Be动词的用法：
现在时 I am, you are, he is, we are, you are, they are （缩略式 I'm, you're, he's, we're, you're, they're）, （否定缩略式 I'm not, isn't, aren't）, 过去时 I was, you were, he was, we were, you were, they were （过去时否定缩略式 wasn't, weren't）, 过去分词 been, 现在分词 being
1） be +现在分词，构成进行时态，例如：
They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。 2) be + 过去分词，构成被动语态，例如：
The window was broken by Tom.. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。 3） be + 动词不定式，可表示下列内容： a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排，例如：
He is to go to New York next week.. 他下周要去纽约。 说明： 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。 b. 表示命令，例如：
You are to explain this. 对此你要做出解释。 c. 征求意见，例如：
How am I to answer him? 我该怎样答复他？ d. 表示相约、商定，例如：
We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning. 我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。
现在进行时：
构成:主语+be+动词ing〔现在分词〕形式 第一人称+am+v-ing 第二人称+are+v-ing 第三人称+is+v-ing
定义：现在进行时表示现在或当前一般时间正在进行的动作。 可以表示有计划的未来。也是一般现在时表将来。 现在进行时的基本用法：
a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you.
b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. c.已经确定或安排好的将来活动
I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.（已经安排了） we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了） d.有些动词（状态动词不用于进行时态）
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1.表示知道或了解的动词:believe,doubt,forget,imagine,know, remember,realize,suppose,understand
2.表示“看起来”“看上去\"appear,resemble,seem 3表示喜爱或不喜爱hate,like.lover.prefer
4表示构成或来源的动词 be come from.contain,include 5表示感官的动词 hear see smell sound taste
6表示拥有的动词belong to.need.own .possess.want wish 【No. 1】现在进行时的构成
现在进行时由\"be+v-ing\"构成。be应为助动词，初学者最容易漏掉，它应与主语的人称和数保持一致。
【No. 2】现在进行时的应用
在实际运用时，现在进行时常用以下几种情况：
(1)当句子中有now时，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时。如： They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。
(2)以look, listen开头的句子，提示我们动作正进行，这时要用现在进行时。如： Listen！She is singing an English song.听，她正在唱英语歌。
(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时有this week, these days等时间状语，这时常用现在进行时。如：
We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。
(4)描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如： Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。
【No. 3】现在进行时的变化
肯定句式：主语+be( am, is, are)+现在分词+其它. 否定句式：主语+be(am, is, are) +not +现在分词+其它. 一般疑问句：Be(am, is, are) +主语+现在分词+其它？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词+其它？
对现在进行时的特殊疑问句的回答，它不可以用Yes或No直接作答，要根据实际情况回答。
c. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 The leaves are turning red. It's getting warmer and warmer.
d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 You are always changing your mind. 典型例题
My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.
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A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.
答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态，应用进行时，由于没有找到，其影响仍然存在，应用完成时，瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。 e:现在进行时有时可以用来表示赞叹或厌烦的感情.例如: He is always causing trouble. 他总是惹麻烦.
===================================== The Present Continuous Tense 现在进行时
现在进行时最容易出现错误的地方在动词的现在分词形式，我们在复习的时候要特别注意不规则动词的变化形式。 例如：
taking，taking是take的ing形式,以e结尾要去e加ing; swimming，beginning，putting,要双写最后一个字母,之后加ing;
buying,playing,teaching,等大部分单词直接加ing.
有一些特殊变化(或者说以Ie为结尾的重读闭音节的动词)的现在分词〔有3个〕,:lying—lie, dying ―die tying―tie 这些以ie结尾要去e再把I变y再加ing．
1.The Present Continuous Tense 现在进行时
2.现在进行时最容易出现错误的地方在动词的现在分词形式，我们在复习的时候要特别注意不规则动词的变化形式。
3.例如：
4.swimming，beginning，putting，taking，buying。
has和have的用法
has和have都表示有，但用法不同。
has用在第三人称单数形式（能转换成it的人称形式）中；have用在第一人称和第二人称中；如果一个句子中有does(或did)的话，has变为have，does就相当于一个还原器。 例句：
has：He has a bag.他有一个书包。 have：I have a pen.我有一知钢笔。 Do you have a book?你有一本书吗？
关于does的:Does he have a notebook?他有一个笔记本吗？ She doesn't have a computer.她没有一个电脑。
练习题
（Be动词）
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一、在下面的短文中填上恰当be动词。
I ______ a girl. My name _______ Mary. I ______ in Class 2, Grade 7. I ______ 12 years old. Here ______ my family photo. Look! These ______ my parents and those _______ my grandparents. This boy ______ my brother. He ________ 15 years old now. That ______ my cat, Mimi. It ______ very lovely.
二、在下面的题目中填上恰当的Be动词。（注意Be动词的时态） 1. I ________from Australia. 2. She _______ a student.
3. Jane and Tom _________my friends. 4. My parents _______very busy every day. 5. _______ there a Chinese school in New York? 6. There _____ some glasses on it.
