英语时态汇总及练习
一、一般现在时基本用法介绍
【No.1】一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six everyday.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1.be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。
一般现在时的变化
1.be动词的变化。
否定句:主语+be+not+其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句:Be+主语+其它。如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am./No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句:主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如:I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句:Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如:
-Do you often play football? -Yes, I do./No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:
-Does she go to work by bike? -Yes, she does./ No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?
动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make________
look _________ have _______ pass _______ carry____
come ________ watch ______ plant _______ fly________
study _______ brush ________ do _________ teach_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.He often________(have)dinner at home.
2.Daniel and Tommy_______(be)in Class One.
3.We_______(not watch)TV on Monday.
4.Nick_______(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.
5.______they________(like)the World Cup?
6.What_______they often_______(do)onSaturdays?
7._______your parents_______(read)news papers every day?
8.The girl_______(teach)us English on Sundays.
9.She and I________(take)a walk together every evening.
10.There________(be)some water in the bottle.
11.Mike_______(like)cooking.
12.They_______(have)the same hobby.
13.My aunt_______(look)after her baby carefully.
14.You always_______(do)your home work well.
15.I_______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16.She_______(go)to school from Monday to Friday.
17.LiuTao_______(do)not like PE.
18.The child often_______(watch)TV in the evening.
19.SuHai and SuYang_______(have)eight lessons this term.
20.-What day_______(be)it today?
二、现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing. 如:I am sleeping.
3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 如:I am not sleeping.
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 如:Are you sleeping?
5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:
疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 如:What are you doing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为:疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing? 如:Who is sleeping?
动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________
go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________
read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________
put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________
live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________
stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、一般将来时
一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month…),soon, the day after tomorrow等。
二、基本结构:①be going to + do;如:I am going to school tomorrow.
②will+ do. 如:I will go to school tomorrow.
三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如:①I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. ②I will go to school tomorrow. →I will not go to school tomorrow.或I won’t go to school tomorrow.
四、一般疑问句: be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。
例如:We are going to school this weekend. → Are you going to school this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 问人。Who 例如:I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon?
2. 问干什么。What … do.例如:I’m going to New York this afternoon.→What are you going to do this afternoon.
3. 问什么时候。When.例如:She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
六、同义句:be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习:
填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.
What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
四、一般过去时
1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)如:I was at school just now. I was not/ wasn’t at school just now.
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)如:We were at school just now. We were not/weren’t at school just now.
⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。如:Was you at school just now?或Were you at school just now?
3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 如:Jim went home yesterday.
否定句:didn’t +动词原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形? 如: What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied
5.不规则动词过去式:am, is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
is\\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________
一、 用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I _______ at school just now.
2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students two years ago.
4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
二、用行为动词的适当形式填空
1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.
2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.
3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.
4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.
5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.
6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.
7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.
8. The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party.
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