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四级试题及答案

2023-03-15 来源:爱问旅游网
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Now you’ll hear two long conversations. Conversation One

M: „And where do you recommend I shall stay?(19) What’s the Holiday Inn like?

W: It’s nice there. It’s in the city centre and has all the usual business facilities you’ll need. The service is first class.

M: Oh, good. So I’ll get a room there. Now, what’s the best way to get into the hotel from the

airport? Should I take a taxi?

W: Well, (20)you can, but you don’t have to. The subway system is very convenient.

M: Mmm„, Can you tell me something about the business hours? I mean, what time are the banks open?

W: The banks? They open at half past eight and close at four thirty. M: I see. And are they open on Saturday too?

W: I’m afraid not. And I’d better warn you, the shops close early on Saturday. During the week

they’re open until half past six, but on Saturdays they close at four. M: At four! Right. Now, what’s the weather like at this time of year?

W: Well, it’s (21)usually warm. But sometimes it turns very cold and wet. So don’t forget to take

what you may need with you. By the way, when are you going on this trip?

M: Oh, (22)not until the middle of the month. The fifteenth, I think. Anything else you want to advise me?

W: No, nothing I can see. It’s a nice country, peaceful and calm, and people are friendly. I’m

sure you’ll enjoy your stay there.

19. What are the two speakers talking about?

A)。由选项预测本题是主旨题。对话谈到了住处Holiday Inn(假日酒店),交通工具taxi和subway,bank和

shop的营业时间以及weather,可见是在安排旅行。

20. Why is it not necessary for the man to take a taxi to the hotel?

C)。由选项可知本题是对原因提问,男士的问句Should I take a taxi?是本题的提示信号,下面女士的回答:

you can, but you don’t have to否定了对方的想法,并直接说明了原因The subway system is very convenient,故答案为C)。

21. What’s the weather like at this season?

A)。由选项可知本题是对天气提问。What’s the weather like?是本题的提示信息,下面听到的usually warm,but sometimes it turns very cold and wet 即为本题答案。 22. When will the man go on the trip?

C)。由选项预测本题是对时间提问,听录音时要注意表示时间的词。本题也有提示问句:When are you going

on this trip? 其后的回答:not until the middle of the month. The fifteenth, I think.锁定了答案为C)。 Conversation Two

W: Bill, is that really you? I haven’t seen you for months.

M: Hello, Christina. Yes, it has been a long time. Good to see you. How have you been? W: I’ve been okay. I’ve just been so busy with school. We really should get together and catch

up. How about joining me for dinner tonight?

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M: (23) I’d love to, but I’m taking off for Miami at 8:00 tonight if everything goes well. I’m

going home because my brother is getting married on Saturday morning.

W: That’s great. Congratulations! I hope that you have a nice time at home. You’ll just have to

take a rain check on that dinner invitation.

M: Well, what are you doing now? Maybe we can go to the coffee shop and chat for a while. There is

an attractive, little place I know of down the street.

W: (24) I really wish I could, but I’m on my way to the tennis courts. M: Tennis courts? I didn’t know you could play tennis.

W: It sounds like that, but actually I can’t. (24) I’m taking lessons so I can learn. My roommate

is on the tennis team and she’s gotten me interested in the sport. Do you know how to play? M: A little, but I haven’t played for years. I really like the game, though. (25) When I come back

from my trip, I think I’ll join you in taking lessons. W: It’s a deal. Just give me a call when you get back. M: You got it.

23. What will the man do tonight?

A)。由选项可知本题是对男士将要发生的动作进行判断。寒暄后,女士提出dinner tonight,男士回答I’d love

to,but„委婉拒绝了邀请。But提示后面为原因,I’m taking off for Miami,后又补充说是going home,故答案为A)。其后的rain check是“延期”的意思。 24. Why can’t the woman join the man for coffee?

C)。由选项预测本题是对原因提问。由上题可知男士无法与女士共进晚餐,因而提出了go to the coffee shop

and chat for a while的建议,女士回答:I really wish I could, but„同样委婉拒绝了邀请,并提示后面的原因,即I’m on my way to the tennis courts. I’m taking lessons.与C) 相符。 25. Which of the following did the man agree to do?

