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ASP.NET Core 2.0 本地文件操作问题及解决方案

2020-11-27 来源:爱问旅游网

问题

如何在ASP.NET Core 2.0中受限地访问本地目录和文件信息?

答案

新建一个空项目,修改Startup类,添加访问本地文件所需的服务:

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
 services.AddSingleton<IFileProvider>(
 new PhysicalFileProvider(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()));
}

创建一个中间件,读取根目录下的所有文件,输出文件名:

public class HelloFileProviderMiddleware
{
 private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
 private readonly IFileProvider _fileProvider;
 public HelloFileProviderMiddleware(RequestDelegate next, IFileProvider fileProvider)
 {
 _next = next;
 _fileProvider = fileProvider;
 }
 public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context)
 {
 var output = new StringBuilder("");
 IDirectoryContents dir = _fileProvider.GetDirectoryContents("");
 foreach (IFileInfo item in dir)
 {
 output.AppendLine(item.Name);
 }
 await context.Response.WriteAsync(output.ToString());
 }
}
public static class UseHelloFileProviderExtensions
{
 public static IApplicationBuilder UseHelloFileProvider(this IApplicationBuilder app)
 {
 return app.UseMiddleware<HelloFileProviderMiddleware>();
 }
}

运行,此时页面效果:

当然,我们也可以通过IFileProvider接口读取单个文件信息:

public class HelloFileProviderMiddleware
{
 private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
 private readonly IFileProvider _fileProvider;
 public HelloFileProviderMiddleware(RequestDelegate next, IFileProvider fileProvider)
 {
 _next = next;
 _fileProvider = fileProvider;
 }
 public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context)
 {
 IFileInfo file = _fileProvider.GetFileInfo("Startup.cs");
 using (var stream = file.CreateReadStream())
 {
 using (var reader = new StreamReader(stream))
 {
 var output = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();
 await context.Response.WriteAsync(output.ToString());
 }
 }
 }
}

运行,此时页面效果:

讨论

ASP.NET Core 2.0提供了继承自接口IFileProvider的PhysicalFileProvider类型,用于受限地访问本地文件系统,它是对System.IO.File的一个封装。

我们可以在Startup的Configure()方法内将IFileProvider配置为一个服务,然后通过构造函数注入添加到中间件或者控制器中。这样可以在一个地方控制文件的访问路径(也就是应用程序启动的时候)。

IFileProvider有两个重要的方法:

1. GetDirectoryContents:返回IDirectoryContents接口。可用于遍历某个目录中的全部文件或目录。

2. GetFileInfo:返回IFileInfo接口。通过其CreateReadSteam方法可以读取文件内容。

====start by sanshi=========================

下面通过递归来遍历根目录下全部文件和目录,修改中间件代码:

public class HelloFileProviderMiddleware
{
 private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
 private readonly IFileProvider _fileProvider;
 public HelloFileProviderMiddleware(RequestDelegate next, IFileProvider fileProvider)
 {
 _next = next;
 _fileProvider = fileProvider;
 }
 public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context)
 {
 var output = new StringBuilder("");
 ResolveDirectory(output, "", "");
 await context.Response.WriteAsync(output.ToString());
 }
 private void ResolveDirectory(StringBuilder output, string path, string prefix)
 {
 IDirectoryContents dir = _fileProvider.GetDirectoryContents(path);
 foreach (IFileInfo item in dir)
 {
 if (item.IsDirectory)
 {
 output.AppendLine(prefix + "[" + item.Name + "]");
 ResolveDirectory(output,
 item.PhysicalPath.Substring(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory().Length),
 prefix + " ");
 } else
 {
 output.AppendLine(prefix + item.Name);
 }
 }
 }
} 

运行,此时页面效果:

====end by sanshi=========================

源代码下载

总结

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