必修3 Unit 3 课下作业（一~三）
课下作业（一） 考点过关针对练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They were marching (前进) forward despite the heavy rain because they had to reach the destination before dark.
2．As is known to all, America declared (宣布) war on Japan in 1941.
3．Enough rest and proper diet have brought back her strength gradually (逐渐地)． 4．With its natural resources, it is potentially a very wealthy (富有的) country.
5．Human facial expressions (表情) differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.
6．When his business in England failed, he tried to kill himself by taking poison (毒药)．
7．I believe that people will be ready to take up their share of responsibility for environmental protection when they are aware (意识到的) of the dangers the earth is exposed to.
8．The audience (听众) are listening carefully, and the professor feels a bit excited.
9．The new university held its opening ceremony (典礼) on Sept 3 to welcome its first freshmen. 10．As a learned scholar (学者), Mr.Li will deliver a speech about traditional Chinese culture. 11．They feel the listeners are like judges (法官) in an ice-skating competition. 12．He doesn't know what is waiting ahead (在前面) of him.
13．All these cultural (文化的) aspects are important to language learners if they want to get a better understanding of the language itself.
14．He was educated (教育) at the local high school, after which he went on to Beijing University.
15．The company, founded (创办) in 2014, moved its headquarters to the zone last year where it established a base and training center.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Judging (judge) from the number of cars, he thought there were not many people at the club yet. 2．His confidence built up gradually (gradual) as he gained more and more experience in teaching. 3．I think you're coming down with flu and you had better see a doctor. 4．With his hair cut, he looked much younger than his age. 5．The boiling water is so hot that I ought to pour the water into a cup to make it cold. 6．Talking to a network guidance counselor ahead of time can also be helpful. 7．The TV that he had had repaired broke down again. 8．So heavy was the earthquake that most of buildings were in ruins. 9．There are some problems remaining to_be_settled (settle)．
10．Dr.Smith, together with his wife and daughters, is (be) going to visit Beijing this summer.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．She bought her husband a watch chain with the left 5 dollars.left→remaining 2．Judged from his look, he doesn't think much of our plan.Judged→Judging 3．Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers where consumer complains have resulted in changes in the law.complains→complaints 4．Public schools are mainly found by governments through tax income.found→founded 5．After a while, there was blood pour down her face.pour→pouring 6．Decorate the Christmas tree is usually a family event.Decorate→Decorating 7．Yesterday my sister's computer breaks down and she had it mended at once.
breaks→broke 8．Many refugees have been forced to flee to their homeland.去掉第二个to或第二个to→from 9．After the earthquake I saw the whole town in ruin, but now everything has changed.
ruin→ruins 10．She aware of danger when her husband posted a lot of money to a stranger.aware前加was或became Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Tom's_refusing_to_accept_the_invitation upset me very much. 汤姆拒绝接受邀请让我很生气。
2．With_a_lot_of_work_to_do,_he wasn't allowed to go out. 因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。
3．There_is_no_doubt_that your success has resulted from your hard work. 毫无疑问，你的成功来自于你的辛勤劳动。
4．He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving_the_breakfast_untouched. 他起床晚了，匆忙去了他的办公室，留下早餐没有动。 5．At the next table sat_a_pretty_girl_waiting_for_someone. 邻桌旁坐着一个等人的漂亮女孩。
6．People hold dragon boat race on Dragon Boat Festival in_memory_of_Qu_Yuan. 人们在端午节举行龙舟比赛是为了纪念屈原。
课下作业（二） 话题阅读培优练
Ⅰ.根据提示填空
The ancient Loulan City ❶is_located (locate) on the west bank of Lop Nur Lake in Xinjiang region.The city ❷was_founded (found) in the 2nd century BC in an oasis (绿洲) on the Silk Road.But it became less powerful and strong after its 800 years of development, and ❸disappeared_(消失) suddenly in the middle of the 6th century AD.At the beginning of last century, a Swedish explorer Sven Hedin ❹_discovered (发现) the city ❺buried (bury) in the desert, which attracted attention from all over the world.
The city has already totally turned into dust.But archaeologists (考古学家) believe there was a water tunnel
running through the city and dividing it into two different ❻functional (function) parts.Large numbers of potsherds (陶瓷碎片), wood pieces, coins, pieces of jewellery and wood slip documents ❼provide (提供) us with plenty of information about the ❽ancient (古老的) city.