D)。由选项可知本题同样是对男士的行为进行判断。抓住关键句I’ll join you in taking lessons.即可推

断出答案为D)。 Section B Passage One

If you’re confused about how much water you really need, I’m not surprised.

(26)Conflicting advice in recent headlines appears against the old “8 a day” advice we all grew up with. Is it necessary to swallow down eight glasses of water daily, or is this recommendation exaggerated and out of date? We’ve heard for years that eight glasses of water daily is the minimum necessary to keep healthy. Your weight loss and health depend on it. Drink the minimum and see clearer skin, better sleep, and improved vision. We’re warned of the danger of water shortage in our body without at least eight glasses. But, (27)the tide has turned away from liquid requirement toward examining your daily diet, including what you eat, as well as what you drink. The answer is — you need what you need! If it’s summer, you need more. If you’re exercising, you need more. If you’re a “normal person who sits a lot, who is not sweating, and not exercising more than 15-20 minutes daily, Dr. Heinz Valtin of Dartmouth Medical School says you need no more than four glasses of water daily. Most drinks can be counted as part of your daily fluid consumption. Although the World Health Organization recommends that everyone drink a minimum of two liters of water daily, or about eight cups, (28)the old “8 a day” rule is based on studies performed on people under extraordinary circumstances, including soldiers at high altitude and hospitalized patients. What you and I need is different.

26. What is the traditional opinion concerning water drinking?

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C)。预读选项可知,本题与饮水习惯有关。考题考查的是traditional opinion。遵循短文听力听首尾句的原

则,在文章第一句提出问题后,第二句接着就说到Conflicting advice in recent headlines appears against the old “8 a day” advice we all grew up with,符合题目中traditional opinion的要求,C)为答案。

27. According to the passage, what is the more proper way of drinking water?

B)。分析选项可知,本题与饮水的根据有关。文章开始先分析了传统的每天8杯水的观点,接着用一个but进

行转折,提出新的观点。由于在短文理解中but、however、only、just等后面往往是出考题之处,可知本题的考点即在此处:“But, the tide has turned away„the answer is — you need what you need!”。 28. Why does the author believe that the “8aday” rule doesn’t apply to all people? C)。本题的考点在文章结尾,分析选项可知,本题考查制定“8aday” rule的原因。本题中需要注意的

是although引导的让步状语从句,事实上,主句前隐含了转折的意味,与but、however等一样,这是一个暗含的出题点。The old “8aday” rule is based on studies performed on people under extraordinary circumstances,遵循“听到即是解”的原则,C)为答案。 Passage Two

Weddings in the United States vary as much as the people do. There are church weddings; there are weddings on mountain tops with guests barefooted; and there have been weddings underwater on the ocean floor. But (29)many weddings, no matter where they are performed, include certain traditional customs. Before a couple is married, they become engaged. And then invitations are sent to those who live nearby, their close friends and their relatives who live far away. When everything is ready, then comes the most exciting moment. The wedding itself usually lasts between 20 and 40 minutes. The guests enter the church first while the wedding music is played. The bride carrying flowers enters last with her father who will “give her away”. The bridegroom enters the church from a side door. (30)Then the couple will exchange their solemn promises to each other. It is traditional to use the words “To have and to hold from this day forward, for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, to love and to care, till death do us part”. Following this, the couple exchange rings. Wearing the wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand is an old custom. After the ceremony there is often a party, called a “reception” which gives the wedding guests an opportunity to congratulate the newlywedded couple. After all the procedures, (31)the couple runs to the car under a shower of rice thrown by the wedding guests. And then the couple just go on their honeymoon.

29. What is in common for those weddings held in different locations?

A)。通过预读选项可知,本题与婚礼习俗有关。文章一开头就列举了各种不同的婚礼方式,然后用but进行转

折,many weddings, no matter where they are performed, include certain traditional customs,but后面的内容即是本题的答案。本题中的B)具有干扰性,主要考查考生对读音相近的两个单词customs和costumes的辨析。

30. What will the new couple do after all the guests enter the church?

C)。分析选项可知,本题与婚礼的一个环节有关,因此听录音时一定要对婚礼进行的过程仔细辨听,最好做

些记录。听音后可知,婚礼仪式的程序是:宾客入场、新娘入场、新郎入场、交换誓言、交换戒指和举行宴会。其中Then the couple will exchange their solemn promises to each other是本题的考查内容。 31. What is the custom before the couple goes on a honeymoon?

