牛津英语（上海版）6年级上学期知识点罗列（3）
1. 时间的不同朗读方式
5.15 a quarter past five; five fifteen 6.30 half past six; six thirty 3.45 a quarter to four; three forty-five 2.07 seven past two; two o seven
2. listen to 听，强调动作； 同样还有 look at hear 听到，强调状态；同样还有 see 动词
1．动词的种类
动词按其词义和在句中的作用可以分为：行为动词（或称实义动词）、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。 动词分类 特征 行 为 动 表示动作或状态。有完整的词义。能独词 vt./vi. 立作谓语。按其带不带宾语、分为及物动词（带宾语）和不及物动词（不带宾语） 连 系 动 本身有词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须词 link v. 例词 help帮助（vt.） see看见（vt.） go去（vi.） fly飞（vi.） be是 例句 He often helps me. I can see a bird in the tree. Planes can fly. He is an English teacher. They look the same. Jack is hungry. 和表语一起构成谓语（名词性合成谓语） look看起来 seem似乎 get变得 become变成，成为 助 动 词 v. aux. 本身无词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语。可用来表示否定，疑问、时态、语态、语气等。 be; have; do; will; shall He doesn't speak English. We are playing basketball Do you have a brother? 情 态 动 本身有一定词义，但不完整。不能独立词 mod v. can; may; must; need; She can speak a little 作谓语，只能和行为动词一起构成谓语，dare; will; would; shall; English. 表示说话人的态度 should May I come in? We must go now. 注意：
1）行为动词又可分为及物动词（vt.）和不及物动词（vi.）两种。 及物动词：其后可以直接跟宾语，且必须跟宾语。
I love. 错 I love you. 对
不及物动词：其后不可以直接跟宾语，若要跟宾语，得在其后加介词。 I listen music. 错 I listen to music. 对
He arrived Shanghai yesterday. 错 He arrived in Shanghai yesterday. 对 注意：
1）不及物动词后面若出现了介词，就必须跟宾语。 I listen to. 错 I listen to music. 对
2）不及物动词后面如果没有介词，可以不跟宾语。 The sun is rising. rise 升起，vi. The students are listening.
I don’t know what to do. I don’t know how to do it.
do 是个及物动词，第一句话中的宾语是其前的疑问代词what
第二句话中how是疑问副词，只能做状语，所以要加一个it做do的宾语。
英语中，有些动词既可以做及物动词，也可以做不及物动词 。 He speaks English very well. vt. He spoke at the meeting. vi.
2. 动词的变形
动词原形：不带to的动词不定式形式。 be, have, do, come 过去式与过去分词（规则变化）：
1．在动词原形后加-ed call--- called
2．以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先将y变为i再加-ed carry---carried
3．以重读闭音节一个辅音字母结尾的动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母再加-ed stop--stopped 现在分词:
1．在动词原形后加-ing read – reading
2．以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e再加-ing write – writing
3．以重读闭音节一个辅音字母结尾的动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母再加-ing run –running 4．少数几个以ie结尾的动词要变ie为y，再加-ing die – dying, lie—lying 第三人称单数形式：
1．在动词原形后加-s run--runs
2．以ch, sh, s, o, x结尾的动词后加-es teach-teaches, wash-washes, go-goes, watch-watches 3．以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先将y变为i，再加-es try-tries cry-cries 4．以元音字母+y结尾的动词后加-s stay-stays
1. John, there is a Mr. Smith on the phone. John, 电话里有个叫做史密斯的人找你。 He is a Leifeng. 他是一个有雷锋精神的人。
2. meet 遇见， 过去式、过去分词： met
3. The plan leaves at 8:00 tomorrow morning.
当morning, afternoon 等词前出现了tomorrow, yesterday, next, last 等这样的词时，介词要省略。
I went to the cinema last night. 本来在晚上要说 at night, 在这里省略了at
4. The movie will be over in about ten minutes.
in + 一段时间， 表示在一段时间之后，通常用于将来时 His father will come back in two days.