Scientists studied the materials of the ❾ruins (废墟)of Loulan City and they believe that a large amount of forest
10destroyed (destroy) by the sandstorms at last. was cut down at that time, which made Loulan City ○
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
during， protection， period， historic， valuable， ancient， traditional， site， beginning， show， be used as， known as， in good condition Pingyao, in the center of Shanxi Province, is a famous ❶historic cultural city of China and a world cultural heritage (遗产) ❷site.It's 90 kilometers south of Taiyuan on the Fen River.
People lived in Pingyao during the New Stone Age.Its long ❸period as a county government seat has left Pingyao with lots of historic buildings and sites.Ninety-nine of them are under government ❹protection. ❺During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, businessmen organized commercial (商业的) groups that did business nationwide.Shanxi Province had some of the most important ones and Pingyao was their center.In 1823, a store, ❻known_as Rishengchang (Sunrise Prosperity), traded in bank checks rather than in silver or gold coins.It was the ❼beginning of modern Chinese banking.
In Pingyao Ancient City are many ❽traditional houses and commercial buildings, 3,797 of which are protected 10show Shanxi's history and more than 400 of which are ❾_in_good_condition.Not only do the houses in Pingyao ○
11valuable for studying its history, customs, ○12ancient buildings and art.Most and culture, but this large number is ○
13are_used_as_ homes and shops of local people nowadays. of these houses ○
课下作业（三） 高考语篇提能练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·合肥模拟)In the 1940s, with a wave of American soldiers' heading home from World War Ⅱ， the magazine Arts & Architecture hoped to drum up interest in a new form of mass housing that was inexpensive and easy to construct from exiting materials.The magazine approached designers and architects like Richard Neutra, Eero Saarinen, and Charles and Ray Eames to come up with plans for modern house, and the magazine would publish them.
The idea was that the blueprints would vary according to a family's individual needs.Charles and Ray Eames chose to design for their own situation — a working couple that needed a house and space for working, but had no children at home.The result was Case Study House No.8 in Pacific Palisades, Calif., where the Eameses made their home.
The family has stayed in the house and it is home to the Eames Office, which promotes the continuation of both Charles's and Ray's ideas.The outside of the house and studio has been open to self-guided tours for years.
Reservations: Reservations are required.Please call 310－459－9663 at least 48 hours in advance of your visit. Visiting Hours：
Monday：10：00 am－4：00 pm Tuesday：10：00 am－4：00 pm Wednesday：CLOSED
Thursday：10：00 am－4：00 pm Friday：10：00 am－4：00 pm Saturday：10：00 am－4：00 pm Sunday：CLOSED
Admission：$10; students and children are free.
Group Visits: group with 10＋visitors must make an appointment.Ideally the size of the group should be limited to 25 people.
语篇解读：在20世纪40年代，伴随着美国士兵从第二次世界大战的返家，《艺术&建筑》杂志希望使人们对廉价又容易建造的大众住宅产生兴趣。本文介绍了其中的一个设计。
1．Eames House was designed to meet________. A．an American soldier's needs B．Charles and Ray Eames's needs C．the needs of a non-working couple D．the needs of a couple with children
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Charles and Ray Eames chose to design for their own situation ...had no children at home.”可知，Eames House是伊默斯夫妇针对自己的需求和情况设计的房子，故选B项。
2．Eames House is closed on __________. A．Tuesday and Friday C．Thursday and Saturday
B．Monday and Sunday D．Wednesday and Sunday
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据“Wednesday：CLOSED”“Sunday：CLOSED”可知，周三、周日Eames House不开放，所以选D项。
3．How much would two adults and two kids need to pay to visit Eames House? A．$10. C．$30.
B．$20. D．$40.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据“Admission：$10; students and children are free.”可知，孩子是免费参观的，只需要购买两张成人票。故选B项。
B
Over a hundred years ago in 1911, something strange was found in the glaciers of Antarctica.Crilffith Taylor — an Australian geologist, had discovered a blood red stream pouring out of the ice cascades (瀑布) of Talor Glacier! Popularly known as the Blood Falls, scientists had not been able to find the reason behind the blood red liquid flowing
through the ice — until recently.The mystery of the Blood Falls had finally been solved.