D)。预读选项可知,本题与婚礼结束后的习俗有关。考点在文章的结尾:the couple run to the car under a

shower of rice thrown by the wedding guests. And then the couple just go on their honeymoon. Passage Three

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The computer virus is an outcome of the computer overgrowth in the 1980s. (32)The cause of the term “computer virus” is the likeness between the biological virus and the evil program infected with computers. The origin of this term came from an American science fiction “The Adolescence of P-1” written by Thomas J. Ryan, published in 1977. Human viruses invade a living cell and turn it into a factory for manufacturing viruses. However, (33)computer viruses are small programs. They expand by attaching a copy of themselves to another program. Once attached to the host program, the viruses then look for other programs to “infect”. In this way, the virus can spread quickly throughout a hard disk or an entire organization when it infects a LAN or a multiuser system. The timing of the attack can be linked to a number of situations, including a certain time or date, the presence of a particular file, the security level of the user, and the number of times a file is used. Likewise, the mode of attack varies. (34)So called “benign” or the harmless viruses might simply display a message, like the one that infected IBM’s main computer system last Christmas with a season’s greeting. (35)Malignant or the harmful viruses are designed to damage the system. The attack is to wipe out data, to delete files, or to format the hard disk.

32. How did the name of “computer virus” come into being?

A)。通过预读选项可知,本题与电脑病毒有关。应遵循短文听力听首尾的原则,文章一开始就明确了说明对象

是computer virus。本题考查该名称的由来,但文中是以原因的形式出现的:The cause of the term “computer virus” is the likeness between the biological virus and the evil program infected with computers,A)的说法正是该定义的简短描述。其中,resemble是“„与„相似的”意思,而文中的说法是the likeness between„and„,二者是一致的。

33. What is the way that the computer viruses infect the computer systems?

B)。分析选项可知,本题考查电脑病毒的工作方式。由于其特殊性,可遵循“听到即是解”的原则解题。文章

先介绍了人类病毒的工作方式,然后用一个however引出了本题的答案:computer viruses are small programs. They expand by attaching a copy of themselves to another program。 34. What is a “benign” virus?

D)。预读选项可知,本题与一种电脑病毒有关。题目中的benign是关键词,由此可以很容易定位到:So called

“benign” or the harmless viruses might simply display a message„,可见本题的答案是以同位语的形式出现的,所谓“良性”病毒就是D)所说的不会造成危害的病毒。 35. What can a “malignant” virus do to your computer?

B)。预读选项可知,本题仍然与一种电脑病毒有关。由于上一道题目考查了“良性”病毒,根据常识可以推断

本题定然会考查与之相对应的“恶性”病毒的危害。听录音时的关键词是malignant,由此可以很容易定位到:Malignant or the harmful viruses are designed to damage the system,这正是B)的同义表达。 Section C 36. outline

[点拨]空格前是and,and前后成分相同,所以空格处为动词原形。根据句意推测:宇宙未来可以预测,但这并不意味着单单坐着就肯定能够概括宇宙未来的发展过程。 37. certainty

[点拨]空格前是anything like,后面应该为名词。由36题的分析,可以推出这里表示“一定,肯定”的意思。 38. exactly

[点拨]空格前是动词know,后面是宾语,可见中间缺一副词来修饰know。根据前后文可以推测:我们不清楚宇宙的构成,但却十分清楚我们的知识领域缺乏什么信息。 39. idea

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[点拨]空格前是a good,可见空格处为名词。根据38题分析,接下来的句意应该是:我们也清楚地知道如何得到这些信息。 40. imagine

[点拨]空格前是不定式to,可见空格处为动词原形。根据句意推测:我们考虑目前形势的最佳方式就是假想一辆进站的火车。 41. determined

[点拨]空格前是is completely,可知空格处为动词的过去分词。根据句意,火车进站前所有的开关都设定好了,我们可以推测:它前进的路就完全确定了。 42. possible

[点拨]空格前是some,后为futures,可以确定空格处是一形容词。前后句连起来的意思为:如果能看清开关的设置,就可以肯定有些未来是不能实现的,而其余的能够实现。 43. switches