5. on 用于具体某一天之前 on Monday, on Tuesday
如果morning, afternoon, evening, night… 在样的词前或者词后出现修饰词，介词用on in the morning, on a cold morning, on the morning of National Day at night, on a windy night
on the morning of National Day of 短语构成的后置定语（the girl with a book） on the morning of a picnic 在去野餐的那天早上
6. argue with 与……争吵 discuss 讨论= talk about speak of 谈到，论及
7. have a good time 玩得开心，过得愉快 = enjoy oneself
oneself 反身代词：myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves,
8. You can say that again.
这句话照字面看来应解作“你可以再说一遍！”但如果真的这样理解这句话，便会浪费唇舌了。
我有一位朋友初到美国，新相认的美国友人纷纷缠着他，叫他讲述有关中国的近况。 朋友是个口才很好的人，而且英文根底相当不错，所以说来娓娓动听，大受欢迎。
有一次，当他讲完见闻后，对方冲口而说道：Oh， you can say that again！朋友以为他听不清楚，叫他再说一遍。于是他又讲了一次。
事后，一位美国人告诉他“You can say that again.”不可照字面解释。原来这是一句赞美语，意思是“说得好！”或“真妙!”笔者在很多
电影的对白中都听过这句话，所以特别在这里介绍出来。
I can’t agree with you more. 我完全同意你的观点。
9. 部分以O结尾的单词变复数要加es
记忆小攻略：一个黑人英雄坐在火山脚下的土豆地里吃着番茄，被蚊子咬了一口。
negro, hero, volcano, potato, tomato, mosquito
mangos, mangoes,
1. 部分以 ent 结尾的形容词变成名词通常是把ent变成ence different --- difference 不同 absent --- absence 缺席 patient --- patience 耐心 convenient --- convenience 方便
2. invite v. 邀请 invite sb. to do sth. invitation n. 邀请，请柬
3. how long 多长时间 How long does it take to finish your homework ? 多长（长度） How long is the desk?
how far 多远距离 How far is it from your home to your school? how often 频率 How often do you go swimming? Once a week.
how many times 次数 How many times have you been to America? Once./Twice.
4. both … and … 两者都
Both Kate and Jerry are good students. 连接主语 Jack likes both Kate and Jerry. 连接宾语 neither… nor… 两者都不
Neither Chris nor Fiona is playing. 连接主语的时候，谓语动词用就近原则。 Jack likes neither beer nor wine. Jack 既不喜欢啤酒也不喜欢红酒。 连接宾语 not only … but also… 不但……而且…… 用法雷同于neither…nor…
5. busy 繁忙的 business n. 生意
6. 宾语补足语：补充说明宾语的成分
Charlie love his wife and tries his best to make her happy. happy 形容词做宾补 She found it difficult to work. difficult 形容词做宾补
Unit 6 Going to school
1. travel v. 行走，旅行
Light travels faster than sound. 光的速度比声音快。 My uncle is traveling in Brazil.
2. minute 分钟
Jack lives five minutes from school. minute 也可以表示 短暂的时间，片刻 Wait a minute, please. 稍等一下。 Just a minute. second 秒
3. hour 小时
I spend two hours with Jack to learn English. 我们常用hours 来表示特定的时间： school hours 上课时间 office hours 办公时间 business hours 营业时间 golden hours 黄金时光 dark hours 艰苦的时刻
4. 一个半小时： one hour and a half one and a half hours
5. hotel 酒店，宾馆 inn 旅馆，客栈
6. advertisement
[,ædvɚ'taɪzmənt] 广告
Jack sometimes put an advertisement in his class.
7. board n. 板，栏 blackboard 黑板 noticeboard 布告板 skateboard 滑板 cupboard 橱柜 chessboard 棋盘
8. How long does it take you to go to school? It takes me about ten minutes to get there. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 某人花费多长时间做某事 It takes me about an hour to finish my homework. 同义句转换 分析：spend …(in) doing sth. 或spend … on sth. 解答：I spend about an hour in finishing my homework.
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