When these falls were first discovered, scientists had believed that the red color came from a large amount of red algae (海藻) concentrated in the water.Red algae contain a pigment (色素) which reflects red light, making the algae appear red.
This theory made sense, until it was later found that algae do not play a part in the red color of the flowing liquid at all.What really causes Talor Glacier's waters appear blood red, is the presence of iron oxide in the liquid.The waters of the Blood Falls are rich in salt and iron content, and when this water comes in contact with the air, it turns red — just like rust! The water in these falls is often referred to as “brine” by scientists because of the high salt content in the water.
This reasoning behind the red colors of the falls was found back in 2003.However, the entire mystery had not yet been solved.How is it then, that the Blood Falls are not frozen?
Researchers at the University of Colorado and University of Alaska found that inside the glacier, there is a network of channels and reservoirs that move the water around.Salt water has a lower freezing temperature.In addition, when any substance undergoes a change in state, it gives off heat.Therefore, the brine actually warm itself up while it's freezing! How this works, is that when the brine is flowing through the Talor Glacier, some of it does freeze.As a result of changing state from liquid to ice, the brine gives off heat.This heat is enough to keep the rest of the brine in liquid form, which is why it flows out of the glacier.
Incredible new chemistry facts found, and mystery solved!
语篇解读：1911年，澳大利亚地质学家在南极洲的冰川中发现了一种奇怪景象——血瀑布。众所周知，科学家一直无法找到血瀑布不结冰的原因。直到最近，血瀑布的秘密终于被揭开了。水中富含盐分和铁，当水接触空气时，就会像铁锈一样变红，盐分很高，导致它不结冰。
4．According to the text, the red algae theory was once considered ______. A．ridiculous C．impractical
B．reasonable D．complex
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，这个理论一开始被认为是合理的，但后来发现海藻对于流动的红色液体不起作用。make sense“有道理，有意义，讲的通”，与reasonable同义。
5．Why do the Blood Falls look red in color?
A．Because there is too much salt and iron in the water. B．Because the liquid is rich in red algae.
C．Because the flowing liquid reflects red sunlight. D．Because the air is thin and rare in Antarctica.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，是因为水中富含盐分和铁，当水接触空气时，就会像铁锈一样变红。
6．What is the main reason for the Blood Falls' not freezing? A．The water continued flowing constantly. B．There is too much salt in the water. C．The brine gives off heat while freezing.
D．Temperatures aren't high enough for flowing water.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，从液态到冰态变化时，水放出热量。这种热量足以使其余的盐水保持液态，这就是不结冰的原因。
7．What is the passage mainly about? A．The discovery of the blood glacier. B．The birth of the Talor Glacier. C．The flowing red water in Antarctica. D．The mystery of the Blood Falls.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，1911年澳大利亚地质学家在南极洲的冰川中发现了血瀑布。众所周知，科学家一直无法找到血瀑布不结冰的原因。直到最近，血瀑布的秘密终于被揭开了。分析选项可知，D项符合题意。
C
(2019·江西七校联考)In the basement of a 27-storey landmark tower in Stockholm, Petterson is hoping to sow the seeds of an indoor urban farming revolution.He is the chief executive of Plantagon, a new urban farming factory set to kick off operations in the basement of an office block in the Swedish capital.
He is by no means the first enthusiast for indoor farming, which has become increasingly fashionable in recent years.Claims for the practice of growing food in basements range from feeding people in desert environments to transforming the negative environmental effects of monoculture farming.
Plantagon's early promises reflect this new optimism.Petterson calls the farm's approach “agritechture” — the combination of agriculture, technology and architecture, hoping to revolutionize how we live and eat.
The_term may be new, but the concept isn't.Indoor farming is made possible by agricultural technologies such as hydroponics (growing plants without soil) and aeroponics (in which plants are grown in air over containers)．Food can be produced without direct sunlight or soil.
Plantagon plans to grow high-value foods in a pumice-like material rather than soil.Water for the plants is measured precisely.It will also dehumidify (除湿) the air and reuse any extra water to ensure zero waste.Compared with conventional agriculture, it will need much less water to produce the same amount of crops.
Energy is also a key issue for indoor urban farms, which have to create artificial sunlight.Although advances in the efficiency of LED lights have helped bring down energy consumption in recent years, plants use only about 1 percent of the artificial light produced.This leads to a great waste of energy, most of which disappears as heat.The basement farm will capture around 70 percent of this wasted heat and pipe it into the heating system of the office block above.Oxygen produced by the plants will be sent to office workers via the building's air conditioners.