[点拨]空格前是the unseen,可见空格为名词。前面的句子交代了有些开关是可见的,有些是不可见的,所以这里应该是不可见的开关switches。

44. We know the train will take one of the tracks leading out, but we have no idea which one [听音关键词]know,train,take tracks,no idea,which one

45. When we think about the future of the universe, we can see our “track” many billions of years into the future

[听音关键词]think about,future of universe,see track,billions

46. The goal of science is to reduce the vagueness at the decision points and find the true road that will be followed

[听音关键词]goal of science,reduce vagueness,find true road

Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) Section A

随着全球能源紧张和环境污染日益严重,绿色建筑逐渐成为全世界共同关注的话题。其特点为减少能源和资源消耗,并尽可能采用新技术和新材料。 47. nearly 50%

[定位]根据题干中的Swiss Re Tower可以定位到第一段第二句:Thanks to its artful design and some fancy technology, it is expected to consume up to 50% less energy than a comparable conventional office building.

[精解]题目问的是得益于其精良的设计、先进的技术,Swiss Re Tower比传统办公大楼能节省多少能源。该句意为“由于其设计精良,技术先进,Swiss Re Tower有望比传统建筑节能近50%”。题干中的owing to与原文中thanks to的同义,traditional与conventional同义。by在此句中为介词,表程度相差多少的意思,后面应接数字。故答案为nearly 50%。 48. the energy crisis of the 1970s

[定位]根据题干中的green architecture可以定位到第二段Green architecture, „has its origins in the energy crisis of the 1970s„.

[精解]由该段可知:绿色建筑的来源要追溯到20世纪70年代的能源危机。题目中的could date back to是对has its origins in the energy crisis of the 1970s的同义转述,故答案为the energy crisis of the 1970s。

49. widely taken into consideration in the developed world

[定位]根据题干中提到的assessing and rating可以定位到第三段第二句:This approach has since been formalized in a number of assessment and rating systems, such as the BREEAM standard introduced

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in Britain in 1990, and the LEED standard developed by the United States Green Building Council starting in 2000.

[精解]本题考查在一系列建筑评估体系中,建筑的维修和保养对环境的长期影响也在评估之列。根据This approach has since been formalized in a number of assessment and rating systems可知,这一原则已被成文化,而且下文举例提到了英国的BREEAM和美国的LEED standard,据此可知,这一规则已被发达国家引起重视。空格处缺少谓语动词,且位于has been之后,故答案应为widely taken into consideration in the developed world。 50. cutting long term energy costs

[定位]由题干中的green, reduce将答案定位到原文第四段第一句:Going green saves money by reducing longterm energy costs;„

[精解]题目问的是绿色建筑怎样降低了成本。题干中的reduce expenditure是对saves money的同义转述,by在句中作原因状语,后应接动词的现在分词形式,即cutting longterm energy costs。 51. economic benefits

[定位]根据benefit可以定位到第五段第二句:The use of natural daylight in office buildings, for example, as well as reducing energy costs, also seems to make workers more productive. [精解]题目问的是除了节省成本,绿色建筑还有哪些优势。根据下面提到的make workers more productive可知,它还可以为企业带来经济效益,故答案为economic benefits。 Section B Passage One

(52)电视通常被认为是不利于智力的媒介。但是真正聪明的人知道怎样利用最没有价值的东西,而这就是在伦敦卫生和热带医药学校的Val Curtis和她的同事们所做的事。(52)她们借助具有大众市场吸引力的电视来测试一个提出已久却没有被证实的假设:恶心的感觉是人们为了预防疾病而产生的。

(52)(53)他们的试验在2007年10月通过BBC一个被叫做“人类本能”的专栏节目上进行公布。他们邀请观众访问一个网站,在给出一系列个人细节信息后,(53)观众要看20张图片,并且用1-5分按照令人恶心的程度给照片打分。他们还要从一系列可能的候选人名单中选出他们最不愿意与谁共用牙刷。

测试结果显示,在所有七组图片中,疾病迹象很明显的图片比无疾病迹象的图片更令人恶心。对明显的体液外流或是有着被“放大了”的斑点的人脸的恶心就没有什么令人吃惊的了。只是一个拥挤的火车车厢比空着的要更令人恶心,而且(54)虱子比马蜂更令人恶心。

