Ⅰ.重要单词聚焦 1． 2． 3． 4．
adj. 有关的；切题的 vi.& vt. 调整；(使)适合 vi. 参与；参加 conj. 否则；不然
adv. 用别的方法；其他方面
relevant adjust participate otherwise 5． 6． 7． 8． 9． 10． 11．
n. 特权；特别优待
n. 安排；排列
vt.& n. 烤(面包等)；敬酒；烤面包(片)；干杯 vt. 捐赠
adj. 自愿的，无偿的
vt.& n. 买；购买 vi. (用针线)缝
vt. 缝制；缝合 12． privilege arrangement toast donate voluntary purchase sew political 13． 14．
vt. 分配，分发
n. 分配；分发；分布状态
adj. 政治的；政党的
15． 16． 17．
n. 安全；保护，保障 vi.& vt. 工作；运转；操作 n. 门诊部；小诊所
distribute distribution security operate clinic
Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 1．hear 2．the 3．dry 4．
接收……的信 day 不久前的一天 (指河流、井等)干涸
to 适应
诚实的说 通过 建立；开张
to do 极想；渴望做某事 (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透
5．to be 6．Get 7．set 8．(be) 9．dry from other up adapt honest through up dying out 10．in 11．come 12．stick
在困难中；在危急中
遇见 伸出
need across out
Ⅲ.课文原句突破
1．Once the fire was going，he laid stones on it. [信息提取] once意为“一旦”，引导条件状语从句。 [例句仿写] 你只要和他谈谈，就会了解他是个好人。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________，you will know he is a good person. 【答案】 Once you talk to him
2．He then covered the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam.
[信息提取] 本句式中leave为动词，意为“让……继续处于某种状态”，构成“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
[例句仿写] 他出去玩了，作业还没做完。
He went out to play，________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 leaving his homework unfinished
3．You asked whether I am getting to know any local people.
[信息提取] whether conj.引导名词性从句或状语从句，意为“是否，会不会，不管，不论”。 [例句仿写] 你必须做这件事，不管你喜欢还是不喜欢。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________，you’ll have to do it. 【答案】 Whether you like it or not
4．We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below. [信息提取] from where引导定语从句修饰a ridge。 [例句仿写] 通过我们住的地方可以看到湖的美景。
We could have________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 a good view of the lake from where we lived participate vt.参与；参加
I participate in your suffering and joy. 我跟你同甘共苦。
They actively participate in local politics. 他们积极参与当地政治活动。 She didn’t participate in the discussion. 她没有参加此讨论。
1．Every four years，many athletes from different countries________the Olympic Games. A．take part in B．participate in C．join 【答案】 D
2．Students in our school are encouraged to________more activities after class in order to broaden their knowledge. A．attend C．take part
B．join
D．participate in
D．both A and B
【解析】 participate in＝take part in表示“参加集体活动”的意思。 【答案】 D
3．All of them thought it necessary that he________the meeting. A．attend
B．join D．take part in
C．participate in
【解析】 attend a meeting参加(出席)会议。 【答案】 A
adjust vt.& vi.调整；使适合
(1)adjust sth.to sth.调整……以适应……
My camera can be adjusted to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions. 我的照相机可以进行调节，不管是阴天还是晴天都可以照相。
She adjusted the seat to the height of her child.她把座椅调到适合她孩子的高度。 adjust/adapt oneself to使自己适应于…… She soon adjusted/adapted herself to his way of life. 她很快使自己适应了他的生活方式。 She found it hard to adjust to working at night. 她发现自己很难适应夜间工作。
4．You can’t see through a telescope unless it is correctly________to your sight.