语篇解读：在斯德哥尔摩一座地标性的27层塔楼的地下室里，佩特森希望播下室内都市农业革命的种子。他将在瑞典首都的一座办公大楼的地下室开始这项工作。
8．What does Petterson plan to do in the basement? A．Grow crops.
B．Do operations. C．Open a seed company. D．Give lectures about farming.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“... Petterson is hoping to sow the seeds of an indoor urban farming revolution.”可知，他要在地下室内种植植物，所以选A项。
9．What does the underlined phrase “The term” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Aeroponics. C．Monoculture.
B．Hydroponics. D．Agritechture.
解析：选D 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Petterson calls the farm's approach ‘agritechture’ — the combination of agriculture, technology and architecture, hoping to revolutionize how we live and eat.”可知，此处的“The term”指的就是“agritechture”。
10．What do the basement farm do with energy waste? A．Produce oxygen. C．Heat offices.
B．Run air conditioners. D．Create artificial sunlight.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The basement farm will capture around 70 percent of this wasted heat and pipe it into the heating system of the office block above.”可知，地下室农场将收集约70%的废热，并将其注入办公大楼上方的供暖系统，所以选C项。
11．What is the text mainly about? A．A farming revolution. B．Petterson's achievement. C．A water-saving farming project. D．An environment-friendly system.
解析：选A 主旨大意题。根据文章的主题句“...Petterson is hoping to sow the seeds of an indoor urban farming revolution.”可知，本文主要介绍的是一场“农业革命”。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Long before the Internet, and even before the telephone, people relied on pen and paper to communicate.It's a lot different from writing an email because when you make a mistake, you cannot “backspace” your errors away.__1__
Letter writing has been a key means of communication for people throughout history.__2__ Famous names like Christopher Columbus and Amerigo Vespucci graced my history textbooks growing up, with stories of their explorations.Much of what we know about them is through the letters they wrote to people back in Europe.
There were two main reasons why these early explorers wrote letters.__3__ The other reason for writing letters was to assure and update the people who financed their trips.These so-called sponsors were often noblemen or wealthy people who had a personal interest in world discoveries.Letters from explorers would raise hopes that new lands could bring more riches.
When the British began building colonies (殖民地) in America during the 17th century, these lands were settled by people who sailed across the Atlantic Ocean.__4__ Their letters were mixed with news of illness as well as details of
their exotic (异国的) surroundings.
__5__ With the widespread use of the Internet, the tiny differences of a person's handwriting are lost to the cold, typewritten text that comes with an email.A person's unique signature is reserved for signing a receipt for a credit card payment.Will letter writing disappear one day?
A．Letter writing is just how you travel around the world.
B．You simply cross out your mistakes with your pen and continue writing. C．The early settlers faced a lot of challenges in the unfamiliar environment. D．One was a boy from England who liked the same music as me: rock and roll. E．Four hundred years later, however, we don't really need to write letters anymore.
F．It played a vital part in the exploration of the “New World”， as America was once known.
G．One was to document for the people back home what they saw as they journeyed through the faraway, mysterious land.
语篇解读：写信是历史上人们交流的重要手段，但是随着互联网的普及，信件使用的越来越少了，写信这种文化有一天会消失吗？
1．解析：选B 上文提到写信和写邮件时出错的不同做法。前面提到的是写邮件，由此可知，空处所填的句子应该是写信时的做法，B项可承接上文。
2．解析：选F 根据下文提到的两个人“Christopher Columbus and Amerigo Vespucci”都是探险家可知，空处内容与探险有关，F项中的“exploration”是空后“explorations”的原词复现。F项引出下文的内容。
3．解析：选G 上文提到“There were two main reasons ...”，下文提到“The other reason for writing letters was to ...”。由此可知，此处为one ...，the other ...结构，所以选G项。
4．解析：选C 根据上文提到的“these lands were settled by people who sailed across the Atlantic Ocean”可知，这些最早的殖民者在陌生环境中面临很多挑战，所以选C项。
5．解析：选E 根据下文的“With the widespread use of the Internet ...”可知，随着互联网的发展，人们已经不需要写信了，所以选E项。
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