这些最终的结果证实了Curtis大夫的怀疑,即恶心不像很多研究恶心的学者认为的只是一种避免吃带有疾病的物质的方式。其实,恶心可以延伸到可能造成传染的威胁上。实际上,该研究的一个结果证实了年轻人比老年人更容易恶心。另外一个结果是女性比男性更容易恶心。这两点都有着进化方面的意义。(55)年轻人比老年人更具有繁殖能力,所以应该更注意他们接触什么和吃些什么。而妇女通常是负有养育孩子的担子,所以也必须为了后代和自身的利益去恶心。

牙刷试验的结果也有同样的道理。陌生人比熟人更容易携带新的病菌。因此,在与之共用牙刷的可选择项中,邮递员是最令人恶心的,而爱人则是最不令人恶心的。然而人们好像宁肯和天气预报员共用牙刷也不愿意和老板共用。(56)很明显,英国人对天气预报员比对老板感到亲近。或许在选项中放上一个著名电视节目主持人会更有启发意义?

52. D)。[定位]由题干定位到首段首句Television is often viewed as an antiintellectual medium. [精析]从原文首段最后一句“她们借助具有大众市场吸引力的电视来测试一个提出已久却没有被证实的假设”可推知,研究人员只不过是利用电视作为宣传他们的测试的媒体。第2段首句说“他们在BBC的节目上公布这个测试”也进一步证明了提到电视只不过是为了引出宣传该测试的媒介。故D)“介绍借以宣传测试的媒介”为正确答案。

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排除干扰A)“证明一些学者的声明错误”在原文没有涉及;B)“证明电视是英国人日常生活的重要部分”并不是文章的中心所在,排除;C)“展示大众媒体是一个非常赢利的行业”在原文中没有提及;故均排除。

53. C)。[定位]由题干中的The experiment定位到第二段首句They set up their experiment in October 2007,

by publicizing it on a BBC programme called “Human Instincts”.

[精析]原文第二段一直在叙述试验进行的方式,主要是两件事,一是给图片定1-5的等级,二是选择你最不愿意与之共用牙刷的人。C)“为各种照片评级和进行一个选择”是对文意的概括,为正确答案。 排除干扰A)“观看名叫‘人类本能’的电视节目,并填写反馈表格”没涉及试验,而且试验里并没有填反馈表格,排除;B)“访问不同的网站然后给图片和数字配对”不是试验内容,排除;D)填写个人信息虽然正确,但是后面说“要选出一个牙刷”不是试验的内容,排除。

54. D)。[定位]由题干中的the result of the experiment定位到第三段首句The results showed that in all

seven pairs„

[精析]由原文“虱子比马蜂更令人恶心”可以推知D)“马蜂会比虱子让人感觉好些”符合文意。

排除干扰原文只是说对于明显的体液外流或是有着被“放大了”的斑点的人脸的恶心就没有什么令人惊奇的了,并没有在体液外流的人体和长满了斑点的脸之间进行比较,排除A);原文并没有对拥挤的火车车厢和虱子进行比较,排除B);原文并没有指明什么最令人恶心,且没有提及“流血的脸”也排除C)。

55. B)。[定位]由题干中的The results of the experiment make evolutionary sense可以定位到第四段第

五句Both of these make evolutionary sense.

[精析]联系定位句下文“年轻人比老年人更具有繁殖能力,所以应该更注意他们接触什么和吃些什么。而妇女通常是负有养育孩子的担子,所以也必须为了后代和自身的利益去恶心。”可以推知人们恶心其实都是和后代的安全相联系的。故B)“人们的恶心通常与孩子的安危相联系”为正确答案。

排除干扰原文reproductive potential指的是繁殖后代的能力,而非生产食物的能力,排除A);原文虽提及女性养育后代,但并未提及她们更倾向于独立于男性的帮助之外,排除C);原文并没有将老年人和女性进行对比,排除D)。

56. C)。[定位]由题干定位到末段首句The results of the toothbrush study made similar sense. [精析]联系原文可知,牙刷测试的结果也是“为了证明人们认为陌生人更容易携带新的病菌”。下文提到“很明显,英国人对天气预报员比对老板感到亲近”,由此推测C)“公众人物通常比老板更受英国人欢迎”正确。

