复习目标：
1. 掌握并会运用一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时八种动词时态。
2. 要学会区分八种时态的用法，要学会用上下文或时间状语判断使用何种时态。 一、概述
所谓“时”就是行为发生的时段或状态存在的时段，即：过去、过去将来、将来和现在四种；所谓“态”就是行为或状态发生时所呈现的状态，有完成状态、进行状态、完成进行状态或一般状态四种。由时和态结合，便形成下列十六种时态
现在 过去 将来 过去将来 一般状态 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 一般过去将来时 进行状态 现在进行时 过去进行时 将来进行时 过去将来进行时 完成状态 现在完成时 过去完成时 将来完成时 过去将来完成时 完成进行状态 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 将来完成进行时 过去将来完成进行时
二、动词的五种基本形式
原形 第三人称单数形式 现在分词 过去式 过去分词 work teach
三、主要时态
（一）一般现在时
【讲解】
1. 用法：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
I often go to school by bus.
2. 构成：动词原形。但如果主语是第三人称单数，动词要用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。 3. 常用的时间状语
（1）表示频度的副词，always, usually, often, sometimes等。 （2）every+时间， 如：every day, every week等。 （3）on Sundays类结构。 【练习】
1. I _______ (be) a student.
2. He often _______ (go) to school by bike.
3. She sometimes _______ ( do) her homework at school. 4. Tom ________ (have) two sisters.
5. My sister ________ (study) in college.
6. His brother ________ (watch) TV every Sunday. （二）一般过去时 【讲解】
1. 用法：表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 I got up at six this morning. 2. 构成： 动词的过去式 3. 常用的时间状语 (1) yesterday类
（2）last + 时间类，如：last week (3) ... ago类， 如：two weeks ago 【练习】
1. I _________ (come) to Shanghai in 1994. 2. Who __________ (take) my dictionary? 3. They _________ (sell) the house last year. 4. I ______ (meet) Mary on my way home. 5. The boy _______ (lose) his bike. （三）一般将来时
【讲解】
1. 用法：表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。
They will go to Beijing next week. 2. 构成： will + 动词原形 3. 常用的时间状语： （1）tomorrow类
（2）next+时间类，如 next week, next Sunday等 （3）in + 一段时间， 如 in two weeks 【练习】
1. They ____________ (go) home next week. 2. She ____________ ( come) back in three days.
3. Mary ___________ ( leave) for Beijing tomorrow.
4. My parents ______________ ( fly) to Shanghai the day after tomorrow. 5. Another bridge _______________ ( build) in 2012. （四）现在进行时 【讲解】
1. 用法：表示现在（说话时）正在进行的动作。 He is reading, 2. 构成： be +现在分词 3. 常用的时间状语：
（1）now （2）look, listen （3）these days 【练习】
1. Look, they ______________ (swim) in the river. 2. Listen, Mary ____________ (sing) in the room.
3. We ______________ (study) for the exam these days. 4. It ___________ (rain) now.
5. Be quiet,please. The baby is _________ (sleep). （五）过去进行时 【讲解】
1. 用法：表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。 I was watching TV at that time. He was reading when I came in. 2. 构成：was / were +动词的现在分词 3. 时间状语： （1）then, at that time
（2）this time yesterday, at 10:00 yesterday （3）其他表示过去的时间 【练习】
1. I _________ (read) at that time.
2. He ______________ (watch) TV when I came in. 3. Tom ___________ (do) homework at 9:00 yesterday. （六）现在完成时 【讲解】
1. 用法：（1）表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 I have already read the book. (现在我了解这本书的内容） I have lost my key. (现在我没有钥匙）
I have had lunch already. (现在我不饿）
（2）表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，并一直持续到现在，也许还要持续下去。 I have learned English for 3 years. 2. 构成：have / has + 动词的过去分词 3. 时间状语：（1）already （否定yet） （2） ever （否定 never） （3）just （4）before （5）for + 时间段 （6）since +时间点 【练习】
1. I ________ already ________ (finish) my homework. 2. She ______________ ( not do) her homework yet. 3. We ___________________ ( learn) English since 6 years ago. 4. He isn't there. He ___________ (go) to Beijing.
5. ________ you ever __________ (be) to an amusement park? （七）过去完成时 【讲解】
1. 用法： 表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，即过去的过去。 She had left by the time I arrived. 2. 构成： had + 过去分词
3. 时间状语: by / by the time / by the end of + 过去的时间
【练习】
1. She _____________ (leave) by the time I arrived.
2. He _______________ (live) in Shanghai for ten years before he came here.
3. We __________________ (learn) 2000 English words by the end of last year. （八）过去将来时 【讲解】
1. 用法： 表示从过去某一时间看将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常用在宾语从句中。 He said that he would help us. 2. 构成： would + 动词原形 【练习】
1. He said he ___________ (buy) some fruit for his sister. 2. He asked when the meeting ___________ ( end).
3. He didn't know if Mary _____________ ( come) tomorrow. 四、巩固练习
1. — What's your father doing now?
— He __________ ( clean) the room.
2. Rose came to Beijing in 2002. She ___________ ( live) in Beijing for eight years. 3. It _____________ (rain) heavily when I left school.
4. — Would you like to go and see Avatar with me tonight? — Thank you very much, but I _________ (see)it already.
5. Today is Father's Day. My mother _____________ ( prepare) a special dinner for my grandpa now. 6. Tina and her parents _________ (go) to Beijing last summer.
7. The bus is coming. Be careful when you ___________ ( get ) on the bus. 8. —I hear Sam has gone to Qingdao for his holiday.
— Oh, how nice! Do you know when he __________ ( leave)? 9. If it _________ (rain) tomorrow, we will stay at home.
10. Sam ______________ ( learn) Chinese since he came to China.
11. I'm not hungry because I ____________ (have) lunch already. 12. Don't turn on the TV. Grandma _____________ (sleep) now.
13. — The TV show Home With Kids is so wonderful. You shouldn't miss it. — If I ____________ ( have) time, I _____________ (see) it.
14. I ____________ (draw) on the computer when Jim came to see me yesterday evening. 15. Tom said that he ____________ ( go ) to Beijing next week.
16. Li Ming will give me a call as soon as he __________ ( arrive) in Sichuan. 17. The teacher told the students that the earth ________ ( go) around the sun. 18. When I __________ (grow) up, I will go to America.
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