7. There ________many monkeys in the mountain. 8. There_________ a beautiful garden in our school. 9. I _______ at school just now. 10. He ________ at the camp last week. 11. We ________ students two years ago. 12. They ________ on the farm a moment ago. 13. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year. 14. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday. 15. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 16. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
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17. There _________some water in the glass. 18. There __________ some bread on the table. 19. Where ________ your friends yesterday? 20. How old __________ you last year? 21. Which dog ________ yours? 22. Ten and two ________ twelve.、。
一、用am, is, are 填空 1) I _____ a student. 2) You ____ a doctor. 3) ____she from Jinan? 4) _____you American? 5) He _____ in Class 4, Grade 1. 6) It_____ a car. 7) They ____ cars
8) ____ your mother in China? 9) _____your friends in New York? 10) What ____her name? 11) These _____ buses. 12) Those _____oranges. 13) Where _____ her mother? 14) How old _____your teacher?
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15) What class _____ you in?
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not. 2. The girl______ Jack’s sister. 3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. 5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home. 7. How _______ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. 9. Whose dress ______ this? 10. Whose socks ______ they? 11. That ______ my red skirt. 12. Who ______ I?
13.The jeans ______ on the desk. 14.Here ______ a scarf for you. 15. Here ______ some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling. ...
人称代词物主代词练习题
一、用适当的人称代词填空：
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1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. ( she ) 2. China is a developing country. _________is in the east of Asia. ( its ) 3. What day is __________ today? — __________ is Thursday. (its) 5. I own a blue bike. The red one isn’t __________. ( I )
6. These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive.( them ) 7. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t __________? ( them )
8. Ling Ling is a girl. ____ studies in a primary school. ______ brother lives with ____ and helps ____ with______ lessons. ( she ) 9. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at Engliush . ( his ) 10. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ? ( she ) 11. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy. ( its ) 二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空
1. I ate all ____ sandwiches yesterday.( I ) Can I have one of ____ ? ( you ) 2. George has lost ____ ( his ) pen. Ask Mary if（是否）she will lend him ____ . ( she )
3.. Jack has a dog and so have I. ____ ( he ) dog and ____ ( I ) had a fight (打架). 4. The teacher wants you to return that book of ____ ( he )
5. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of ____ are coming to see us. ( they )
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6. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of ____ . (we ) 三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空 A. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空 1. Your football clothes are on the desk.
Please put _________(they，them，their，theirs) away. 2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green. We all like _________(she，her，hers).
3. (I，Me，My，Mine)_________ can’t get my kite. Could you help _________(I，me，my，mine)? 4. Tom can’t get down from the tree. Can you help _________(he，him，his)? 6. We can’t find our bikes.
Can you help _________(we，us，our，ours)? 5. These are _________(he，him，his) planes. The white ones are _________(I，me，mine). B. 填入正确的人称代词和物主代词
1. This isn’t________knife. _________ is green. ( she )
2. These are your books，Kate. Put __________ in the desk，please. (they )
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3. _______ must look after ________ things. ( you ) 4. Wei Fang，is that ________ ruler? Yes，it’s.( you )
5. They want a football. Give __________ the green one，please. ( they) 6. It’s Lin Tao’s bag. Give it to __________. ( he )
7. Is this pencil-box Li Lei’s? No，___________ is very new. ( he ) 8. This box is too heavy. I can’t carry _________. ( it ) Don’t worry，Let __________( I ) help __________. ( you)
9. _____ is a boy _____ name is Mike. Mike’s friends like _____ very much. ( he )
10. My sister is in _____ room. _____ is a teacher. ( she ) 11. Jane is a little girl. _____ mother is a nurse. ( she ) 12. We are in _____ classroom. _____ classroom is big. ( we) 13. My father and mother are teachers. _____ are busy ( them) 14. You are a pupil. Is _____ brother a pupil, too? ( you ) 四、用括号中的适当形式填空
（1）Are these ________（you）pencils? Yes, they are ________（our）. （2）—Whose is this pencil?
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—It’s ________（I）.
（3）I love ________（they）very much. （4）She is________（I）classmate.
（5）Miss Li often looks after________（she）brother. （6）—Are these ________（they）bags ？
—No, they aren’t ________（their）. They are ________（we）. 五、根据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填空：
1. Mary works in a book store. _____ likes ______work very much. 2. John and I are in the same school. ______ go to school together. 3. Everybody likes that sport, do ______?
4. She is a friend of _______ . We got to know each other two years ago. 5. Her sister makes all ______ own dresses.
6. I have many friends. Some of_______are good at English. 7. May I use ______ bike? ______is broken. 六、选择填空
1. Who’s singing over there ? — ________ is Sandy’s sister. A. That B. It C. She D. This 2. ________ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.
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A. She, you and I B. You, she and I C. I, you and she D. Her, me and you
3. Between you and ________, he is not a real friend. A. me B. I C. he D. his 4. My uncle bought a new bike for ________. A. theirs B. they C. me D. I
6. Here’s a postcard for you, Jim! — Oh, ________ is from my friend, Mary. A. he B. it C. she D. it’s
8. Little Baby knows that he should not take the things that do not belong to ________.
A. he B. his C. her D. him 9. Will anyone go on a trip with him ? — Not ________. A. I B. me C. mine D. he
10. Among those lovely toys, the brown toy dog was given by ________. A. he B. his C. him D. he’s
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