排除干扰A)和B)的错误在于它们都说老板和邮递员本身是否干净,而试验只是说给人们的感觉,故都排除;D)的错误在于著名电视节目主持人其实根本不是测试选项之一,只是一个假设,无法判断其情况,也排除。

核心词汇及短语

acquaintance [ə'kweintəns] n. 熟人 disgusting [dis'gʌstiŋ] adj. 令人恶心的 depiction [di'pikʃən] n. 描写 unpromising ['ʌn'prɔmisiŋ] adj. 没希望的 candidate ['kændidit] n. 候选人

evolutionary [i:və'lu:ʃənəri] adj. 进化的 reproductive ['ri:prə'dʌktiv] adj. 生殖的 intimacy ['intiməsi] n. 亲密

instructive [in'strʌktiv] adj. 有启发性的 bring up养育

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Passage Two

提起健康问题,穷人的处境可谓雪上加霜。他们不但比富人更容易患上致命的传染病,而且他们远远没有能力去改善这一状况。二十年以前,美国的医生和人类学家 Paul Farmer开始了解决这一问题的历程。在政治动荡、贫困严重的海地郊区,他创建了以社区为基础的医疗保健体系,被称作“Zanmi Lasante”或“健康之友”。它不仅给数以千计的穷人提供适当的可以支付得起的治疗,(57)而且还越过医疗层面,想要解决让穷人得病或很难康复的社会原因。

正如Farmer大夫所说,改善穷人的健康不是单纯的医学挑战,而是人权问题。它与不平等、种族主义、性别歧视和其他形式的“结构型暴力”等压迫穷人的现象作斗争和发放药品一样紧迫。或者就像他的海地病人的描述,(58)“提供了药品而没有食品,就像洗完了手在灰尘中晾干”。

(59)遗憾的是,Farmer大夫的强有力的信息通常被他所写的书中的学术口吻给减弱了。然而该书确实在一些描写人类面临“结构型暴力”的篇章中高声呐喊。但是还是那些他亲身经历的故事让他对“愚蠢的死亡”的愤怒表达得铿锵有力。

这位善良的医生的动机和方法在《山外有山》一书中得到了更好的描述。这本由 Tracy Kidder 撰写的传记,追溯了Farmer大夫非同寻常的成长和教育背景,文字穿梭于海地中部的棚屋、哈佛大学医学院的礼堂和他后来在全世界所做的工作之间。尽管写得不错,但是 Kidder先生的书读起来并不舒服。作者本人很明显和他所写的人物关系紧密,他和 Farmer大夫一起到过温暖而贫困的海地,也到过寒冷而易得结核病的俄罗斯。(60)可能是因为关系太亲密了,作者好像一直在寻求被描写对象的赞同。他非常苦恼地描述了他害怕让Farmer大夫失望的恐惧和用批评的字眼伤害大夫的痛苦,以及对大夫的谅解所感到的欣慰。

当Kidder先生的健康每况愈下时,对大夫的这种依赖性就更加严重。但是,这不但没有使这本书有失公正, 这种亲密倒突出了Farmer大夫那令人钦佩而又令人愤怒的性格。正如Kidder先生所写:(61)“Farmer不是到这个世界上让任何人都感到舒适的,除了那些幸运地成为他的病人的人,或者那些完全不幸地需要他的人。”

57. A)。[定位]由题干中的the “Partners in Health” system定位到原文首段第四句he created a community

based healthcare system called Zanmi Lasante, or Partners in Health。

[精析]原文首段末尾说“它不仅给大量穷人提供适当的可以支付得起的治疗,还越过医疗层面,想要解决让穷人得病或很难康复的社会原因”。由此可推测此医疗系统与传统医院相比的独特之处在于It makes attempts to help the poor on a social level.(它试图在社会层面上帮助穷人),故A)为正确答案。 排除干扰原文并没有说免费,而是“提供恰当的可以支付得起的治疗”,排除B);联系原文,可知其目的主要是为穷人治病,进而解决让穷人得病或很难康复的社会原因,并不是为了穷人脱贫,排除C);D) 中community help(社区救助)太过笼统和泛化,文中仅指有关治病的方面,也排除。

58. C)。 [定位]由题干中的the last sentence of the second paragraph定位到原文第二段末句Or as his Haiti

patients aptly put it, medicine without food is like washing one’s hands and drying them in the dirt.