A．adapted C．adopted
B．admitted D．adjusted
【解析】 句意为：除非你把望远镜调节得完全适合你的视线，否则你看不见。根据上下文和一般常识可知道，用telescope看必须先调整好距离，才能看得清，因此后半句话一定是调节以适合视线，故D是正确答案。 【答案】 D
5．(2009年杭州模拟)—Did he say something in the lecture that________you? —Not really.Actually I felt sleepy over his speech. A．adjusted to C．referred to
B．attached to
D．appealed to
【解析】 考查动词短语辨析。根据下文可知演讲并没有吸引我。故选appeal to对……有吸引力；adjust to适应；attach to依附于……；refer to提及。 【答案】 D donate vt.捐赠；赠送
Last year he donated 100,000 dollars to cancer research. 去年他捐赠10万美元支持癌症研究工作。 She donated a large sum of money to the charity. 她捐了一大笔钱给那个慈善机构。 (1)donation n．捐赠，捐献；捐款，捐赠物 give/make/present a donation to...捐赠 send a donation to...把捐款寄至…… (2)donator n．捐赠者，赠送者
She made a donation of a thousand dollars. 她捐出了1 000美元。
The work of the charity is funded by voluntary donations. 这家慈善机构工作所需资金是人们自愿捐赠的。
6．If most breadwinners________a day’s pay to the Hope Project，then it will be hopeful.
A．gift
B．donate
C．present D．give
【解析】 句意为：“如果大多数挣工资的人把一天的所得捐献给希望工程的话，那希望工程就有希望了。”donate捐献；present(作为礼物)赠送；give给予；gift为名词“礼物”。 【答案】 B privilege
(1)n.特权；荣幸；优惠
Education is a privilege in many countries. 在许多国家里，受教育是一种特权。 It’s a privilege to spend the holiday with you. 能与你共同度过这个假期，真是我的殊荣。 (2)vt.给予……特权
In some countries，the president can privilege somebody from capital punishment. 在有些国家里，总统可以特赦一些人免于死刑。
We are privileged to have a distinguished guest with us tonight. 我们今晚有幸与一位贵宾在一起。
7．Ladies and gentlemen，I have the great privilege________introducing our speaker for tonight. A．in
B．of D．on
C．about
【解析】 have the privilege of doing很荣辛地做某事。句意为：女士们、先生们，我很荣幸地向大家介绍今晚的发言人。 【答案】 B (1)vt.& vi.操作，管理
He is good at operating a machine.他擅长操作机器。 This is a new model machine which is very easy to operate. 这是一台很容易操作的新型机器。
The company operates three factories.这公司拥有三个工厂。
(2)vi.动手术
I went to see him in the hospital on Friday when he was operated on.我星期五去医院看他了，就在那一天他动了手术。 (3)vi.起作用，见效
The sleeping pill operated at once.那安眠药马上见效。 (4)vi.运转，工作
The sewingmachine doesn’t operate properly. 这台缝纫机无法正常运转。
8．The doctor said that the patient had________at once. A．to operate C．operated
B．to be operated D．to be operated on
【解析】 operate作“动手术”讲时，是不及物动词，所以表示“给某人动手术”用短语operate on sb.，其被动语态介词on应该保留。 【答案】 D
9．The equipment is designed to________in all weather conditions. A．arrange C．operate
B．change D．manage
【解析】 这种设备设计的可以在所有气候条件下运转。 【答案】 C
be dying to 极想，渴望
I’m dying to know what happened to him. 我很想知道他出了什么事。
I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here. 我知道你渴望知道我这儿的一切生活状况。 (1)be dying for sth.渴望得到某物
I’m dying for a piano.我渴望得到一架钢琴。 She was anxious to finish school and get a job. 她渴望毕业找份工作。
10．When will the result of the exam be announced？The students are________to know it. A．agreeing C．deciding
B．dying D．desiring
【解析】 be dying to do sth.极想做某事。desire意为“渴望；渴求”后可接动词不定式，但不用于进行时。 【答案】 B
in need在困难中；在危急中
A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真朋友。 We are collecting money for families in need. 我们正在为有困难的家庭募捐。 in need of 需要
There is no need for sth.不需要某物
There is no need for sb.to do sth.某人没有必要做某事 The house is in need of repair.这房子需要整修一下。 There is no need for you to worry about it. 你没有必要担心此事。
11．(2008年天津卷)Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students ________ financial aid. A．in favour of C．in face of
B．in honour of
D．in need of
【解析】 句意为：很多中国大学为需要经济资助的大学生提供奖学金。in favour of赞同，支持，有利于；in honour of向……表示敬意；in face of面临；in need of需要。 【答案】 D
hear from sb.收到某人的来信，相当于receive one’s letter。 Have you heard from your brother? 你收到你哥哥的信了吗？
I heard from my sister in New York yesterday.
