have missed the first two lesson this morning. He got up early as usually in the morning, but when he was ready to leave he find his bicycle’s front tyre (轮胎) flat. He wanted to take taxi to school, and he didn’t have any money. He had to look for a place along the street to get his bicycle repairing. Unluckily, there were not any bicycle repair shops was open in the early morning. So he had to walk to school, carrying his bicycle all the way. That was the reason how he was late for school. He told Mr White not to worry with his lessons, for he would make up for it and turn to his teachers for help if necessary.
1. 【解析】第二句lesson改为lessons。根据 two 可知用名词复数。 2. 【解析】第三句usually改为usual。as usual 像平常一样。 3. 【解析】第三句find 改为 found。整篇文章叙述过去的事情, 故用过去式。
4. 【解析】第四句taxi前加a。固定搭配。take a taxi乘出租车。 5. 【解析】第四句and改为but。句意: 他想乘出租车去上学, 但是
他没有钱。
6. 【解析】第五句repairing改为repaired。此处是过去分词作宾语补足语, 表示被动关系。
【知识拓展】可接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词
①表示感觉或心理状态的动词: see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think, find等。例如: I heard the song sung in English.
②使役动词: have, make, get, keep, leave等。例如: I will have my hair cut tomorrow. He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.
7. 【解析】第六句去掉was。 此处open是形容词, 作定语修饰shops。 8. 【解析】第八句how改为why。 the reason作先行词, 在后面的定语从句中作原因状语, 应用why。
9. 【解析】第九句with改为about。固定词组。worry about担忧。 10. 【解析】第九句it改为them。根据前面的lessons可知应用them。
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