[精析]原文第二段强调了一个概念,即“穷人的健康问题其实不是简单的医疗问题,还有人权问题”。药物只能治愈穷人的疾病,没有食物,即没有消灭贫穷就像把手放在灰尘中晾干,手还会脏的,即还是会生病的。据此可以推知,C)Medicine is not a longterm cure to their poor health(药物无法使他们长期保持健康)与文意相符,为正确答案。

排除干扰原文只是一个打比方的说法,并非真的说在那里晾手,排除A);原文并非指洗手也需要药物,这是对原文比喻的误解,排除B);联系原文可推知,食物是保持健康的保证,原文并没有对药物和食品的治疗功效进行比较,也排除D)。

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59. D)。[定位]由题干中的The disadvantage of Dr. Farmer’s book定位到原文第三段首句Unfortunately, Dr.

Farmer’s powerful message is often weakened by his book’s academic tone.

[精析]该句说明“他的强有力的信息通常被他所写的书的学术口吻给减弱了”,言下之意就是口气不够强,故D)“口气不够强,很难引起他人的注意”与文意相符,正确。

排除干扰原文并没有对他的书的情节进行评价,故A)“书中的情节不够吸引人”与原文不符,排除;原文没有对该书内容叙述的方式做出评价,故B)认为“其内容叙述方式不够吸引人”与原文不符,排除;他对“愚蠢的死亡”的愤怒表达得铿锵有力是该书的优点,与题干所问不符,故排除C)。

60. C)。[定位]由题干可以定位到原文第四段第三句Though well written, Mr. Kidders book also makes

for uncomfortable reading.

[精析]原文第四段最后两句说“作者好像一直在寻求描写对象的同意,他非常苦恼地描述了他害怕让Farmer大夫失望的恐惧和用批评的字眼伤害大夫的痛苦以及对大夫的谅解所感到的欣慰”。由此推测,他对大夫的情感使他不能独立地写作。故C)“Mr. Kidder的感情妨碍了他写作的独立性”正确。 排除干扰由原文“他和 Farmer大夫一起到过温暖而贫困的海地,也到过寒冷而易得结核病的俄罗斯”可推知,两者曾在一起生活过,故排除A);原文只是说Mr. Kidder在写作上考虑了Dr. Farmer的认同,并没有说他害怕做出真实的评论,故排除B);原文说道该书中已经描写了Mr. Kidder在得到Dr. Farmer的谅解后所感到的欣慰,故D)“他还一直在等后者的谅解”错误,也排除。 61. B)。[定位]由题干中的from the last paragraph可以定位到末段。

[精析]原文末段说“这种亲密倒突出了Farmer大夫那令人钦佩而又令人愤怒的性格”。Kidder先生写道,“Farmer不是到这个世界上让任何人感到舒适的”,由此推知,他对社会的种种不平等,特别是“结构型暴力”非常愤怒,因此很可能曾严厉地批评过这个社会,因此才会“让很多人感到不舒服”,故B)正确。 排除干扰原文说,能得到Farmer医治的人是幸运的,并非说只帮助那些足够幸运的人,A)与原文不符;C)错误,原文说除了那些幸运地成为他的病人的人,或那些完全不幸地需要他的人,Farmer不是到这个世界上让任何人感到舒适的,意思并非让他的病人不舒服,排除;D)忽视了其作为医生为病人治病,给人带来健康的一面,故排除。 核心词汇及短语

appropriate [ə'prəupriit] adj. 恰当的 critical ['kritikəl] adj. 关键性的 academic [,ækə'demik] adj. 学术的 compelling [kəm'peliŋ] adj. 令人注目的 highlight ['hailait] vt. 强调

