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游标的作用及属性介绍

2020-11-09 来源:爱问旅游网

游标的作用及属性

游标的作用就是用于对查询数据库所返回的记录进行遍历,以便进行相应的操作;游标有下面这些属性:

a、游标是只读的,也就是不能更新它;

b、游标是不能滚动的,也就是只能在一个方向上进行遍历,不能在记录之间随意进退,不能跳过某些记录;

c、避免在已经打开游标的表上更新数据。

实现功能,将数据量比较大的nt_m_gpsdata(3000W+),按日期拆分成如nt_m_gpsdata20170501,nt_m_gpsdata20170502,nt_m_gpsdata20170503等

CREATE PROCEDURE `new_procedure` ()

BEGIN

-- 需要定义接收游标数据的变量

DECLARE a CHAR(16);

-- 定义新建表名

DECLARE tbname CHAR(30);

-- 定义存放sql语句的变量

DECLARE sqlstr1 varchar(300);

DECLARE sqlstr2 varchar(300);

-- 遍历数据结束标志

DECLARE done INT DEFAULT FALSE;

-- 定义游标

DECLARE cur CURSOR FOR select DISTINCT DATE_FORMAT(ctime,'%Y%m%d') as ctime from nt_m_gpsdata;

-- 将结束标志绑定到游标

DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = TRUE;

-- 打开游标

OPEN cur;

-- 开始循环

read_loop: LOOP

-- 提取游标里的数据,这里只有一个,多个的话也一样;

FETCH cur INTO a;

-- 声明结束的时候

IF done THEN

LEAVE read_loop;

END IF;

-- 这里做你想做的循环的事件

set tbname=CONCAT("nt_m_gpsdata",a);

-- select tbname;

-- 复制表结构,create table newtable select * from oldtable where 1=2 只能复制表字段,无法复制字段主键、自增、非空等属性 create table newtable like oldtable 可以复制字段属性

 set sqlstr1 = CONCAT("create table ",tbname," like nt_m_gpsdata");
 set sqlstr2 = CONCAT("insert into ",tbname," select * from nt_m_gpsdata where deleted=0 and DATE_FORMAT(ctime,'%Y%m%d')='",a,"'");
 set @firstsql = sqlstr1;
 PREPARE stmt1 FROM @firstsql;
 EXECUTE stmt1;
 DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt1;
 set @secondsql = sqlstr2;
 PREPARE stmt2 FROM @secondsql;
 EXECUTE stmt2;
 DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt2;

END LOOP;

-- 关闭游标

CLOSE cur;

END

后来又将这个分表策略应用到一个oracle项目,附上代码

DECLARE
cursor my_cursors is select DISTINCT to_char(ctime,'yyyymmdd') as ctime from NTGIS_GPS_EVENTDATA;
mcursor varchar2(40);
begin
for mcursor in my_cursors loop
DECLARE
tbname VARCHAR2(50) := 'NTGIS_GPS_EVENTDATA'||mcursor.ctime;
sqlstr VARCHAR2(300) := 'CREATE TABLE '||tbname||' as SELECT * from NTGIS_GPS_EVENTDATA where to_char(ctime,''yyyymmdd'')='''||mcursor.ctime||'''';
BEGIN
--dbms_output.put_line(tbname);
execute immediate sqlstr;
END;
end loop;
end;
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