我昨天收到了在纽约的姐姐的来信。
I look forward to hearing from you.盼望着收到你的信。 hear of/about 听说
She disappeared and was never heard of again. 她消失了，再也没人听到过她的消息。 I was sorry to hear about your accident. 获悉你遇到意外，我很难过。
12．(2008年湖南卷)—When did you last hear________Jay?
—He phoned me this morning，and we agreed________a time and place to meet. A．of；to B．about；with C．from；with D．from；on
【解析】 句意为：“你最后一次得知Jay的消息是什么时候？”“今天早上他给我打电话，我们约定了见面的时间和地点。”hear about/of听到有关……，听说；hear from收到……的来信；得知某人的消息；agree on sth.在……方面取得一致意见；agree to do sth.同意做某事；agree to sth.同意计划、安排、方案等；agree with sth./sb.同意某人(的意见)。 【答案】 B
We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep slope to the valley below.
我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。
from where引导的定语从句修饰a ridge，关系副词where前一般不加介词，但from where却是个例外。
①There are many websites，from where you can find almost all the necessary information. 有许多网址，从那里你能够找到几乎所有必要的信息。
②China is the birthplace of kites，from where kiteflying spread to Japan，Korea and India. 中国是风筝的故乡，从那里放风筝传到了日本、朝鲜和印度。 ③We could have a good view of the lake from where we lived. 通过我们住的地方可以看到湖的美景。
13．The following are some popular websites________people can sell goods to each other. A．where C．when
B．which D．whose
【解析】 where引导定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语，意思是“在这些网站上”。 【答案】 A
The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a contribution toward the lives of people who really need it.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确有需要的人一项捐助。
not...but...意思是“不是……，而是……”，连接两个表语。
not...but...连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则确定。 I’m not a student but a teacher.我不是学生而是老师。 He does not work but play all day.他整天不学习只是玩耍。
not only...but (also)，either...or...，neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词按“就近一致”原则确定。
as well as连接主语时，谓语动词按“就前一致”原则确定。 Not he but you are wanted on the telephone. 电话找的是你不是他。
14．(2008年江苏卷)It is often said that the joy of traveling is________in arriving at your destination________in the journey itself. A．/；but C．not；or
B．/；or D．not；but
【解析】 句意为：我们常说旅游的乐趣不在于你最终所到达的目的地，而在于旅途本身的过程。not...but...不是……而是……。 【答案】 D Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I’m not feeling very well today—________(否则) I would do it myself. 【答案】 otherwise
2．She often tells her classmates how hard life is at the________(偏僻的) school. 【答案】 remote
3．We have been asked not to say anything for__________(安全) reasons.
【答案】 security
4．The girls complained that the________(分发) of prizes was unfair. 【答案】 distribution
5．The manager________(捐赠)$5,000 to a local school. 【答案】 donated Ⅱ.巧思妙解
1．________no need to worry about his safety，because he is always careful. A．What’s C．There’s
B．It’s D．Which’s
【解析】 句意为：不必担心他的安全，因为他总是很小心的。要注意，这是一个there is no need to do sth.句式。 【答案】 C
2．________seems no need to wait any longer.Chances are that they won’t turn up. A．It
B．He D．That
C．There
【解析】 句意为：再等下去似乎没有必要，他们有可能不来了。no need前面习惯上用There be。 【答案】 C
3．He hasn’t slept at all for three days.________he is tired out. A．There is no point B．There is no need C．It is no wonder D．It is no way 【答案】 C
4．________is no possibility that he will finish the task in such a short time. A．There C．Where 【答案】 A Ⅲ.情景交际
1．(2009年江西五校联考)—I’m afraid that I can’t finish the task as soon as planned.