unconventional ['ʌnkən'venʃənəl] adj. 非常规的 ultimately ['ʌltimətli] adv. 终极地

Part ⅤCloze

本文的主要论题是婚姻。前三段讲述的是年轻人的婚姻观以及父母对年轻人择偶的影响。后两段讲述了不同阶级、不同宗教信仰,甚至是不同民族之间的婚姻。

62. C)。从句意上看,particularly和specially意思比较相近,但particularly“显著地,尤其”多用于举

例子,specially“特别地”表示特点,前者更适合题意。

63. B)。此处是固定搭配,rather than表示“而不是”,相当于instead of。

64. A)。从句意上看,arrange marriage表示“包办婚姻”,正合题意。engage“订婚”,不能和marriage搭配;

manage“经营”;propose“求婚”,也不能同marriage搭配。

65. B)。appoint“约定”,指用权力或共同约定来决定或安排;date特指异性之间的约会,此处正合题意。

set out 开始

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66. D)。此句的意思是“青少年通过学业和社会„交朋友”,position“地位”;association“联系”;contract“合

同”;contact“接触”,从句意来看,D)符合题意。

67. D)。此句意思是“年轻人可以自由地从„群体选朋友”,separate“分开的”;identical“相同的”;

independent“独立的”;different“不同的”,从句意上看,D)符合题意。

68. A)。background“背景”;situation“情形”;circumstance“环境”;condition“条件”,从句意上看,

A)最接近。

69. C)。此处是固定搭配,select„for„表示“为„选择„”;object“反对”,一般用object to;reject“拒

绝”,不和for搭配;approve“同意”,用于固定结构approve of。

70. A)。从信息词but得知,此句和上半句“不能为孩子选择配偶”应该是转折的关系,故选A),表示父母可影

响孩子对配偶的选择。

71. B)。上文提到年轻人选择配偶喜欢找背景相同的,但下文讲的是不同阶级、不同宗教信仰,甚至不同民族之间

的婚姻,可见是转折关系,故选however。therefore“所以”,表因果关系;moreover“甚至”,表递进关系;likewise“同样地”,表对比关系。

72. C)。从下文的现在年轻人比以前流动性大等内容可以看出,不同群体之间的婚姻结合是逐步上升的,故选

increase。decline“下降”,意思正好相反;prohibit“禁止”;reduce“减少”,意思均不合题意。

73. D)。此句意思是“年轻人比他们的父母受到更少歧视的”,respect“尊敬”;retain“保持”;reserve“预

订”;restrict“限制”,从句意上看,应选D)。

74. B)。从逻辑关系上看,前面的求学、参军和后面的创业应该是并列的关系,故选or。

75. A)。be likely to表示“可能”;possible表示“可能”,但不用这种结构,且表示的可能性较小;be reluctant

to表示“勉强”;be eager to表示“渴望”。从句意上看,A)符合题意。

76. C)。此句意思是“在美国,不同阶级之间的婚姻既不„也不奇怪”,scarce“不足的”;risky“冒险的”;

rare“稀少的”;rigid“严格的”,从句意上看,C)符合题意。 77. D)。此处是固定搭配,on the rise表示“不断上升”。

78. B)。从信息词on the other hand(另一方面)可知此句是转折关系,所以选uncommon。 79. A)。此处是固定搭配,raise a family表示“养家”。

80. C)。从括号内的解释可以得知,这种婚姻的双方是相同的种族,有相同的宗教信仰,但来自不同的国家。

source“来源”,常表示信息的来源等;convention“习俗”,是干扰项,相同种族,相同宗教信仰的生活习俗应该是相近的,故排除;origin“起源,出身”,正合题意;immigrant“移民”,也是干扰项,意思符合题意,但它是可数名词,要用复数。

81. A)。整个句子是完成时态,时间状语从句表示的又是一个点,故选since,表示“自从”。

Part ⅥTranslation

82. the championship would have belonged to

[考点]①虚拟语气,表示和过去事实相反的虚拟,主句要使用would have done;②短语“属于”的表达方式belong to。

83. reducing their weight by

[考点]①分词短语“减轻体重”的表达方式,应是reduce the weight;②表示程度由介词by连接。同时,括号里的成分是空格前by的宾语,所以要用动名词形式。 84. greatly enriched English

[考点]①“丰富”的表达方式为enrich;②修饰程度用副词greatly。 85. from the perspective of an adult

[考点]分词短语“从„角度”的表达方式为from the perspective of。 86. cling/stick to their traditions

[考点]分词短语“坚持”的表达方式为cling/stick to。

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