B．It D．Which
—________.
A．Don’t be afraid C．I suppose so
B．Don’t mention it D．Take your time
【解析】 考查交际用语。A项“别担心/别害怕”；B项“别提了”；C项“我想如此”；D项“别着急”。第一个说话人的意思是：我恐怕不能按计划完成任务。 【答案】 D
2．(2009年江西九校联考)—I apologise for not helping you. —________.
A．Oh，not at all
B．Oh，that’s right
C．Oh，well，that’s life D．Well，it’s a deal
【解析】 考查交际用语。“Oh，well，that’s life.”的意思为“没什么”或“生活就是这样”。用于鼓励人接受不愉快的事情或表示对于发生的事情无能为力。 【答案】 C
3．(2009年江西重点中学协作体联考)—Your mother won’t agree with you on that；you know，this hairstyle is not suitable for a student.
—________？I don’t care what she thinks.Anyway，I am not a child any more. A．How come C．What for
B．So what D．How so
【解析】 考查交际用语。根据答语后半部分内容可知说话人不在乎母亲对自己发型的看法，所以用“那又怎么样？”A项表示“怎么会呢？”C项表示“为什么”。 【答案】 B
4．(2009年南昌调研)—Don’t be disappointed.Have another go，OK? —________. A．With pleasure C．That’s all
B．It’s my pleasure
D．Good idea
【解析】 考查交际用语。此处表示对对方提出的建议持赞成态度，应用Good idea好主意。with pleasure“十分乐意”主要用于回答请求或邀请；it’s a pleasure“不客气”主要用来回答感谢；that’s all就这样。 【答案】 D
5．(2009年南昌调研)—You seem to get lost.Need help?
—________
A．Yes，give me a hand，please. B．Help me find my bag，please. C．I’m looking for the No.1 bus.
D．Yes，would you please help me with the bag?
【解析】 考查交际用语。“你好像迷路了。需要帮助吗？”暗示选项A符合语境。 【答案】 A Ⅳ.语法专练
本单元语法—定语从句
1．The British are not familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things，________is often the cases in other countries. A．that C．as
B．what D．which
【解析】 该题考查非限制性定语从句中的固定结构，as is often the case正如……的情况一样，在这种固定结构中as不可以用which代替。类似的还有as is known to us all，as is mentioned above，as we can see (know)，as has happened等。 【答案】 C
2．The artist________the judge gave a prize is the teacher________I have been taught painting for over three years.
A．from whom；by whom B．to whom；who C．whom；who D．to whom；by whom
【解析】 前面的The artist与从句中谓语动词构成的结构为gave a prize to the artist，故应选to whom；后面的先行词the teacher与从句中谓语动词构成的结构为have been taught painting by the teacher，故应选by whom。 【答案】 D
3．All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those________in the forest. A．once the grew C．that once grew
B．they grew once D．once grew
【解析】 依题干结构，待选项应是能修饰those的词语，而待选项是有主谓语的句子，因此待选空处是定语从句，而定语从句需由关联词作引导。A、B、D三项是“once”与“they”起首，这两个词语不具引导词的功能，故选C。that是关系代词，具有替代先行词those的功能，在从句中作主语。 【答案】 C
4．All________we need is to be supplied with food and clothing. A．what C．which
B．that D．whom
【解析】 本题重点考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。All是定语从句的先行词，又属于不定代词。在定语从句中先行词为不定代词则不能用which，故排除C项，同时all相当于what或the thing that，因而排除A项。根据句意all表示“所有的东西”指物因而不用D项。 【答案】 B
5．The farm________we see today is no longer the one________it was ten years ago. A．that；that
B．where；that D．which；which
C．where；where
【解析】 分析句子结构可以知道，两空均为定语从句结构，表示地点的先行词the farm在第一空的定语从句中作谓语动词see的宾语，故第一空应为关系代词that，which或省略；the farm在第二空的定语从句中作表语，故只可以用that连接，不可用which，且不可省略。 【答案】 A
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